Voting And Collective Decision Making

Author : Annick Laruelle,Federico Valenciano
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 184 pages
File Size : 42,9 Mb
Release : 2008-09-11
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781139474290

Get Book

Voting and Collective Decision-Making by Annick Laruelle,Federico Valenciano Pdf

Every day thousands of decisions are made by all kinds of committees, parliaments, councils and boards by a 'yes-no' voting process. Sometimes a committee can only accept or reject the proposals submitted to it for a decision. On other occasions, committee members have the possibility of modifying the proposal and bargaining an agreement prior to the vote. In either case, what rule should be used if each member acts on behalf of a different-sized group? It seems intuitively clear that if the groups are of different sizes then a symmetric rule (e.g. the simple majority or unanimity) is not suitable. The question then arises of what voting rule should be used. Voting and Collective Decision-Making addresses this and other issues through a study of the theory of bargaining and voting power, showing how it applies to real decision-making contexts.

Author : Nicolaus Tideman
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 343 pages
File Size : 45,7 Mb
Release : 2017-03-02
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781351950626

Get Book

Collective Decisions and Voting by Nicolaus Tideman Pdf

When one thinks about how collective decisions are made, voting is the method that comes naturally to mind. But other methods such as random process and consensus are also used. This book explores just what a collective decision is, classifies the methods of making collective decisions, and identifies the advantages and disadvantages of each method. Classification is the prelude to evaluation. What are the characteristics of a method of making collective decisions, the book asks, that permit us to describe a collective decision as good? The second part of the book is detailed exploration of voting: the dimensions in which voting situations differ, the origins and logic of majority rule, the frequency of cycles in voting, the Arrow and Gibbard-Satterthwaite theorems, criteria for ways of cutting through cycles and the application of these criteria to a variety of rules, voting over continuums, proportional representation, and voting rules that take account of intensities of preferences. Relatively unknown methods of voting give voting a much greater potential than is generally recognized. Collective Decisions and Voting is essential reading for everyone with an interest in voting theory and in how public choices might be made.

Author : Prasanta K. Pattanaik
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 183 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 1971
Category : Decision making
ISBN : OCLC:1151682800

Get Book

Voting and Collective Choice by Prasanta K. Pattanaik Pdf

Author : Adrian Van Deemen,Agnieszka Rusinowska
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 266 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 2010-06-03
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9783642028656

Get Book

Collective Decision Making by Adrian Van Deemen,Agnieszka Rusinowska Pdf

Harrie de Swart is a Dutch logician and mathematician with a great and open int- est in applications of logic. After being confronted with Arrow’s Theorem, Harrie became very interested in social choice theory. In 1986 he took the initiative to start up a group of Dutch scientists for the study of social choice theory. This initiative grew out to a research group and a series of colloquia, which were held approximately every month at the University of Tilburg in The Netherlands. The organization of the colloquia was in the hands of Harrie and under his guidance they became more and more internationally known. Many international scholars liked visiting the social choice colloquia in Tilburg and enjoyed giving one or more presentations about their work. They liked Harrie’s kindness and hospitality, and the openness of the group for anything and everything in the eld of social choice. The Social Choice Theory Group started up by Harrie consisted, and still c- sists, of scholars from several disciplines; mostly economics, mathematics, and (mathematical) psychology. It was set up for the study of and discussion about anything that had to do with social choice theory including, and not in the least, the supervision of PhD students in the theory. Members of the group were, among o- ers, Thom Bezembinder (psychologist), Hans Peters (mathematician), Pieter Ruys (economist), Stef Tijs (mathematician and game theorist) and, of course, Harrie de Swart (logician and mathematician).

Author : Norman Schofield
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 430 pages
File Size : 53,9 Mb
Release : 2013-03-09
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9789401587679

Get Book

Collective Decision-Making: by Norman Schofield Pdf

In the last decade the techniques of social choice theory, game theory and positive political theory have been combined in interesting ways so as to pro vide a common framework for analyzing the behavior of a developed political economy. Social choice theory itself grew out of the innovative attempts by Ken neth Arrow (1951) and Duncan Black (1948, 1958) to extend the range of economic theory in order to deal with collective decision-making over public goods. Later work, by William Baumol (1952), and James Buchanan and Gordon Tullock (1962), focussed on providing an "economic" interpretation of democratic institutions. In the same period Anthony Downs (1957) sought to model representative democracy and elections while William Riker (1962) made use of work in cooperative game theory (by John von Neumann and Oscar Morgenstern, 1944) to study coalition behavior. In my view, these "rational choice" analyses of collective decision-making have their antecedents in the arguments of Adam Smith (1759, 1776), James Madison (1787) and the Marquis de Condorcet (1785) about the "design" of political institutions. In the introductory chapter to this volume I briefly describe how some of the current normative and positive aspects of social choice date back to these earlier writers.

