Water And Ions As The Conditions Necessary For The Presence Of Life

Author : Raul Cuero
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 42,9 Mb
Release : 2023
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 1527590607

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Water and Ions As the Conditions Necessary for the Presence of Life by Raul Cuero Pdf

This book, drawing on the author's extensive scientific research in different parts of the world and reports from other scientists, explores the intricate interdependence between water and ions. Water is well-known as the best diluent for supporting life, which allows the flow of molecules, which are made up of ions, from one particular point to another, but in many cases, despite the presence of water, life and biological entities are not found. This book allows the reader to pursue an answer to this mystery through scientific knowledge, as has never been presented before, showing how metal ions complement water for sustaining life. It considers the effects of cosmic dust and solar energy on the progression of biological systems, and the presence of metal ions such as sulfur as part of our proteins, calcium in animal and human skeletons, iron in our blood, fluoride in our teeth, sodium and potassium in our physiological activity, along with magnesium and zinc in plants. Furthermore, it explains the presence of the carbon element, which is ubiquitous in all biomolecules on earth. This book also provides techniques such as biomarkers, computational modeling, and artificial intelligence to identify undetectable biological entities.

Author : Sven E. Jorgensen
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 384 pages
File Size : 47,8 Mb
Release : 2018-10-03
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781482278613

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Thermodynamics and Ecological Modelling by Sven E. Jorgensen Pdf

Thermodynamics is used increasingly in ecology to understand the system properties of ecosystems because it is a basic science that describes energy transformation from a holistic view. In the last decade, many contributions to ecosystem theory based on thermodynamics have been published, therefore an important step toward integrating these theories and encouraging a more wide spread use of them is to present them in one volume. An ecosystem consists of interdependent living organisms that are also interdependent with their environment, all of which are involved in a constant transfer of energy and mass within a general state of equilibrium or dis-equilibrium. Thermodynamics can quantify exactly how "organized" or "disorganized" a system is - an extremely useful to know when trying to understand how a dynamic ecosystem is behaving. A part of the Environmental and Ecological (Math) Modeling series, Thermodynamics and Ecology is a book-length study - the first of its kind - of the current thinking on how an ecosystem can be explained and predicted in terms of its thermodynamical behavior. After the introductory chapters on the fundamentals of thermodynamics, the book explains how thermodynamic theory can be specifically applied to the "measurement" of an ecosystem, including the assessment of its state of entropy and enthalpy. Additionally, it will show economists how to put these theories to use when trying to quantify the movement of goods and services through another type of complex living system - a human society.

Author : S.E. Jorgensen,Y.M. Svirezhev
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 380 pages
File Size : 55,7 Mb
Release : 2004-07-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780080471747

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Towards a Thermodynamic Theory for Ecological Systems by S.E. Jorgensen,Y.M. Svirezhev Pdf

The book presents a consistent and complete ecosystem theory based on thermodynamic concepts. The first chapters are devoted to an interpretation of the first and second law of thermodynamics in ecosystem context. Then Prigogine's use of far from equilibrium thermodynamic is used on ecosystems to explain their reactions to perturbations. The introduction of the concept exergy makes it possible to give a more profound and comprehensive explanation of the ecosystem's reactions and growth-patterns. A tentative fourth law of thermodynamic is formulated and applied to facilitate these explanations. The trophic chain, the global energy and radiation balance and pattern and the reactions of ecological networks are all explained by the use of exergy. Finally, it is discussed how the presented theory can be applied more widely to explain ecological observations and rules, to assess ecosystem health and to develop ecological models.

