Vulnerability Autonomy And Applied Ethics

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Vulnerability, Autonomy, and Applied Ethics

Christine Straehle
Vulnerability Autonomy and Applied Ethics Book PDF

Author : Christine Straehle
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 327 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 2016-10-04
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781317297932

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Vulnerability, Autonomy, and Applied Ethics by Christine Straehle Pdf

Vulnerability is an important concern of moral philosophy, political philosophy and many discussions in applied ethics. Yet the concept itself—what it is and why it is morally salient—is under-theorized. Vulnerability, Autonomy, and Applied Ethics brings together theorists working on conceptualizing vulnerability as an action-guiding principle in these discussions, as well as bioethicists, medical ethicists and public policy theorists working on instances of vulnerability in specific contexts. This volume offers new and innovative work by Joel Anderson, Carla Bagnoli, Samia Hurst, Catriona Mackenzie and Christine Straehle, who together provide a discussion of the concept of vulnerability from the perspective of individual autonomy. The exchanges among authors will help show the heuristic value of vulnerability that is being developed in the context of liberal political theory and moral philosophy. The book also illustrates how applying the concept of vulnerability to some of the most pressing moral questions in applied ethics can assist us in making moral judgments. This highly innovative and interdisciplinary approach will help those grappling with questions of vulnerability in medical ethics—both theorists and practitioners—by providing principles along which to decide hard cases.

Vulnerability

Catriona Mackenzie,Wendy Rogers,Susan Dodds
Vulnerability Book PDF

Author : Catriona Mackenzie,Wendy Rogers,Susan Dodds
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 331 pages
File Size : 48,9 Mb
Release : 2014
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780199316656

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Vulnerability by Catriona Mackenzie,Wendy Rogers,Susan Dodds Pdf

This volume breaks new ground by investigating the ethics of vulnerability. Drawing on various ethical traditions, the contributors explore the nature of vulnerability, the responsibilities owed to the vulnerable, and by whom.

The Rowman & Littlefield Handbook of Bioethics

Ezio Di Nucci,Ji-Young Lee,Isaac A. Wagner
The Rowman Littlefield Handbook of Bioethics Book PDF

Author : Ezio Di Nucci,Ji-Young Lee,Isaac A. Wagner
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
Page : 425 pages
File Size : 54,5 Mb
Release : 2022-10-17
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781538162378

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The Rowman & Littlefield Handbook of Bioethics by Ezio Di Nucci,Ji-Young Lee,Isaac A. Wagner Pdf

This bioethics handbook offers concise, up-to-date, and easy to read chapters on a broad range of bioethical topics in the following categories: foundational concepts, theory and method, healthcare ethics, research ethics, public health, technology, and the environment. The volume provides a snapshot of current bioethics, taking into account current affairs and emerging new topics. Each chapter acknowledges and critically breaks down the historical developments of the subject and the most authoritative existing literature on respective topics, providing accessible and up-to-date philosophical analysis. As such, the chapters are designed to be attractive as primary or supplementary teaching material for university classes of the philosophical or bioethical variety, with clear demarcations and indicators for key terms, ideas, and arguments that should also facilitate productive note-taking and points for critical discussion for students. The handbook also serves as a one-stop starting resource for multi- and interdisciplinary researchers and practitioners who engage with bioethics in their work.

Protecting the Vulnerable

Margaret Brazier,Mary Lobjoit
Protecting the Vulnerable Book PDF

Author : Margaret Brazier,Mary Lobjoit
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 197 pages
File Size : 46,7 Mb
Release : 2005-06-20
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781134946723

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Protecting the Vulnerable by Margaret Brazier,Mary Lobjoit Pdf

The right of adults with sound mind to consent to treatment or risk their own health for the benefit of the community in a clinical trial is unequivocally recognised by the law. But what about those vulnerable by virtue of their age, nature or position in society? Experts from the fields of medicine, philosophy, theology and law, explore the ethical and legal principles which seek to reconcile the individual's right to autonomy with the need to protect vulnerable groups. Discussions refer both to specific groups (premature babies, children, people with mental handicaps) and specific issues (cases of abuse by sterilization of women, suicide, the right to information).