Author : Peter Emerson
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 120 pages
File Size : 42,5 Mb
Release : 2020-09-22
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9783030528089

Get Book

Democratic Decision-making by Peter Emerson Pdf

This book provides a practical guide to how groups of people, everywhere, from the local village council to the United Nations Security Council, can best make collective decisions. By comparing the many voting procedures used in democratic decision-making, it explains why win-or-lose binary voting can be inaccurate and divisive, while the more inclusive preferential points system of voting can be so much more accurate and, therefore, more democratic; indeed, it is a win-win methodology. The text, essential reading for anyone interested in fair and participatory collective decision-making, also compares the most common electoral systems.

Author : David Rios Insua,Simon French
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 364 pages
File Size : 41,9 Mb
Release : 2010-09-02
Category : Mathematics
ISBN : 9789048190454

Get Book

e-Democracy by David Rios Insua,Simon French Pdf

Internet is starting to permeate politics much as it has previously revolutionised education, business or the arts. Thus, there is a growing interest in areas of e-government and, more recently, e-democracy. However, most attempts in this field have just envisioned standard political approaches facilitated by technology, like e-voting or e-debating. Alternatively, we could devise a more transforming strategy based on deploying web based group decision support tools and promote their use for public policy decision making. This book delineates how this approach could be implemented. It addresses foundations, basic methodologies, potential implementation and applications, together with a thorough discussion of the many challenging issues. This innovative text will be of interest to students, researchers and practitioners in the fields of e-government, e-democracy and e-participation and research in decision analysis, negotiation analysis and group decision support.

Author : Shmuel Nitzan
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 255 pages
File Size : 53,5 Mb
Release : 2010
Category : FAMILY & RELATIONSHIPS
ISBN : 0511690010

Get Book

Collective Preference and Choice by Shmuel Nitzan Pdf

Collective decision-making is a familiar feature of our social, political, and economic lives. It ranges from the relatively trivial (e.g. the choice of the next family car) to the globally significant (e.g. whether or not a country should go to war). Yet, whether trivial or globally significant, such decisions involve a number of challenging problems. These problems arise in the standard social choice setting, where individuals differ in their preferences. They also arise in the standard decision-making setting, where individuals share the same preferences, but differ in their decisional capabilities. The distinctive feature of Collective Preference and Choice is that it looks at classical aggregation problems that arise in three closely related areas: social choice theory, voting theory, and group decision-making under uncertainty. Using a series of exercises and examples, the book explains these problems with reference to a number of important contributions to the study of collective decision-making.

Author : Charles E. Phelps,Guru Madhavan
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 169 pages
File Size : 53,9 Mb
Release : 2021-04-01
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9780190871161

Get Book

Making Better Choices by Charles E. Phelps,Guru Madhavan Pdf

Systems engineering offers a set of capabilities and competencies to design and manage complex systems as they evolve. Drawing from social choice research and systems engineering practice, Making Better Choices examines how we make decisions together and the tools we use to arrive at those decisions. It takes a critical look at the rules and methods we apply to important decisions--from how we run meetings to how we elect presidents--with an interest in how we can improve these mechanisms. By reviewing different voting systems, their original intents, and their deficits, the authors outline a systems engineering approach to making collective choices in society. Written by an economist and an engineer, this groundbreaking work draws from insights in sociology, linguistics, law, political science, philosophy, psychology, economics, and systems design. In an era of relentless rating, this book offers a fresh vision for engineering better democracies by enabling diverse and inclusive choices

Author : Clifford S. Russell
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 320 pages
File Size : 42,9 Mb
Release : 2013-11-26
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781135996949

Get Book

Collective Decision Making by Clifford S. Russell Pdf

First Published in 2011.This is Volume 11 of fourteen in the library collection of Policy and Government and looks at the applications from public choice theory on decision making. It brings together proceedings that look seek to answer the question for the forum, which was whether public choice theory offers promise of providing a firmer foundation for applied institutional research and for institutional innovations which could contribute to the solution of some of these problems.

