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Volatile Organic Compounds in the Environment by Wun-cheng Wang,Jon Doi Pdf
Papers delivered at the symposium of the same name, April 1994, by speakers from seven nations. Twenty presentations are arranged under six topics: regulation and assessment, air quality, environmental fate, environmental measurement, environmental monitoring, and control and remediation. A sampling
Chemistry and Analysis of Volatile Organic Compounds in the Environment by H.J. Bloemen,J. Burn Pdf
Interest in the occurrence and behaviour of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) is increasing due to their adverse effects on the environment and human health. It is essential that information is made available on the various aspects of research on VOCs to enable better understanding and control of the various environmental and human health threats. The information in this book will be used to improve communication and understanding of the various approaches. In particular the potential and limitations of the described analytical methods will be essential in defining environmental studies and interpreting the results.
Volatile Organic Compounds in the Atmosphere by Ralf Koppmann Pdf
Every day, large quantities of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are emitted into the atmosphere from both anthropogenic and natural sources. The formation of gaseous and particulate secondary products caused by oxidation of VOCs is one of the largest unknowns in the quantitative prediction of the earth’s climate on a regional and global scale, and on the understanding of local air quality. To be able to model and control their impact, it is essential to understand the sources of VOCs, their distribution in the atmosphere and the chemical transformations which remove these compounds from the atmosphere. In recent years techniques for the analysis of organic compounds in the atmosphere have been developed to increase the spectrum of detectable compounds and their detection limits. New methods have been introduced to increase the time resolution of those measurements and to resolve more complex mixtures of organic compounds. Volatile Organic Compounds in the Atmosphere describes the current state of knowledge of the chemistry of VOCs as well as the methods and techniques to analyse gaseous and particulate organic compounds in the atmosphere. The aim is to provide an authoritative review to address the needs of both graduate students and active researchers in the field of atmospheric chemistry research.
Author : R M Harrison,R E Hester Publisher : Royal Society of Chemistry Page : 156 pages File Size : 48,9 Mb Release : 2007-10-31 Category : Science ISBN : 9781847552310
Volatile Organic Compounds in the Atmosphere by R M Harrison,R E Hester Pdf
Interest in volatile organic compounds (VOCs) as air pollutants has increased dramatically in recent years. This book covers a number of very topical issues concerning VOCs, including stratospheric ozone depletion due to CFCs, and the properties of alternative substances; the role of VOCs in the photochemical formation of lower atmosphere (tropospheric) ozone; and the problem of the direct toxicity of VOCs such as benzene and formaldehyde. This Issue reviews our current knowledge of VOCs, drawing upon the expertise of renowned experts and major national and international research programmes. It examines man-made and natural sources, as well as pathways and chemical reactions in the atmosphere. It also looks closely at the sources and concentrations of VOCs indoors, where humans are most likely to be exposed to them. Volatile Organic Compounds in the Atmosphere describes techniques used for the calculation of emissions inventories and strategies for control, and explores the many Government policy matters relating to VOCs. It provides readers with in-depth, clearly explained coverage of the many complex scientific and policy issues surrounding VOCs in the atmosphere.
National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology,Committee on Contaminated Drinking Water at Camp Lejeune
Author : National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology,Committee on Contaminated Drinking Water at Camp Lejeune Publisher : National Academies Press Page : 338 pages File Size : 44,5 Mb Release : 2009-09-06 Category : Medical ISBN : 9780309136990
Contaminated Water Supplies at Camp Lejeune by National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology,Committee on Contaminated Drinking Water at Camp Lejeune Pdf
In the early 1980s, two water-supply systems on the Marine Corps Base Camp Lejeune in North Carolina were found to be contaminated with the industrial solvents trichloroethylene (TCE) and perchloroethylene (PCE). The water systems were supplied by the Tarawa Terrace and Hadnot Point watertreatment plants, which served enlisted-family housing, barracks for unmarried service personnel, base administrative offices, schools, and recreational areas. The Hadnot Point water system also served the base hospital and an industrial area and supplied water to housing on the Holcomb Boulevard water system (full-time until 1972 and periodically thereafter). This book examines what is known about the contamination of the water supplies at Camp Lejeune and whether the contamination can be linked to any adverse health outcomes in former residents and workers at the base.
Author : Mitchell Michael Sisak,St. Lawrence Centre Publisher : St. Lawrence Centre Page : 24 pages File Size : 44,5 Mb Release : 1994 Category : Hazardous wastes ISBN : 066222261X
Risks Associated with the Presence of Volatile Organic Compounds in the Environment and the Ranking of 18 Tributaries of the St. Lawrence River Upstream and Downstream of Montréal by Mitchell Michael Sisak,St. Lawrence Centre Pdf
Volatile organic compounds (VOC) are present in a variety of environments and originate mainly from two sources: industrial effluents and the chlorination of water. This report presents results from a study carried out to provide information on the distribution and relative importance of VOC in 18 tributaries located in and around the Montréal region. This region was selected for the study because of the known association between population centers and sources of VOC. The researchers sampled the tributaries for 20 compounds using headspace gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. The results include annual and daily load, by substance, and the contribution to the load from each tributary. The researchers also correlated VOC contributors with the Entraco potential toxic contribution index and the Chimiotox index. The report also discusses the effect of ice cover on the intercompartmental exchange of VOC.
