Vegetation Dynamics Of Mongolia

Author : P.D. Gunin,Elizabeth A. Vostokova,Nadezhda I. Dorofeyuk,Pavel E. Tarasov,Clanton C. Black
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 244 pages
File Size : 44,5 Mb
Release : 2013-03-09
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789401591430

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Vegetation Dynamics of Mongolia by P.D. Gunin,Elizabeth A. Vostokova,Nadezhda I. Dorofeyuk,Pavel E. Tarasov,Clanton C. Black Pdf

Mongolia is an expansive land-locked country, tilted by tectonic forces to the North, that experiences extremes of continental climate. Moisture-carrying wind currents are scarce so that the land has extended highs and lows in its environment. Culturally the people are mostly nomadic, having been sustained for centuries by an economy based on domestic livestock grazing. There is a saying that, `As the noses go, so goes Mongolia', referring to the domesticated grazing noses of sheep, goats, camels, yaks or horses, and wild ungulates such as gazelles. The vast fenceless steppes of Mongolia furnish the vegetation for grazing. With such extremes in climate it is clear that the vegetation must be resilient and dynamic to cope with the dictates of its extremely harsh environments. Pollen profiles from lakes, plant macrofossils and other data over the last 15,000 years show the dynamic nature of Mongolian vegetation. Currently Mongolian society is experiencing much human-driven economic development which increases pressure on its vegetation. The Great Khural Laws of 1995 forcefully addressed such environmental concerns with the expanded establishment of National Reserves and Parks. But continued effort and vigilance must be expended to insure that Mongolian society will continue to be sustained by its vegetation. This book highlights work such as conserving and restoring plant diversity in various ecosystems and makes recommendations for sustaining the vegetation basis of the nomadic Mongolian society.

Author : Wei Zhang
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 28 pages
File Size : 55,8 Mb
Release : 1995
Category : Grazing
ISBN : 9155435424

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Vegetation Dynamics in Relation to Livestock Grazing in a Semi-arid Steppe in Inner Mongolia by Wei Zhang Pdf

Author : Norio Yamamura,Noboru Fujita,Ai Maekawa
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 318 pages
File Size : 55,9 Mb
Release : 2012-09-07
Category : Science
ISBN : 9784431540519

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The Mongolian Ecosystem Network by Norio Yamamura,Noboru Fujita,Ai Maekawa Pdf

The aim of this book is to describe what is currently occurring in the Mongolian grasslands, to analyze how various factors creating environmental problems interact, and to suggest solutions for sustainable management of the grasslands. The book has three parts. Part I is an introduction, explaining the key concept of an ecosystem network and providing background information on the general features of Mongolian nomadic pastoralism as well as distribution of vegetation in Mongolian grasslands. Part II describes the effects of natural environmental factors and nomadic activities on grassland conditions. Water dynamics that maintain the grassland system are analyzed in a steppe region with shrubs and in a forest-steppe region with trees. Part III describes the effects of economic and social factors on land-use and the livelihood of herders. As nomadic people moved closer to large cities for economic advantage in the 1990s, degradation of pastures by overgrazing resulted. Finally, the impacts of global warming and globalization on the Mongolian society and ecosystem are examined. This book analyzes environmental problems in Mongolian grasslands, but the contents contribute to consideration of environmental problems and sustainable pasture use in grassland areas worldwide.

Author : Derek Eamus,Alfredo Huete,Qiang Yu
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 128 pages
File Size : 53,5 Mb
Release : 2016-03-31
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781316666548

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Vegetation Dynamics by Derek Eamus,Alfredo Huete,Qiang Yu Pdf

Understanding ecosystem structure and function requires familiarity with the techniques, knowledge and concepts of the three disciplines of plant physiology, remote sensing and modelling. This is the first textbook to provide the fundamentals of these three domains in a single volume. It then applies cross-disciplinary insights to multiple case studies in vegetation and landscape science. A key feature of these case studies is an examination of relationships among climate, vegetation structure and vegetation function, to address fundamental research questions. This book is for advanced students and researchers who need to understand and apply knowledge from the disciplines of plant physiology, remote sensing and modelling. It allows readers to integrate and synthesise knowledge to produce a holistic understanding of the structure, function and behaviour of forests, woodlands and grasslands.