Author : Robert Geis
Publisher : University Press of America
Page : 238 pages
File Size : 43,7 Mb
Release : 2009-11-11
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780761849131

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On the Existence of God by Robert Geis Pdf

The existence of God raises many questions. Geis' work addresses queries that arise from the gratuitous claims of empiricism in Hume, unfounded assumptions in Kant, presumptions of science, and the improbabilities it identifies in Darwinism. By focusing on number and proportion as intrinsic to material and atomic constituency, any argument from chance as instrumental to the cosmos' emergence and sustainability becomes invalidated. The arguments from contingency and the nature of intellection provide more clarity than the ratio Anselmi for acknowledging a transcendent causality, taking the reader to the problem of evil and present-day nihilism. These concepts present great, but not insuperable, difficulty for theism. Geis argues that evil, when one uses it as a means to the betterment of oneself and the world, takes on the rTle commensurate with the doctrine of an omnibenevolent deity. Accordingly, one can use evil as a means to a greater understanding of God, Providence, and eternal destiny.

Author : Sven Erik Jørgensen
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 224 pages
File Size : 48,9 Mb
Release : 2011-04-18
Category : Science
ISBN : 0080559972

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Evolutionary Essays by Sven Erik Jørgensen Pdf

Evolution is nature’s most fascinating process, the possibility given sufficient time to combine simple inorganic compounds to more and more complex biochemical compounds, which make up more and more complex organisms. It is therefore crucial in our effort to understand the evolution to see it from as many different angles as possible. This books draw an image of evolution from the thermodynamic viewpoint, which gives new and surprising insights into the processes and mechanisms that have driven evolution. This new thermodynamic interpretation has made it possible to quantify the various steps of evolution and to show that evolution has followed an exponential growth curve. The first comprehensive thermodynamic interpretation and explanation of evolution This thermodynamic interpretation makes it possible to quantify the various steps of evolution This interpretation explains the wide spectrum of different mechanisms on which the evolution has been based

Author : Vera M. Kolb
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 1484 pages
File Size : 47,8 Mb
Release : 2018-12-07
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781351661102

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Handbook of Astrobiology by Vera M. Kolb Pdf

Choice Recommended Title, August 2019 Read an exclusive interview with Professor Vera Kolb here. Astrobiology is the study of the origin, evolution, distribution, and future of life on Earth. This exciting and significant field of research also investigates the potential existence and search for extra-terrestrial life in the Solar System and beyond. This is the first handbook in this burgeoning and interdisciplinary field. Edited by Vera Kolb, a highly respected astrobiologist, this comprehensive resource captures the history and current state of the field. Rich in information and easy to use, it assumes basic knowledge and provides answers to questions from practitioners and specialists in the field, as well as providing key references for further study. Features: Fills an important gap in the market, providing a comprehensive overview of the field Edited by an authority in the subject, with chapters written by experts in the many diverse areas that comprise astrobiology Contains in-depth and broad coverage of an exciting field that will only grow in importance in the decades ahead

Author : Rehab O. Abdel Rahman,Michael I. Ojovan
Publisher : Woodhead Publishing
Page : 676 pages
File Size : 44,9 Mb
Release : 2021-05-25
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9780128183298

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Sustainability of Life Cycle Management for Nuclear Cementation-Based Technologies by Rehab O. Abdel Rahman,Michael I. Ojovan Pdf

Sustainability of Life Cycle Management for Nuclear Cementation-Based Technologies, edited by Dr. Rahman and Dr. Ojovan, presents the latest knowledge and research on the management of cementitious systems within nuclear power plants. The book covers aging, development and updates on regulatory frameworks on a global scale, the development of cementitious systems for the immobilization of problematic wastes, and the decommissioning and decontamination of complex cementitious systems. The book's editors and their team of experts combine their practical knowledge to provide the reader with a thorough understanding on the sustainability of lifecycle management of cementitious systems within the nuclear industry. Sections provide a comparative tool that presents national regulations concerning cementitious systems within nuclear power plants, check international and national evaluation results of the sustainability of different systems, help in the development of performance test procedures, and provide a guide on aging nuclear power plants and the long-term behavior of these systems in active and passive safety environments. Presents the latest information on the behavior of different cementitious systems used in the nuclear industry in one comprehensive resource Includes scientific justifications of system behavior during the design, operation, maintenance and decommissioning phases Aids the reader in the development of evaluation tests for problematic wastes