Relational Autonomy

Catriona Mackenzie,Natalie Stoljar
Relational Autonomy Book PDF

Author : Catriona Mackenzie,Natalie Stoljar
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 327 pages
File Size : 55,8 Mb
Release : 2000-01-27
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780195352603

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Relational Autonomy by Catriona Mackenzie,Natalie Stoljar Pdf

This collection of original essays explores the social and relational dimensions of individual autonomy. Rejecting the feminist charge that autonomy is inherently masculinist, the contributors draw on feminist critiques of autonomy to challenge and enrich contemporary philosophical debates about agency, identity, and moral responsibility. The essays analyze the complex ways in which oppression can impair an agent's capacity for autonomy, and investigate connections, neglected by standard accounts, between autonomy and other aspects of the agent, including self-conception, self-worth, memory, and the imagination.

Embracing Vulnerability

Daniel Bedford,Jonathan Herring
Embracing Vulnerability Book PDF

Author : Daniel Bedford,Jonathan Herring
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 190 pages
File Size : 54,9 Mb
Release : 2020-02-13
Category : Law
ISBN : 9781351105682

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Embracing Vulnerability by Daniel Bedford,Jonathan Herring Pdf

This book brings together legal scholars engaging with vulnerability theory to explore the implications and challenges for law of understanding vulnerability as generative and a source of connection and development. The book is structured into five sections that cover fields of law where there is already significant recourse to the concept of vulnerability. These sections include a main chapter by a legal theorist who has previously examined the creative potential of vulnerability and responses from scholars working in the same field. This is designed to draw out some of the central debates concerning how vulnerability is conceptualised in law. Several contributors highlight the need to re-focus on some of these more positive aspects of vulnerability to counter the way law is being used enable persons to escape the stigma associated with vulnerability by concealing that condition. They seek to explore how law might embrace vulnerability, rather than conceal it. The book also includes contributions that seek to bring vulnerability into a non-binary relationship with other core legal concepts, such as autonomy and dignity. Rather than discarding these legal concepts in favour of vulnerability, these contributions highlight how vulnerability can be entwined with relational autonomy and embodied dignity. This book is essential reading for both students studying legal theory and practitioners interested in vulnerability.

Vulnerability in Scandinavian Art and Culture

Adriana Margareta Dancus,Mats Hyvönen,Maria Karlsson
Vulnerability in Scandinavian Art and Culture Book PDF

Author : Adriana Margareta Dancus,Mats Hyvönen,Maria Karlsson
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 324 pages
File Size : 42,6 Mb
Release : 2020-03-30
Category : Performing Arts
ISBN : 9783030373825

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Vulnerability in Scandinavian Art and Culture by Adriana Margareta Dancus,Mats Hyvönen,Maria Karlsson Pdf

In this open access book, seventeen scholars discuss how contemporary Scandinavian art and media have become important arenas to articulate and stage various forms of vulnerability in the Scandinavian welfare states. How do discourses of privilege and vulnerability coexist and interact in Scandinavia? How do the Scandinavian countries respond to vulnerability given increased migration? How is vulnerability distributed in terms of margin and centre, normality and deviance? And how can vulnerability be used to move audiences towards each other and accomplish change? We address these questions in an interdisciplinary study that brings examples from celebrated and provocative fiction and documentary films, TV-series, reality TV, art installations, design, literature, graphic art, radio podcasts and campaigns on social media.

