Waste Into Weapons

Author : Peter Thorsheim
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 305 pages
File Size : 43,5 Mb
Release : 2015-08-31
Category : History
ISBN : 9781107099357

Get Book

Waste into Weapons by Peter Thorsheim Pdf

During the Second World War, the United Kingdom faced severe shortages of many essential raw materials. To keep its armaments factories running, the British government enlisted millions of people in efforts to recycle a wide range of materials for use in munitions production. Recycling not only supplied British munitions factories with much-needed raw materials - it also played a key role in the efforts of the British government to maintain the morale of its citizens, to secure billions of dollars in Lend-Lease aid from the United States, and even to uncover foreign intelligence. However, Britain's wartime recycling campaign came at a cost: it consumed many items that would never have been destroyed under normal circumstances, including significant parts of the nation's cultural heritage. Based on extensive archival research, Peter Thorsheim examines the relationship between armaments production, civil liberties, cultural preservation, and diplomacy, making Waste into Weapons the first in-depth history of twentieth-century recycling in Britain.

Author : Grant Dawson
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 273 pages
File Size : 42,6 Mb
Release : 2023-04-18
Category : Law
ISBN : 9780192868237

Get Book

International Law and Sea-Dumped Chemical Weapons by Grant Dawson Pdf

Following the two world wars of the twentieth century, governments decided to dispose of unwanted chemical weapons in the world's oceans. The deleterious consequences of this decision for the earth's precious marine environment are now becoming clear. As the issue of sea-dumped chemical weapons cannot be contained by borders, we will all have to deal with the adverse effects on our fragile planetary ecosystem. While states have made some efforts to address the situation, unresolved international legal issues remain. International Law and Sea-Dumped Chemical Weapons contains a systematic conceptual analysis of the international legal frameworks governing the remediation of sea-dumped chemical weapons. Where deficiencies are found in the law, legal solutions are offered. In addition, practical approaches to the problem are explored. Furthermore, the book argues that solutions to this environmental hazard rely on a holistic awareness-and acceptance-of how humanity's past actions have damaged our ecosystem. Aiming to bring about the necessary will to overcome this challenge, this volume identifies and analyses the problem, offers guidance, and provides hope to the current and succeeding generations so that we can solve the problem of sea-dumped chemical weapons and restore balance to our ecosystem.

Author : Anonim
Publisher : DIANE Publishing
Page : 219 pages
File Size : 46,6 Mb
Release : 2024-06-17
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9781422349564

Get Book

Complex Cleanup: The Environmental Legacy of Nuclear Weapons Production by Anonim Pdf

Author : Wing Commander (Dr) Umesh Chandra Jha
Publisher : KW Publishers Pvt Ltd
Page : 388 pages
File Size : 55,7 Mb
Release : 2017-10-15
Category : History
ISBN : 9789386288950

Get Book

Military Weapons and Environment by Wing Commander (Dr) Umesh Chandra Jha Pdf

Armed conflicts have become more complicated, with the emphasis shifting towards new weapons such as drones, cybercrime and autonomous weapons. In July 2017, the UN General Assembly adopted the Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons. This treaty prohibits a full range of nuclear-weapon-related activities, such as undertaking to develop, test, produce, manufacture, acquire, possess or stockpile nuclear weapons or other nuclear explosive devices, as well as the use or threat of use of these weapons. The ongoing conflicts have shown that the consequences of the use of explosive weapons are not limited to death, physical injury and disability, but also include long-term impacts on mental well-being. The use of improvised weapons by States and non-State actors is an area of concern for the environment. Every State must, therefore, ensure that weapons used by their armed forces are explicitly adjudged under International Humanitarian Law (IHL) and Human Rights Law. While reviewing a new weapon, the States must adopt multilateral approaches, drawing upon relevant legal, health, environmental and military expertise. This book describes the environmental effects of eight weapons and explosive remnants of war that have caused extensive environmental harm in the recent past. It also makes specific recommendations addressed to the international community and the States for protecting the natural environment from the impact of weapons of war. This book will contribute towards a better understanding of the environmental harm caused by military weapons.