Author : Richard J. Hobbs,Katharine N. Suding,Peter Society for Ecological Restoration International
Publisher : Island Press
Page : 366 pages
File Size : 43,8 Mb
Release : 2013-03-19
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781610911382

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New Models for Ecosystem Dynamics and Restoration by Richard J. Hobbs,Katharine N. Suding,Peter Society for Ecological Restoration International Pdf

As scientific understanding about ecological processes has grown, the idea that ecosystem dynamics are complex, nonlinear, and often unpredictable has gained prominence. Of particular importance is the idea that rather than following an inevitable progression toward an ultimate endpoint, some ecosystems may occur in a number of states depending on past and present ecological conditions. The emerging idea of “restoration thresholds” also enables scientists to recognize when ecological systems are likely to recover on their own and when active restoration efforts are needed. Conceptual models based on alternative stable states and restoration thresholds can help inform restoration efforts. New Models for Ecosystem Dynamics and Restoration brings together leading experts from around the world to explore how conceptual models of ecosystem dynamics can be applied to the recovery of degraded systems and how recent advances in our understanding of ecosystem and landscape dynamics can be translated into conceptual and practical frameworks for restoration. In the first part of the book, background chapters present and discuss the basic concepts and models and explore the implications of new scientific research on restoration practice. The second part considers the dynamics and restoration of different ecosystems, ranging from arid lands to grasslands, woodlands, and savannahs, to forests and wetlands, to production landscapes. A summary chapter by the editors discusses the implications of theory and practice of the ideas described in preceding chapters. New Models for Ecosystem Dynamics and Restoration aims to widen the scope and increase the application of threshold models by critiquing their application in a wide range of ecosystem types. It will also help scientists and restorationists correctly diagnose ecosystem damage, identify restoration thresholds, and develop corrective methodologies that can overcome such thresholds.

Author : Jiquan Chen,Shiqiang Wan,Geoffrey Henebry,Jiaguo Qi,Garik Gutman,Ge Sun,Martin Kappas
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter
Page : 496 pages
File Size : 51,5 Mb
Release : 2013-10-29
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783110287912

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Dryland East Asia: Land Dynamics amid Social and Climate Change by Jiquan Chen,Shiqiang Wan,Geoffrey Henebry,Jiaguo Qi,Garik Gutman,Ge Sun,Martin Kappas Pdf

Drylands in East Asia (DEA) are home to more than one billion people with an environment vulnerable to natural and anthropogenic changes. One of the critical needs in the region is to fully understand how dryland ecosystems respond to the changing climate and human activities in order to develop strategies to cope with continued climate change. This book provides state-of-the-art knowledge and information on drylands ecosystem dynamics, changing climate, society, and land use in the region. In addition to the synthesis of the existing research and knowledge of DEA, the book provides a role model for regional ecological assessment. With a wide spectrum of contributions from experts around the globe, the book should be of interest to researchers and students both internationally and in East Asia. Lessons learned from this synthesis effort in DEA should be useful for developing climate adaptation strategies for other similar regions around the globe.

Author : Norio Yamamura,Noboru Fujita,Ai Maekawa
Publisher : Springer
Page : 320 pages
File Size : 40,6 Mb
Release : 2012-09-20
Category : Science
ISBN : 4431540539

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The Mongolian Ecosystem Network by Norio Yamamura,Noboru Fujita,Ai Maekawa Pdf

The aim of this book is to describe what is currently occurring in the Mongolian grasslands, to analyze how various factors creating environmental problems interact, and to suggest solutions for sustainable management of the grasslands. The book has three parts. Part I is an introduction, explaining the key concept of an ecosystem network and providing background information on the general features of Mongolian nomadic pastoralism as well as distribution of vegetation in Mongolian grasslands. Part II describes the effects of natural environmental factors and nomadic activities on grassland conditions. Water dynamics that maintain the grassland system are analyzed in a steppe region with shrubs and in a forest-steppe region with trees. Part III describes the effects of economic and social factors on land-use and the livelihood of herders. As nomadic people moved closer to large cities for economic advantage in the 1990s, degradation of pastures by overgrazing resulted. Finally, the impacts of global warming and globalization on the Mongolian society and ecosystem are examined. This book analyzes environmental problems in Mongolian grasslands, but the contents contribute to consideration of environmental problems and sustainable pasture use in grassland areas worldwide.

