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Vortex Simulation and Identification by Chaoqun Liu,Yifei Yu Pdf
This book includes six chapters covering new vortex theories, vortex identification methods, and vortex simulation and applications. Vortices are ubiquitous in the universe and include tornados, hurricanes, airplane tip vortices, polar vortices, and even star vortices in the galaxy. Vortices are also building blocks, muscles, and sinews of turbulent flows. This book is useful for researchers in hydrodynamics, aerodynamics, thermodynamics, oceanography, meteorology, metallurgy, civil engineering, astronomy, biology, and more. It is also useful for research on the generation, sustenance, modeling, and controlling of turbulence.
Liutex and Its Applications in Turbulence Research by Chaoqun Liu,Hongyi Xu,Xiaoshu Cai,Yisheng Gao Pdf
Liutex and Its Applications in Turbulence Research reviews the history of vortex definition, provides an accurate mathematical definition of vortices, and explains their applications in flow transition, turbulent flow, flow control, and turbulent flow experiments. The book explains the term "Rortex" as a mathematically defined rigid rotation of fluids or vortex, which could help solve many longstanding problems in turbulence research. The accurate mathematical definition of the vortex is important in a range of industrial contexts, including aerospace, turbine machinery, combustion, and electronic cooling systems, so there are many areas of research that can benefit from the innovations described here. This book provides a thorough survey of the latest research in generalized and flow-thermal, unified, law-of-the-wall for wall-bounded turbulence. Important theory and methodologies used for developing these laws are described in detail, including: the classification of the conventional turbulent boundary layer concept based on proper velocity scaling; the methodology for identification of the scales of velocity, temperature, and length needed to establish the law; and the discovery, proof, and strict validations of the laws, with both Reynolds and Prandtl number independency properties using DNS data. The establishment of these statistical laws is important to modern fluid mechanics and heat transfer research, and greatly expands our understanding of wall-bounded turbulence. Provides an accurate mathematical definition of vortices Provides a thorough survey of the latest research in generalized and flow-thermal, unified, law-of-the-wall for wall-bounded turbulence Explains the term “Rortex as a mathematically defined rigid rotation of fluids or vortex Covers the statistical laws important to modern fluid mechanics and heat transfer research, and greatly expands our understanding of wall-bounded turbulence
IUTAM Symposium on Simulation and Identification of Organized Structures in Flows by J.N. Sørensen,E.J. Hopfinger,N. Aubry Pdf
This volume contains reviewed papers from the 1997 IUTAM Symposium, presenting the latest results from leading scientists within the field of detection and simulation of organized flow structures. It describes various aspects of complex, organized flow motion, including topics from decomposition techniques to topological concepts.
Solid State PhysicsMetastable, Spintronics Materials and Mechanics of Deformable Bodies by Subbarayan Sivasankaran,Pramoda Kumar Nayak,Ezgi Günay Pdf
This book describes the recent evolution of solid-state physics, which is primarily dedicated to examining the behavior of solids at the atomic scale. It also presents various state-of-the-art reviews and original contributions related to solid-state sciences. The book consists of four sections, namely, solid-state behavior, metastable materials, spintronics materials, and mechanics of deformable bodies. The authors’ contributions relating to solid-state behavior deal with the performance of solid matters pertaining to quantum mechanics, physical metallurgy, and crystallography. The authors’ contributions relating to metastable materials demonstrate the behavior of amorphous/bulk metallic glasses and some nonequilibrium materials. The authors’ contributions relating to spintronic materials explain the principles and equations underlying the physics, transport, and dynamics of spin in solid-state systems. The authors’ contributions relating to the mechanics of deformable bodies deal with applications of numeric and analytic solutions/models for solid-state structures under deformation. Key Features:Issues in solid-state physics, Lagrangian quantum mechanics,Quantum and thermal behavior of HCP crystals,Thermoelectric properties of semiconductors,Bulk metallic glasses and metastable atomic density determination,Applications of spintronics and Heusler alloys, 2D elastostatic, mathematical modeling and dynamic stiffness methods on deformable bodies.