Author : Samantha Fowler,Rebecca Roush,James Wise
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 618 pages
File Size : 47,6 Mb
Release : 2018-01-07
Category : Science
ISBN : 9888407457

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Concepts of Biology by Samantha Fowler,Rebecca Roush,James Wise Pdf

Concepts of Biology is designed for the single-semester introduction to biology course for non-science majors, which for many students is their only college-level science course. As such, this course represents an important opportunity for students to develop the necessary knowledge, tools, and skills to make informed decisions as they continue with their lives. Rather than being mired down with facts and vocabulary, the typical non-science major student needs information presented in a way that is easy to read and understand. Even more importantly, the content should be meaningful. Students do much better when they understand why biology is relevant to their everyday lives. For these reasons, Concepts of Biology is grounded on an evolutionary basis and includes exciting features that highlight careers in the biological sciences and everyday applications of the concepts at hand.We also strive to show the interconnectedness of topics within this extremely broad discipline. In order to meet the needs of today's instructors and students, we maintain the overall organization and coverage found in most syllabi for this course. A strength of Concepts of Biology is that instructors can customize the book, adapting it to the approach that works best in their classroom. Concepts of Biology also includes an innovative art program that incorporates critical thinking and clicker questions to help students understand--and apply--key concepts.

Author : Reza Javaherdashti,Farzaneh Akvan
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 234 pages
File Size : 55,7 Mb
Release : 2019-10-22
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9780128184493

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Failure Modes, Effects and Causes of Microbiologically Influenced Corrosion by Reza Javaherdashti,Farzaneh Akvan Pdf

Failure Modes, Effects and Causes of Microbiologically Influenced Corrosion: Advanced Perspectives and Analysis presents academic research about microbial corrosion (MIC), integrating it into engineering applications that result in a more thorough understanding of MIC and how it is recognized and treated. In addition, new concepts that will be useful in understanding integrity and corrosion management practices are explored. This book will be useful for industry professionals, particularly maintenance and operation engineers, corrosion and material engineers, and R&D personnel working in the field of corrosion protection. Focuses on the skills and knowledge necessary to understand how (Failure modes) and why (Effects and Causes) materials fail Explains why corrosion control measures, such as the use of coatings, cathodic protection and inhibitors are useful Discusses the practical side of MIC treatment in terms of fundamental concepts of time and cost of operation

Author : Sven Erik Jorgensen
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 360 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 2016-04-19
Category : Nature
ISBN : 9781439855201

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Introduction to Systems Ecology by Sven Erik Jorgensen Pdf

Possibly the first textbook to present a practically applicable ecosystems theory, Introduction to Systems Ecology helps readers understand how ecosystems work and how they react to disturbances. It demonstrates—with many examples and illustrations—how to apply the theory to explain observations and to make quantitative calculations and predictions. In this book, Sven Erik Jørgensen takes a first step toward integrating thermodynamics, biochemistry, hierarchical organization, and network theory into a holistic theory of systems ecology. The first part of the book covers the laws of thermodynamics and the basic biochemistry of living organisms, as well as the constraints they impose on ecosystems. To grow and develop, however, ecosystems have to evade these thermodynamic and biochemical constraints, so the second part of the book discusses the seven basic properties that enable ecosystems to grow, develop, and survive: They are open systems, far from thermodynamic equilibrium. They are organized hierarchically. They have a high diversity. They have high buffer capacities toward changes. Their components are organized in cooperative networks, which allows for sophisticated feedback, regulation mechanisms, and higher efficiencies. They contain an enormous amount of information embodied in genomes. They have emerging system properties. This timely textbook also looks at how systems ecology is applied in integrated environmental management, particularly in ecological modeling and engineering and in the assessment of ecosystem health using ecological indicators. Acknowledging that there is still much room for improvement, it will inspire ecologists to develop a stronger and more widely applicable ecosystem theory.