Author : Norio Yamamura,Noboru Fujita,Ai Maekawa
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 318 pages
File Size : 48,7 Mb
Release : 2012-09-20
Category : Science
ISBN : 9784431540526

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The Mongolian Ecosystem Network by Norio Yamamura,Noboru Fujita,Ai Maekawa Pdf

The aim of this book is to describe what is currently occurring in the Mongolian grasslands, to analyze how various factors creating environmental problems interact, and to suggest solutions for sustainable management of the grasslands. The book has three parts. Part I is an introduction, explaining the key concept of an ecosystem network and providing background information on the general features of Mongolian nomadic pastoralism as well as distribution of vegetation in Mongolian grasslands. Part II describes the effects of natural environmental factors and nomadic activities on grassland conditions. Water dynamics that maintain the grassland system are analyzed in a steppe region with shrubs and in a forest-steppe region with trees. Part III describes the effects of economic and social factors on land-use and the livelihood of herders. As nomadic people moved closer to large cities for economic advantage in the 1990s, degradation of pastures by overgrazing resulted. Finally, the impacts of global warming and globalization on the Mongolian society and ecosystem are examined. This book analyzes environmental problems in Mongolian grasslands, but the contents contribute to consideration of environmental problems and sustainable pasture use in grassland areas worldwide.

Author : Garik Gutman,Jiquan Chen,Geoffrey M. Henebry,Martin Kappas
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 236 pages
File Size : 44,7 Mb
Release : 2020-04-14
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783030307424

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Landscape Dynamics of Drylands across Greater Central Asia: People, Societies and Ecosystems by Garik Gutman,Jiquan Chen,Geoffrey M. Henebry,Martin Kappas Pdf

This volume is a compilation of studies on interactions of changes in land cover, land use and climate with people, societies and ecosystems in drylands of Greater Central Asia. It explores the effects of collapse of socialist governance and management systems on land use in various parts of Central Asia, including former Soviet Union republics, Mongolia and northern drylands of China. Often, regional land-atmosphere feedbacks may have large global importance. Remote sensing is a primary tool in studying vast dryland territories where in situ observations are sporadic. State-of-the-art methods of satellite remote sensing combined with GIS and models are used to tackle science questions and provide an outlook of current changes at land surface and potential scenarios for the future. In 10 chapters, contributing authors cover topics such as water resources, effects of institutional changes on urban centers and agriculture, landscape dynamics, and the primary drivers of environmental changes in dryland environment. Satellite observations that have accumulated during the last five decades provide a rich time series of the dynamic land surface, enabling systematic analysis of changes in land cover and land use from space. The book is a truly international effort by a team of scientists from the U.S., Europe and Central Asia. It is directed at the broad science community including graduate students, academics and other professionals at all levels within natural and social sciences. In particular, it will appeal to geographers, environmental and social scientists, economists, agricultural scientists, and remote sensing specialists.

Author : Edward A. Johnson,Edward Arnold Johnson
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 160 pages
File Size : 49,5 Mb
Release : 1996-06-13
Category : Nature
ISBN : 0521349435

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Fire and Vegetation Dynamics by Edward A. Johnson,Edward Arnold Johnson Pdf

A technical introduction to the behaviour of fire and its ecological consequences, using examples from the North American boreal forest.

Author : Victor R. Squires,Jürgen Dengler,Limin Hua,Haiying Feng
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 430 pages
File Size : 52,6 Mb
Release : 2018-09-05
Category : Nature
ISBN : 9781351652209

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Grasslands of the World by Victor R. Squires,Jürgen Dengler,Limin Hua,Haiying Feng Pdf