Author : United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Governmental Affairs. Permanent Subcommittee on Investigations
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 240 pages
File Size : 55,6 Mb
Release : 1991
Category : Political Science
ISBN : PSU:000018472370

Get Book

Trade in Conventional Weapons by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Governmental Affairs. Permanent Subcommittee on Investigations Pdf

Author : Ramesh Thakur And Ere Haru
Publisher : Pearson Education India
Page : 206 pages
File Size : 52,5 Mb
Release : 2007-09
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 8131708497

Get Book

The Chemical Weapons Convention: Implementation , Challenges , Opportunities by Ramesh Thakur And Ere Haru Pdf

Author : Gene Aloise
Publisher : DIANE Publishing
Page : 44 pages
File Size : 52,8 Mb
Release : 2008-10
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781437906325

Get Book

Nuclear Weapons by Gene Aloise Pdf

The Nat. Nuclear Security Admin. (NNSA) is responsible for pit manufacturing (PM), a key component in a nuclear warhead. It lost its ability to PM in 1989 with the closing of the Rocky Flats Plant. In 1996, the Los Alamos Nat. Lab. was directed to reestablish a PM capability, starting with a limited number of pits for the W88 warhead. In recent years, NNSA has considered ways to increase its PM capacity, incl. building a new, large-scale PM facility. It has also proposed producing pits for the Reliable Replacement Warhead. This report determines the: (1) extent to which NNSA achieved its major goals for reestablishing its PM capability; (2) factors that currently constrain its ability to increase its PM capacity; and (3) status of its plans for future PM. Tables.

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 580 pages
File Size : 50,6 Mb
Release : 1996
Category : Electronic
ISBN : NWU:35556031019607

Get Book

Storage and Disposition of Weapons-usable Fissile Materials by Anonim Pdf

Author : Frank Barnaby
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 234 pages
File Size : 44,7 Mb
Release : 2012-10-12
Category : History
ISBN : 9781134901845

Get Book

How Nuclear Weapons Spread by Frank Barnaby Pdf

In How Nuclear Weapons Spread, Frank Barnaby examines the far-reaching effects - both beneficial and detrimental - of nuclear weapons. He looks in detail at the nuclear programmes of Third World countries, including India, Israel and Pakistan which have or could very rapidly acquire nuclear weapons, and assesses the nuclear capabilities of countries such as Iran, Iraq and North Korea. He also considers the alarming possibility that terrorists might obtain nuclear weapons, and considers methods of controlling their spread.

Author : Frederick Mattis
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing USA
Page : 142 pages
File Size : 41,5 Mb
Release : 2009-03-20
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780313365393

Get Book

Banning Weapons of Mass Destruction by Frederick Mattis Pdf

The threat of weapons of mass destruction is still viable, and unless proper motions are made to prohibit this, global safety is still at risk. Prior arms control agreements have moved humanity within striking distance of global prohibition, yet these weapons of mass destruction remain. This enlightening work discusses original principles for a treaty banning nuclear and chem-bio weapons worldwide. Mattis argues that a proposed new nuclear treaty, replacing today's inadequate 1968 Non-Proliferation Treaty, would demand unanimous accession by States which must be achieved before such a treaty enters into force. By asking essential questions, and offering value-creative proposals for nuclear treaty provisions, this work offers a clear path to the daylight of worldwide weapons of mass destruction prohibition. Not only is global safety threatened by the use of nuclear and chem-bio weapons, but more inclusively, today, society is at risk of nuclear weapons being stolen or acquired by terrorists for purposes of destruction. This risk lends to a necessary treaty that would require down-blending of highly enriched uranium to low-enriched uranium to eliminate this prospect. The heart of this work is its delineation of necessary elements for a nuclear ban treaty that addresses inevitable concerns of all States, especially today's nine nuclear weapon States. Mattis addresses 17 major proposed treaty provisions that include: how to suitably ascertain "unanimous accession" by states to a nuclear ban treaty (unanimity being a condition for entry into force); requirement that states be signatories to the current chemical and biological weapons bans [CWC/BWC] prior to signing a nuclear ban treaty; "non-withdrawal" by states from the treaty once it is in effect; necessary and new verification elements for banning nuclear weapons; the establishment, via nuclear ban provision, of "non-withdrawal" from the CWC and BWC. By asking essential questions, and offering illuminating proposals for nuclear ban treaty provisions, the work offers a path to a safer future through worldwide prohibition of weapons of mass destruction.

Author : Elli Louka
Publisher : Edward Elgar Publishing
Page : 449 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 2011-01-01
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780857931092

Get Book

Nuclear Weapons, Justice and the Law by Elli Louka Pdf

Dr Elli Louka has written a courageously realistic yet hopeful book on one of the central problems of the twenty-first century. Louka offers an unflinching examination of the uses and potential abuses of the nuclear instrument currently and in projected futures of the interlocking international war system and global economy. . . She looks squarely at the practice and inevitability of pre-emptive action in many of the contexts she projects. This is an important and timely study for anyone practicing or trying to understand international law and politics. From the foreword by W. Michael Reiman, Yale Law School, US It is often argued that the nuclear non-proliferation order divides the world into nuclear-weapon-haves and have-nots, creating a nuclear apartheid. Employing a careful and nuanced discussion of this claim, Elli Louka examines the architecture of the nuclear non-proliferation order, the fairness and effectiveness of international and regional institutions and scenarios for the future of nuclear weapons. A sophisticated study of a complex issue, this book is a must-read for policymakers and those who wish to understand the intricacies and challenges of developing institutions to address the nuclear weapon threat.