Author : FIP Commission on Practical Construction. Working Group on Corrosion and Corrosion Protection of Prestressed Ground Anchorages
Publisher : Thomas Telford
Page : 38 pages
File Size : 45,5 Mb
Release : 1986
Category : Anchorage (Structural engineering)
ISBN : 0727702653

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Corrosion and Corrosion Protection of Prestressed Ground Anchorages by FIP Commission on Practical Construction. Working Group on Corrosion and Corrosion Protection of Prestressed Ground Anchorages Pdf

This state of the art report summarizes the mechanisms and types of corrosion to which a ground anchorage based on a prestressing tendon can be subjected. The chemical, electrochemical and bacterial reactions between agressive soils and steel and concrete are dealt with in detail. There is a carefully recorded and analysed list of a number of known cases of tendon corrosion. A corrosion protection philosophy is proposed, with five classes of protection, with examples of such protection in current practice.

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 624 pages
File Size : 46,5 Mb
Release : 1996
Category : Naval research
ISBN : UIUC:30112047050726

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Naval Research Reviews by Anonim Pdf

Author : Keith Roberts
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 1697 pages
File Size : 48,5 Mb
Release : 2007-12-10
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780470057230

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Handbook of Plant Science, 2 Volume Set by Keith Roberts Pdf

Plant Science, like the biological sciences in general, has undergone seismic shifts in the last thirty or so years. Of course science is always changing and metamorphosing, but these shifts have meant that modern plant science has moved away from its previous more agricultural and botanical context, to become a core biological discipline in its own right. However the sheer amount of information that is accumulating about plant science, and the difficulty of grasping it all, understanding it and evaluating it intelligently, has never been harder for the new generation of plant scientists or, for that matter, established scientists. And that is precisely why this Handbook of Plant Science has been put together. Discover modern, molecular plant sciences as they link traditional disciplines! Derived from the acclaimed Encyclopedia of Life Sciences! Thorough reference of up-to-the minute, reliable, self-contained, peer-reviewed articles – cross-referenced throughout! Contains 255 articles and 48 full-colour pages, written by top scientists in each field! The Handbook of Plant Science is an authoritative source of up-to-date, practical information for all teachers, students and researchers working in the field of plant science, botany, plant biotechnology, agriculture and horticulture.

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 66 pages
File Size : 51,6 Mb
Release : 1968
Category : Titanium
ISBN : UOM:39015095156124

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Titanium for the Chemical Engineer by Anonim Pdf

Author : Victoria Meadows,Giada Arney,Britney Schmidt,David J. Des Marais
Publisher : University of Arizona Press
Page : 593 pages
File Size : 46,9 Mb
Release : 2020-07-07
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780816540068

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Planetary Astrobiology by Victoria Meadows,Giada Arney,Britney Schmidt,David J. Des Marais Pdf

Are we alone in the universe? How did life arise on our planet? How do we search for life beyond Earth? These profound questions excite and intrigue broad cross sections of science and society. Answering these questions is the province of the emerging, strongly interdisciplinary field of astrobiology. Life is inextricably tied to the formation, chemistry, and evolution of its host world, and multidisciplinary studies of solar system worlds can provide key insights into processes that govern planetary habitability, informing the search for life in our solar system and beyond. Planetary Astrobiology brings together current knowledge across astronomy, biology, geology, physics, chemistry, and related fields, and considers the synergies between studies of solar systems and exoplanets to identify the path needed to advance the exploration of these profound questions. Planetary Astrobiology represents the combined efforts of more than seventy-five international experts consolidated into twenty chapters and provides an accessible, interdisciplinary gateway for new students and seasoned researchers who wish to learn more about this expanding field. Readers are brought to the frontiers of knowledge in astrobiology via results from the exploration of our own solar system and exoplanetary systems. The overarching goal of Planetary Astrobiology is to enhance and broaden the development of an interdisciplinary approach across the astrobiology, planetary science, and exoplanet communities, enabling a new era of comparative planetology that encompasses conditions and processes for the emergence, evolution, and detection of life.