Community, Autonomy and Informed Consent

Pamela J. Lomelino
Community Autonomy and Informed Consent Book PDF

Author : Pamela J. Lomelino
Publisher : Cambridge Scholars Publishing
Page : 190 pages
File Size : 46,7 Mb
Release : 2015-02-05
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781443875042

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Community, Autonomy and Informed Consent by Pamela J. Lomelino Pdf

In using the example of informed consent guidelines for international research on human subjects, this book demonstrates one of the many useful ways that philosophy can be used to move from theory to praxis by providing a general picture of how a philosophical analysis of underlying concepts can affect the way that public policy is framed; the ways that such policies are exclusionary; and a general methodology for remedying injustices in public policy and practice once they have been identified. With diseases, such as AIDS, reaching epidemic proportions in less developed countries, medical research on human subjects in these areas is on the rise. Current international guidelines for research on human subjects stress the importance of informed consent, which is meant to ensure that people freely choose whether to participate in research trials. In an effort to be more globally applicable, many current international ethical guidelines for informed consent in research on human subjects attempt to incorporate community in the informed consent process. This book explains how these attempts encounter two primary problems: (1) they fail to adequately acknowledge the importance community has for many people in less developed countries; and (2) they fail to attend to the constraints to autonomy that oftentimes become magnified once community is involved in the informed consent process. The reason for these shortcomings can be traced to the current account of autonomy reflected in international informed consent guidelines, which is here referred to as the traditional account of autonomy. Although traditional autonomy can account for what this book defines as external constraints to autonomy, it is unequipped to recognize the internal constraints which arise in the medical context. In order to adequately recognize the importance of community in autonomy and to attend to internal constraints to autonomy, it is essential to adopt an account of relational autonomy. Using such a relational autonomy account, the book provides a set of minimally sufficient ethical conditions that can assist policy makers in revising international informed consent guidelines in research on human subjects, so that these guidelines better attend to community involvement in the informed consent process. To demonstrate how these conditions might be used, the book also presents examples of possible revisions to the CIOMS Ethical Guidelines, one of the leading international ethical guidelines for research on human subjects.

Protecting the Vulnerable

Margaret Brazier,Mary Lobjoit
Protecting the Vulnerable Book PDF

Author : Margaret Brazier,Mary Lobjoit
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 214 pages
File Size : 55,7 Mb
Release : 2005-06-20
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781134946716

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Protecting the Vulnerable by Margaret Brazier,Mary Lobjoit Pdf

The right of adults with sound mind to consent to treatment or risk their own health for the benefit of the community in a clinical trial is unequivocally recognised by the law. But what about those vulnerable by virtue of their age, nature or position in society? Experts from the fields of medicine, philosophy, theology and law, explore the ethical and legal principles which seek to reconcile the individual's right to autonomy with the need to protect vulnerable groups. Discussions refer both to specific groups (premature babies, children, people with mental handicaps) and specific issues (cases of abuse by sterilization of women, suicide, the right to information).

Hobbesian Applied Ethics and Public Policy

Shane D. Courtland
Hobbesian Applied Ethics and Public Policy Book PDF

Author : Shane D. Courtland
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 298 pages
File Size : 45,6 Mb
Release : 2017-07-20
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781315534398

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Hobbesian Applied Ethics and Public Policy by Shane D. Courtland Pdf

Most philosophers and political scientists readily admit that Thomas Hobbes is a significant figure in the history of political thought. His theory was, arguably, one of the first to provide a justification for political legitimacy from the perspective of each individual subject. Many excellent books and articles have examined the justification and structure of Hobbes’ commonwealth, ethical system, and interpretation of Christianity. What is troubling is that the Hobbesian project has been largely missing in the applied ethics and public policy literature. We often find applications of Kantian deontology, Bentham’s or Mill’s utilitarianism, Rawls’s contractualism, the ethics of care, and various iterations of virtue ethics. Hobbesian accounts are routinely ignored and often derided. This is unfortunate because Hobbes’s project offers a unique perspective. To ignore it, when such a perspective would be fruitful to apply to another set of theoretical questions, is a problem in need of a remedy. This volume seeks to eliminate (or, at the very least, partially fill) this gap in the literature. Not only will this volume appeal to those that are generally familiar with Hobbesian scholarship, it will also appeal to a variety of readers that are largely unfamiliar with Hobbes.