Volatile Organic Compounds by Khaled Chetehouna Pdf
Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) have anthropogenic and biogenic origins. At the Earth's scale, the natural sources represent a great part of the total VOCs present in the atmosphere but in industrialised regions, anthropogenic ones become the majority due to the various human activities related mainly to chemical industries (liquid fuels, solvents, thinners, detergents, degreasers, cleaners and lubricants). Almost all VOCs have effects on human health and many of them are even carcinogenic. It is also known that the VOCs can affect the central nervous system and may have mutagenic effects. Apart from human health, they also play an important role towards the environment, especially in the atmospheric pollution processes. Indeed, VOCs emissions lead to the promotion of photochemical reactions in the atmosphere (ozone formation, depletion of the stratospheric ozone layer and formation of photochemical smog). The present book gathers and presents some current research from across the world conducted by scientific experts in their fields. In seven valuable contributions, it deals with the emission and the environmental impact as well as the control of the Volatile Organic Compounds.
Author : Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment Publisher : Unknown Page : 39 pages File Size : 44,9 Mb Release : 1993 Category : Air ISBN : 1895925088
Environmental Guideline for the Control of Volatile Organic Compounds Process Emissions from New Organic Chemical Operations by Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment Pdf
This guide has been developed for the control of volatile organic compound (VOC) process emissions from new organic chemical operations. Sections of the guide cover the following: applicability; definitions of terms; VOC emissions limits; total organic compounds monitoring; test methods and procedures, including emission rate calculations; and reporting and record keeping. The appendix includes requirements for flares used to control process emissions, sample reporting forms, and lists of organic compounds produced in the petroleum products, plastics/resins, and industrial organic chemical industries.
Biology, Controls and Models of Tree Volatile Organic Compound Emissions by Ülo Niinemets,Russell K. Monson Pdf
Plant-driven volatile organic compound (BVOC) emissions play a major role in atmospheric chemistry, including ozone and photochemical smog formation in the troposphere, and they extend the atmospheric lifetime of the key greenhouse gas, methane. Furthermore, condensation of photo-oxidation products of BVOCs leads to formation of secondary organic aerosols with profound implications for the earth's solar radiation budget and climate. Trees represent the plant life form that most contributes to BVOC emissions, which gives global forests a unique role in regulating atmospheric chemistry. Written by leading experts in the field, the focus is on recent advancements in understanding the controls on plant-driven BVOC emissions, including efforts to quantitatively predict emissions using computer models, particularly on elicitation of emissions under biotic and abiotic stresses, molecular mechanisms of volatile synthesis and emission and the role of emissions in plant stress tolerance.
Organic Indoor Air Pollutants by Tunga Salthammer,Erik Uhde Pdf
With the quality of indoor air ranking highly in our lives, this second, completely, revised edition now includes 12 completely new chapters addressing both chemical and analytical aspects of organic pollutants. Sources of indoor air pollutants, measurement and detection as well as evaluation are covered filling the gap in the literature caused by this topical subject. This book is divided into four clearly defined parts: measuring organic indoor pollutants, investigation concepts and quality guidelines, field studies, and emission studies. The authors cover physico-chemical fundamentals of organic pollutants, relevant definitions and terminology, emission sources, sampling techniques and instrumentation, exposure assessment as well as methods for control. Test methods and studies for various indoor environments are described, such as automobile interiors, museum environments, or rooms with air ventilation. Emission sources covered include household and consumer products as well as electronic devices and office equipment. The book is aimed at chemists, physicists, biologists, and medical doctors at universities and research facilities, in industry and environmental laboratories as well as regulative bodies.
Control techniques for volatile organic emissions from stationary sources by United States. Environmental Protection Agency. Emission Standards and Engineering Division Pdf
Control of Volatile Organic Compound Emissions by Paige Hunter,S. Ted Oyama Pdf
The complete guide to the control of volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions. With increased regulatory pressures on air pollution emissions, there is a growing need for innovative control technologies in a wide range of industries. This timely and authoritative book explores the science, technology, economics, and applications specific to the control of volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions. Engineer Paige Hunter joins forces with S. Ted Oyama, an expert in VOC control and a renowned ozone chemist, to present a thorough review of both conventional and emerging techniques for the treatment of VOC-containing streams. They provide detailed technical descriptions, up-to-date cost data on processes, and practical information for industry professionals on how to apply the techniques in diverse fields. Coverage includes: * Comparisons of the major conventional control methods for the treatment of VOC-containing streams * The new technologies of membrane filtration, ultraviolet oxidation, and corona destruction * The cutting-edge technology of catalytic ozonation, suitable for retrofitting existing processes or control systems * International aspects of air pollution and VOC control * A comprehensive listing of hazardous air pollutants (HAPSs) and VOCs * Dozens of illustrations and photographs as well as references to Internet resources