Liutex and Third Generation of Vortex Definition and Identification by Chaoqun Liu,Yiqian Wang Pdf
This book collects papers presented in the Invited Workshop, “Liutex and Third Generation of Vortex Definition and Identification for Turbulence,” from CHAOS2020, June 9-12, 2020, which was held online as a virtual conference. Liutex is a new physical quantity introduced by Prof. Chaoqun Liu of the University of Texas at Arlington. It is a vector and could give a unique and accurate mathematical definition for fluid rotation or vortex. The papers in this volume include some Liutex theories and many applications in hydrodynamics, aerodynamics and thermal dynamics including turbine machinery. As vortex exists everywhere in the universe, a mathematical definition of vortex or Liutex will play a critical role in scientific research. There is almost no place without vortex in fluid dynamics. As a projection, the Liutex theory will play an important role on the investigations of the vortex dynamics in hydrodynamics, aerodynamics, thermodynamics, oceanography, meteorology, metallurgy, civil engineering, astronomy, biology, etc. and to the researches of the generation, sustenance, modelling and controlling of turbulence.
Particle Image Velocimetry by Markus Raffel,Christian E. Willert,steven wereley,Jürgen Kompenhans Pdf
This immensely practical guide to PIV provides a condensed, yet exhaustive guide to most of the information needed for experiments employing the technique. This second edition has updated chapters on the principles and extra information on microscopic, high-speed and three component measurements as well as a description of advanced evaluation techniques. What’s more, the huge increase in the range of possible applications has been taken into account as the chapter describing these applications of the PIV technique has been expanded.
Liutex and Third Generation of Vortex Identification by Yiqian Wang,Yisheng Gao,Chaoqun Liu Pdf
This proceedings highlights the applications of the newly introduced physical quantity Liutex in hydrodynamics and aerodynamics. Liutex is used to represent the fascinating rotational motion of fluids, i.e., the vortex. Ubiquitously seen in nature and engineering applications, the definition of vortices has been elusive. The Liutex vector provides a unique and systematic description of vortices. The proceedings collects papers presented in the invited workshop "Liutex and Third Generation of Vortex Identification for Engineering Applications" from Aerospace and Aeronautics World Forum 2021. The papers in this book cover both the theoretical aspects of Liutex and many applications in hydrodynamics and aerodynamics. The proceedings is a good reference for researchers in fluid mechanics who are interested in learning about the wide scope of applications of Liutex and using it to develop a new understanding of their research subjects.
13th Chaotic Modeling and Simulation International Conference by Christos H. Skiadas,Yiannis Dimotikalis Pdf
Gathering the proceedings of the 13th CHAOS2020 International Conference, this book highlights recent developments in nonlinear, dynamical and complex systems. The conference was intended to provide an essential forum for Scientists and Engineers to exchange ideas, methods, and techniques in the field of Nonlinear Dynamics, Chaos, Fractals and their applications in General Science and the Engineering Sciences. The respective chapters address key methods, empirical data and computer techniques, as well as major theoretical advances in the applied nonlinear field. Beyond showcasing the state of the art, the book will help academic and industrial researchers alike apply chaotic theory in their studies.
Vortex Methods by Kyoji Kamemoto,Michihisa Tsutahara Pdf
Vortex methods have been developed and applied to many kinds of flows related to various problems in wide engineering and scientific fields. The purpose of the First International conference on Vortex methods was to provide an opportunity for engineers and scientists to present their achievements, exchange ideas and discuss new developments in mathematical and physical modeling techniques and engineering applications of vortex methods.
Swirl flows are used in a wide range of industrial applications. In non-reacting cases, examples of applications include vortex amplifiers and reactors, heat exchangers, jet pumps, and cyclone separators. In reacting cases, swirlers are widely used in combustion systems, such as gas turbines, industrial furnaces, boilers, gasoline and diesel engines, and many other practical heating devices. Effects of using swirl on flow and combustion are significant and varied, and concern, for example, aerodynamics, mixing, flame stability, intensity of combustion, and pollutant emissions. The purpose of this book is to present recent research efforts to understand and characterize swirling flows of different types and in different applications. These include gaseous, liquid, and solid fuels in order to enhance combustion systems and their energy efficiency. Swirl flows are very complex and the studies proposed in this project are based on different means, including theoretical calculations, numerical modeling, and experimental measurements.