Between Empowerment and Manipulation

Marijn Sax
Between Empowerment and Manipulation Book PDF

Author : Marijn Sax
Publisher : Kluwer Law International B.V.
Page : 266 pages
File Size : 47,9 Mb
Release : 2021-09-28
Category : Law
ISBN : 9789403537924

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Between Empowerment and Manipulation by Marijn Sax Pdf

Popular health apps are commercial services. Despite the promise of empowerment they offer, the tensions introduced by their data-driven, dynamically adjustable digital environments engender a potential for manipulation to which their designers and operators can easily succumb. In this important book, the author develops an ethical framework to evaluate the commercial practices of for-profit health apps, proceeding to a detailed proposal of how to legally address the exploitation, for financial gain, of users’ need for health. Focusing on the intricate tracking of users over time, coupled with the possibility to personalize the environment based on knowledge gained from tracking, the book’s in-depth analysis of popular for-profit health apps engages with such particulars as the following: the strategic framing of health in health apps; the cultural tendency to presume we are unhealthy until we have proven we are healthy; the key concepts of autonomy, vulnerability, trust, and manipulation; how health apps develop ongoing profitable relationships with users; and use of misleading and aggressive commercial practices. The author argues that the European Union’s Unfair Commercial Practices Directive, when informed by ethical considerations, offers promising legal solutions to the manipulation concerns raised by popular for-profit health apps. The book will be welcomed not only for its incisive scrutiny of the health app phenomenon but also for the light it sheds on the wider problems inherent in the digital society—what digital environments know about their users, how they use that knowledge, and for which purpose. Its progress from an ethical approach to legal solutions will recommend the book to lawyers concerned with business practices, human resources professionals, policymakers, and academics interested in the intersection of ethics and law.

Leading Works in Law and Social Justice

Faith Gordon,Daniel Newman
Leading Works in Law and Social Justice Book PDF

Author : Faith Gordon,Daniel Newman
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 196 pages
File Size : 47,7 Mb
Release : 2021-03-23
Category : Law
ISBN : 9781000367355

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Leading Works in Law and Social Justice by Faith Gordon,Daniel Newman Pdf

This book assesses the role of social justice in legal scholarship and its potential future development by focusing upon the ‘leading works’ of the discipline. The rise of socio-legal studies over recent decades has led to a more interdisciplinary approach to the study of law, which prioritises placing law into its wider social context. Recognising the role that culture, economics and politics play in the development of law is important in order to fully understand the position and impact of law in society. Innovative and written in an engaging way, this collection includes leading and emerging scholars from across the world. Each contributor has been invited to select and analyse a ‘leading work’, a publication which has for them shed light on the way that law and social justice are interlinked and has influenced their own understanding, scholarship, advocacy, and, in some instances, activism. The book also includes a specially written foreword and afterword, which critically reflect upon the contributions of the 'leading works' to consider the role that social justice has played in law and legal education and the likely future path for social justice in legal scholarship. This book will be an essential resource for all those working in the areas of social justice, socio-legal studies and legal philosophy. It will be of wider interest to the social sciences more generally.

Imposed Rationality and Besieged Imagination

Gustavo Pereira
Imposed Rationality and Besieged Imagination Book PDF

Author : Gustavo Pereira
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 190 pages
File Size : 49,6 Mb
Release : 2019-10-24
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9783030265205

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Imposed Rationality and Besieged Imagination by Gustavo Pereira Pdf