Author : Eric A. Croddy,Jeffrey A. Larsen,James J. Wirtz
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing USA
Page : 388 pages
File Size : 42,9 Mb
Release : 2018-10-12
Category : History
ISBN : 9781440855757

Get Book

Weapons of Mass Destruction by Eric A. Croddy,Jeffrey A. Larsen,James J. Wirtz Pdf

Whether one is interested in learning about anthrax, sarin, the neutron bomb—or any other weapon of mass destruction—this thorough and detailed reference is the place to find answers. The threat posed by weapons of mass destruction (WMD), whether nuclear, radiological, chemical, or biological, is the number-one topic of concern for the intelligence community, first responders, policymakers, and myriad non-governmental organizations—and many members of the general public. This authoritative reference will serve all of those parties by covering the full spectrum of mass-casualty weapons. The guide will not only enable people to educate themselves, but also to separate the truth from the spurious information that abounds. The book offers an A-to-Z listing of major topics, making finding information about concepts, scientific theories, and realities of WMD fast and easy. While the framework of WMD goes back centuries, the major focus of this reference is on weapons that date from the use of chemical warfare in World War I. The book also covers WMD from the early nuclear era (World War II), the Cold War, and the present (Syria, North Korea, etc.). Each entry is written in a clear, accessible style and includes crucial background information, making this book an essential resource for both lay readers and specialists. Armed with this portable database, readers will have the confidence to deal with, discuss, or write about WMD of all kinds based on an understanding of relevant concepts, policies, and scientific fundamentals.

Author : John Perry
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
Page : 191 pages
File Size : 40,6 Mb
Release : 2021-03-12
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781793602848

Get Book

Nuclear Weapons and the Environment by John Perry Pdf

In Nuclear Weapons and the Environment, John Perry highlights the environmental damage caused by nuclear device testing. The failure of the Nuclear Proliferation Treaty and the continued proliferation of nuclear weapons is a grave risk to not only human life but to the environment. Pointing to the unstable political situation between a variety of state and non-state actors, the remediation of nuclear test sites, and the risks involved in the production of nuclear weapons, Perry makes a clear case for the dire importance of non-proliferation.

Author : Charles J. Moxley
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
Page : 1135 pages
File Size : 46,6 Mb
Release : 2024-05-15
Category : Law
ISBN : 9780761873556

Get Book

Nuclear Weapons and International Law by Charles J. Moxley Pdf

This two-volume book provides a comprehensive analysis of the lawfulness of the use of nuclear weapons, based on existing international law, established facts as to nuclear weapons and their effects, and nuclear weapons policies and plans of the United States. Based on detailed analysis of the facts and law, Professor Moxley shows that the United States’ arguments that uses of nuclear weapons, including low-yield nuclear weapons, could be lawful do not withstand analysis. Moxley opens by examining established rules of international law governing the use of nuclear weapons, first analyzing this body of law based on the United States’ own statements of the matter and then extending the analysis to include requirements of international law that the United States overlooks in its assessment of the lawfulness of potential nuclear weapons uses. He then develops in detail the known facts as to nuclear weapons and their consequences and U.S. policies and plans concerning such matters. He describes the risks of deterrence and the existential nature of the effects of nuclear war on human life and civilization. He proceeds to pull it all together, applying the law to the facts and demonstrating that known nuclear weapons effects cannot comply with such legal requirements as those of distinction, proportionality, necessity, precaution, the corollary requirement of controllability, and the law of reprisal. Moxley shows that, when the United States goes to apply international law to potential nuclear weapons uses, it distorts the law as it has itself articulated it, overlooks law in such areas as causation, risk analysis, mens rea, and per se rules, and disregards known risks as to nuclear weapons effects, including radioactive fallout, nuclear winter, electromagnetic pulses, and potential escalation. He then shows that the policy of deterrence is unlawful because the use of such weapons would be unlawful. Moxley urges that the United States and other nuclear weapons States take heed of the requirements of international law as to nuclear weapons threat and use. He argues that law can be a positive force in society’s addressing existential risks posed by nuclear weapons and the policy of nuclear deterrence.

Author : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Government Operations. Conservation, Energy, and Natural Resources Subcommittee
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 444 pages
File Size : 45,9 Mb
Release : 1976
Category : Radioactive waste disposal
ISBN : UOM:39015081169602

Get Book

Low Level Radioactive Waste Disposal by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Government Operations. Conservation, Energy, and Natural Resources Subcommittee Pdf