Author : Adiel Teixeira de Almeida,Danielle Costa Morais,Hannu Nurmi
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 218 pages
File Size : 52,5 Mb
Release : 2019-10-16
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9783030309558

Get Book

Systems, Procedures and Voting Rules in Context by Adiel Teixeira de Almeida,Danielle Costa Morais,Hannu Nurmi Pdf

This book deals with the choice of methods to be applied in the decision processes within organizations. It discusses the use of voting procedures for group decision in business organizations, focusing on decision-making contexts. Within this book the reader explores the relevant part of the decision-making process consisting of choosing the voting procedures and recognizing the drawbacks of that procedure. This book includes a unique feature of providing a framework for choosing the voting procedure that is the most appropriate for a particular business decision process. The book is useful for a broad researcher audience dealing with the group decision making processes within business organizations and for practitioners and students working in the group decision and negotiation field.

Author : Andy Blunden
Publisher : BRILL
Page : 269 pages
File Size : 47,7 Mb
Release : 2016-04-08
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9789004319639

Get Book

The Origins of Collective Decision Making by Andy Blunden Pdf

The Origins of Collective Decision Making, identifies three paradigms of collective decision making – Counsel, Majority and Consensus, and discovers their origins in traditional, medieval and modern times, and traces their evolution over centuries up to the current juncture.

Author : D. Marc Kilgour,Colin Eden
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 477 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 2010-08-02
Category : Mathematics
ISBN : 9789048190973

Get Book

Handbook of Group Decision and Negotiation by D. Marc Kilgour,Colin Eden Pdf

Publication of the Handbook of Group Decision and Negotiation marks a milestone in the evolution of the group decision and negotiation (GDN) eld. On this occasion, editors Colin Eden and Marc Kilgour asked me to write a brief history of the eld to provide background and context for the volume. They said that I am in a good position to do so: Actively involved in creating the GDN Section and serving as its chair; founding and leading the GDN journal, Group Decision and Negotiation as editor-in-chief, and the book series, “Advances in Group Decision and Negotiation” as editor; and serving as general chair of the GDN annual meetings. I accepted their invitation to write a brief history. In 1989 what is now the Institute for Operations Research and the Management Sciences (INFORMS) established its Section on Group Decision and Negotiation. The journal Group Decision and Negotiation was founded in 1992, published by Springer in cooperation with INFORMS and the GDN Section. In 2003, as an ext- sion of the journal, the Springer book series, “Advances in Group Decision and Negotiation” was inaugurated.

Author : Shmuel Nitzan,Jacob Paroush
Publisher : CUP Archive
Page : 152 pages
File Size : 49,7 Mb
Release : 1985-11-28
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 0521303265

Get Book

Collective Decision Making by Shmuel Nitzan,Jacob Paroush Pdf

This book provides an economic approach to the study of collective decision making. In Social Choice theory, the main problem of collective decision making is normally conceived of as one of aggregating diverse individual preferences. However, in practice, objectives are often common to the individuals - whether, for instance, in the firm, or where a medical diagnosis is required - but the information available to each individual, and their ability to utilise that information optimally, differ. The authors therefore deal with a different problem of decisional skills aggregation assuming homogeneous preferences but differing decisional skills, and develop a framework for the study of collective decision making. They examine the effect of the size of the decision making body; incomplete information on decisional skills; interdependence among decisions; shadow prices of decision rules; and of decision making costs and benefits on optimal group decision making. The model is then illustrated in a range of different fields, including industrial organisation, labour economics and in the design of consulting schemes, medical diagnostic systems, and corporate law.

Author : Peter Emerson
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 187 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 2007-05-05
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9783540331643

Get Book

Designing an All-Inclusive Democracy by Peter Emerson Pdf

This book describes the voting procedures by which majority rule may be replaced by a more consensual system of governance. In a word, such an inclusive polity can be achieved by asking the voters or, more usually, their representatives in councils and parliaments, to state their preferences, so to facilitate the identification of that option which gains the highest average preference score.