Wind Turbine Aerodynamics and Vorticity-Based Methods by Emmanuel Branlard Pdf
The book introduces the fundamentals of fluid-mechanics, momentum theories, vortex theories and vortex methods necessary for the study of rotors aerodynamics and wind-turbines aerodynamics in particular. Rotor theories are presented in a great level of details at the beginning of the book. These theories include: the blade element theory, the Kutta-Joukowski theory, the momentum theory and the blade element momentum method. A part of the book is dedicated to the description and implementation of vortex methods. The remaining of the book focuses on the study of wind turbine aerodynamics using vortex-theory analyses or vortex-methods. Examples of vortex-theory applications are: optimal rotor design, tip-loss corrections, yaw-models and dynamic inflow models. Historical derivations and recent extensions of the models are presented. The cylindrical vortex model is another example of a simple analytical vortex model presented in this book. This model leads to the development of different BEM models and it is also used to provide the analytical velocity field upstream of a turbine or a wind farm under aligned or yawed conditions. Different applications of numerical vortex methods are presented. Numerical methods are used for instance to investigate the influence of a wind turbine on the incoming turbulence. Sheared inflows and aero-elastic simulations are investigated using vortex methods for the first time. Many analytical flows are derived in details: vortex rings, vortex cylinders, Hill's vortex, vortex blobs etc. They are used throughout the book to devise simple rotor models or to validate the implementation of numerical methods. Several Matlab programs are provided to ease some of the most complex implementations.
Fluid Vortices is a comprehensive, up-to-date, research-level overview covering all salient flows in which fluid vortices play a significant role. The various chapters have been written by specialists from North America, Europe and Asia, making for unsurpassed depth and breadth of coverage. Topics addressed include fundamental vortex flows (mixing layer vortices, vortex rings, wake vortices, vortex stability, etc.), industrial and environmental vortex flows (aero-propulsion system vortices, vortex-structure interaction, atmospheric vortices, computational methods with vortices, etc.), and multiphase vortex flows (free-surface effects, vortex cavitation, and bubble and particle interactions with vortices). The book can also be recommended as an advanced graduate-level supplementary textbook. The first nine chapters of the book are suitable for a one-term course; chapters 10--19 form the basis for a second one-term course.
High Order Large Eddy Simulation for Shock-Boundary Layer Interaction Control by a Micro-ramp Vortex Generator by Chaoqun Liu,Qin Li,Yonghua Yan,Yong Yang,Guang Yang ,Xiangrui Dong Pdf
This volume presents an implicitly implemented large eddy simulation (ILES) by using the fifth order bandwidth-optimized WENO scheme. The chosen method is applied to make comprehensive studies on ramp flows with and without control at Mach 2.5 and Re=5760. Flow control in the form of microramp vortex generators (MVG) is applied. The results show that a MVG can distinctly reduce the separation zone at the ramp corner and lower the boundary layer shape factor under simulated conditions. A series of new findings about the MVG-ramp flow are obtained, including structures relevant to surface pressure, three-dimensional structures of the re-compression shock waves, a complete surface separation pattern, momentum deficit and a new secondary vortex system. A new mechanism of shock-boundary layer interaction control by MVG associated with a series of vortex rings is also presented. Vortex rings strongly interact with air flow and play an important role in the separation zone reduction. Additionally, readers will learn about the governing equation, boundary condition, high quality grid generation, high order shock capturing scheme and DNS inflow condition in detail. This volume will, therefore, serve as a useful reference for aerospace researchers using LES methods to study shock boundary layer interaction and supersonic flow control.
Tubes, Sheets and Singularities in Fluid Dynamics by K. Bajer,H.K. Moffatt Pdf
Modern experiments and numerical simulations show that the long-known coherent structures in turbulence take the form of elongated vortex tubes and vortex sheets. The evolution of vortex tubes may result in spiral structures which can be associated with the spectral power laws of turbulence. The mutual stretching of skewed vortex tubes, when they are close to each other, causes rapid growth of vorticity. Whether this process may or may not lead to a finite-time singularity is one of the famous open problems of fluid dynamics. This book contains the proceedings of the NATO ARW and IUTAM Symposium held in Zakopane, Poland, 2-7 September 2001. The papers presented, carefully reviewed by the International Scientific Committee, cover various aspects of the dynamics of vortex tubes and sheets and of their analogues in magnetohydrodynamics and in quantum turbulence. The book should be a useful reference for all researchers and students of modern fluid dynamics.