Social pathologies are social processes that hinder how individuals exercise their autonomy and freedom. In this book, Gustavo Pereira offers an account of such phenomena by defining them as a cognitive failure that affects the practical imagination, thus negatively interfering with our practical life. This failure of the imagination is the consequence of the imposition of a type of practical rationality on a practical context alien to it, caused by a non‐conscious transformation of the individuals’ set of beliefs and values. The research undertaken provides an innovative explanation in terms of microfoundations based on the mechanism of “availability heuristic”, by which the diminished exercise of the imagination turns the intuitively available or prevailing rationality into the one that regulates behaviour in inappropriate contexts. Additionally, this incorrect regulation results in a progressive distortion of the shared sense of the affected practical contexts, which becomes institutionalized. Consumerism, bureaucratism, moralism, juridification, some forms of corruption and the particular Latin American case of “malinchism” can be interpreted as social pathologies insofar as they imply such distortion. This way of conceptualizing social pathologies integrates the traditional sociological macro‐explanation manifested through the negative consequences of the processes of social rationalization with a micro‐explanation articulated around the findings of cognitive psychology such as availability heuristic. Understanding social pathologies as a cognitive failure allows us to identify the introduction of normative friction as the main way to counteract their effects. One of the potential effects of normative friction, as a specific form of cognitive dissonance, is the intense exercise of the imagination, thus operating as a condition of possibility for the exercise of autonomy and reflection. Democratic ethical life, understood as a shared democratic culture, as well as social institutions and narratives, are the privileged social spaces and means to trigger reflective processes that can counteract social pathologies through a reflective reappropriation of the meaning of the shared practical context. An extraordinary contribution by a Critical Theorist to the return of the concept of imagination today. It takes up the challenge once taken by Kant to think about imagination as the pivotal activity not only of knowledge and experience, but above all, for action. The author claims that imagination makes criticism possible (pathologies) and it allows us to envision alternative views into the path for social transformation. Without imagination nothing is possible. María Pía Lara, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Mexico

Autonomy and the Challenges to Liberalism

John Christman,Joel Anderson
Autonomy and the Challenges to Liberalism Book PDF

Author : John Christman,Joel Anderson
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 401 pages
File Size : 44,5 Mb
Release : 2005-02-07
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781139444200

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Autonomy and the Challenges to Liberalism by John Christman,Joel Anderson Pdf

In recent years the concepts of individual autonomy and political liberalism have been the subjects of intense debate, but these discussions have occurred largely within separate academic disciplines. Autonomy and the Challenges to Liberalism contains essays devoted to foundational questions regarding both the notion of the autonomous self and the nature and justification of liberalism. Written by leading figures in moral, legal and political theory, the volume covers inter alia the following topics: the nature of the self and its relation to autonomy, the social dimensions of autonomy and the political dynamics of respect and recognition, and the concept of autonomy underlying the principles of liberalism.

Vulnerability

Henk ten Have
Vulnerability Book PDF

Author : Henk ten Have
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 264 pages
File Size : 40,9 Mb
Release : 2016-04-08
Category : Health & Fitness
ISBN : 9781317227892

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Vulnerability by Henk ten Have Pdf

Alongside globalization, the sense of vulnerability among people and populations has increased. We feel vulnerable to disease as new infections spread rapidly across the globe, while disasters and climate change make health increasingly precarious. Moreover, clinical trials of new drugs often exploit vulnerable populations in developing countries that otherwise have no access to healthcare and new genetic technologies make people with disabilities vulnerable to discrimination. Therefore the concept of ‘vulnerability’ has contributed new ideas to the debates about the ethical dimensions of medicine and healthcare. This book explains and elaborates the new concept of vulnerability in today’s bioethics. Firstly, Henk ten Have argues that vulnerability cannot be fully understood within the framework of individual autonomy that dominates mainstream bioethics today: it is often not the individual person who is vulnerable, rather that his or her vulnerability is created through the social and economic conditions in which he or she lives. Contending that the language of vulnerability offers perspectives beyond the traditional autonomy model, this book offers a new approach which will enable bioethics to evolve into a global enterprise. This groundbreaking book critically analyses the concept of vulnerability as a global phenomenon. It will appeal to scholars and students of ethics, bioethics, globalization, healthcare, medical science, medical research, culture, law, and politics.