This book begins with a brief account of the extraordinary sequence of events that led to emergence of grasslands as major vegetation formations that now occupy some of the driest and hottest and the highest and coldest on earth as well as vast steppes and prairies in more temperate climes. It is the story of grasses successfully competing with forests and woodlands, aided and abetted by grazing herbivores and by humans and their use of fire as a tool. It is a story of adaptation to changing climates and the changing biophysical environments. A major focus of the book is the Palaearctic biogeographic realm that extends over some 45 million km2 and thus more than 1/3 of the terrestrial ice-free surface on Earth. It comprises extensive grasslands of different types and origin, which can be subdivided into (1) natural grasslands with (1a) steppes (climatogenic in dry climates), (1b) arctic-alpine grasslands (climatogenic in cold climates) and (1c) azonal and extrazonal grasslands (pedogenic and topogenic) as well as (2) secondary grasslands created and sustained by human activities, such as livestock grazing, mowing or burning. Grasslands of the Palaearctic do not only form a major basis for the agriculture of the region and thus its food supply, but are also crucial for other ecosystem services and host a supra proportional part of the realm’s plant and animal diversity. To reflect that suitability of grasslands for biodiversity strongly depends on their state, we apply the term High Nature Value grassland to those natural grasslands that are not degraded (in good state) and those secondary grasslands that are not intensified (semi-natural). The situation in a variety of countries where grasslands are evolving under the influence of global climate change is also considered. Case studies are presented on Southern Africa, Eastern Africa, India, China, South America, North America and Australia. The concluding chapter examines a set of themes arising from the chapters that make up the bulk of this book. The following provide a focus: recent history of grassland biomes – brief recap of current thinking and recent trends with special reference to dry grasslands in the Palearctic regions; the current status of grasslands and germplasm resources (biodiversity) – an overview; management systems that ensure sustainability; how to recover degraded grasslands; socio-economic issues and considerations in grassland management; the impacts of environmental problems in grasslands such as future climate change and intensification and the problems/prospects facing pastoralists and other grassland-based livestock producers.

Author : Jianshuang Wu,Jian Sun,Yun Jäschke,Bayartungalag Batsaikhan,Mesenbet Yibeltal
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
Page : 323 pages
File Size : 46,6 Mb
Release : 2023-06-08
Category : Science
ISBN : 9782832526149

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Grassland conservation in asia: Sustainability under climate change by Jianshuang Wu,Jian Sun,Yun Jäschke,Bayartungalag Batsaikhan,Mesenbet Yibeltal Pdf

Author : Michael Walther
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 220 pages
File Size : 52,5 Mb
Release : 2000
Category : Geology
ISBN : STANFORD:36105110111619

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State and Dynamics of Geosciences and Human Geography of Mongolia by Michael Walther Pdf

Author : Odsuren Batdelger,Amarsaikhan Damdinsuren,Dashtseren Avirmed,Bolortsetseg Erdenee
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 239 pages
File Size : 53,6 Mb
Release : 2023-10-27
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789464632781

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Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Environmental Science and Technology (EST 2023) by Odsuren Batdelger,Amarsaikhan Damdinsuren,Dashtseren Avirmed,Bolortsetseg Erdenee Pdf

This is an open access book. We are delighted to announce that our biannual meeting this year will be held in person in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia on August 10–11, 2023. The primary goal of EST 2023 is to bring academic scientists, researchers, and scholars from diverse institutions in various countries to share their knowledges and findings on the rapidly changing environment and its challenges due to climate change.

Author : Marinus J.A. Werger,Marja A. van Staalduinen
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 570 pages
File Size : 53,5 Mb
Release : 2012-06-14
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789400738867

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Eurasian Steppes. Ecological Problems and Livelihoods in a Changing World by Marinus J.A. Werger,Marja A. van Staalduinen Pdf

Steppes form one of the largest biomes. Drastic changes in steppe ecology, land use and livelihoods came with the emergence, and again with the collapse, of communist states. Excessive ploughing and vast influx of people into the steppe zone led to a strong decline in nomadic pastoralism in the Soviet Union and China and in severely degraded steppe ecosystems. In Mongolia nomadic pastoralism persisted, but steppes degraded because of strongly increased livestock loads. After the Soviet collapse steppes regenerated on huge tracts of fallow land. Presently, new, restorative steppe land management schemes are applied. On top of all these changes come strong effects of climate change in the northern part of the steppe zone. This book gives an up-to-date overview of changes in ecology, climate and use of the entire Eurasian steppe area and their effects on livelihoods of steppe people. It integrates knowledge that so far was available only in a spectrum of locally used languages.