Waterborne Pathogens

Author : Steven L. Percival,Marylynn V. Yates,David Williams,Rachel Chalmers,Nicholas Gray
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 696 pages
File Size : 48,8 Mb
Release : 2013-11-08
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780124159761

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Microbiology of Waterborne Diseases by Steven L. Percival,Marylynn V. Yates,David Williams,Rachel Chalmers,Nicholas Gray Pdf

The second edition of Microbiology of Waterborne Diseases describes the diseases associated with water, their causative agents and the ways in which they gain access to water systems. The book is divided into sections covering bacteria, protozoa, and viruses. Other sections detail methods for detecting and identifying waterborne microorganisms, and the ways in which they are removed from water, including chlorine, ozone, and ultraviolet disinfection. The second edition of this handbook has been updated with information on biofilms and antimicrobial resistance. The impact of global warming and climate change phenomena on waterborne illnesses are also discussed. This book serves as an indispensable reference for public health microbiologists, water utility scientists, research water pollution microbiologists environmental health officers, consultants in communicable disease control and microbial water pollution students. Focuses on the microorganisms of most significance to public health, including E. coli, cryptosporidium, and enterovirus Highlights the basic microbiology, clinical features, survival in the environment, and gives a risk assessment for each pathogen Contains new material on antimicrobial resistance and biofilms Covers drinking water and both marine and freshwater recreational bathing waters

Author : Majeti Narasimha Vara Prasad,Anna Grobelak
Publisher : Butterworth-Heinemann
Page : 530 pages
File Size : 42,5 Mb
Release : 2020-02-07
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9780128187845

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Waterborne Pathogens by Majeti Narasimha Vara Prasad,Anna Grobelak Pdf

Waterborne Pathogens: Detection and Treatment delivers the tools and techniques on how to identify these contaminates and apply the most effective technology for their removal and treatment. Written for researchers and practicing professionals, the book starts with a brief, but readable, review of ubiquitous waterborne pathogens (primarily viruses, bacterial and parasitic protozoa). This coverage is followed by an in-depth discussion of the latest detection and treatment technologies, ranging from Biosensors, to Nanoconjugates, Membrane Based Technologies and Nanotechnology Treatment. Engineers and scientist will find this to be a valuable reference on cutting-edge techniques for suppling safe drinking water across the globe. Explains the latest research on detection, treatment processes and remediation technologies Includes sampling, analytical and characterization methods and approaches Covers cutting-edge research, including Membrane Based Technologies, Nanotechnology Treatment Technologies and Bioremediation Treatment Technologies Provides background information regarding contamination sources

Author : World Health Organization
Publisher : World Health Organization
Page : 259 pages
File Size : 42,7 Mb
Release : 2004-09-23
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9789241562591

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Pathogenic Mycobacteria in Water by World Health Organization Pdf

Environmental mycobacteria can be found in diverse environments around the world, some of which have the ability to infect animals, birds and humans and have evolved mechanisms by which they can invade and grow within host cells, the pathogenic environmental mycobacteria (PEM). Although the diseases caused by these organisms have been known for many years, it is only recently that the potential significance of PEM as a waterborne pathogen has been appreciated. This publication discusses current knowledge about the distribution of PEM in water and other parts of the environment, the routes of transmission that lead to human infection, the most significant disease symptoms that can follow infection, methods of analysis and detection, the control of PEM in drinking-water and the assessment and management of risks.

Author : National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Water Science and Technology Board,Board on Life Sciences,Committee on Indicators for Waterborne Pathogens
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 329 pages
File Size : 50,5 Mb
Release : 2004-06-19
Category : Nature
ISBN : 9780309091220

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Indicators for Waterborne Pathogens by National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Water Science and Technology Board,Board on Life Sciences,Committee on Indicators for Waterborne Pathogens Pdf

Recent and forecasted advances in microbiology, molecular biology, and analytical chemistry have made it timely to reassess the current paradigm of relying predominantly or exclusively on traditional bacterial indicators for all types of waterborne pathogens. Nonetheless, indicator approaches will still be required for the foreseeable future because it is not practical or feasible to monitor for the complete spectrum of microorganisms that may occur in water, and many known pathogens are difficult to detect directly and reliably in water samples. This comprehensive report recommends the development and use of a "tool box" approach by the U.S Environmental Protection Agency and others for assessing microbial water quality in which available indicator organisms (and/or pathogens in some cases) and detection method(s) are matched to the requirements of a particular application. The report further recommends the use of a phased, three-level monitoring framework to support the selection of indicators and indicator approaches.Â

Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Health and Medicine Division,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Population Health and Public Health Practice,Board on Life Sciences,Water Science and Technology Board,Committee on Management of Legionella in Water Systems
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 291 pages
File Size : 48,9 Mb
Release : 2020-02-20
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780309493857

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Management of Legionella in Water Systems by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Health and Medicine Division,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Population Health and Public Health Practice,Board on Life Sciences,Water Science and Technology Board,Committee on Management of Legionella in Water Systems Pdf

Legionnaires' disease, a pneumonia caused by the Legionella bacterium, is the leading cause of reported waterborne disease outbreaks in the United States. Legionella occur naturally in water from many different environmental sources, but grow rapidly in the warm, stagnant conditions that can be found in engineered water systems such as cooling towers, building plumbing, and hot tubs. Humans are primarily exposed to Legionella through inhalation of contaminated aerosols into the respiratory system. Legionnaires' disease can be fatal, with between 3 and 33 percent of Legionella infections leading to death, and studies show the incidence of Legionnaires' disease in the United States increased five-fold from 2000 to 2017. Management of Legionella in Water Systems reviews the state of science on Legionella contamination of water systems, specifically the ecology and diagnosis. This report explores the process of transmission via water systems, quantification, prevention and control, and policy and training issues that affect the incidence of Legionnaires' disease. It also analyzes existing knowledge gaps and recommends research priorities moving forward.

Author : American Water Works Association
Publisher : American Water Works Association
Page : 352 pages
File Size : 48,8 Mb
Release : 2006
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781583214039

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Waterborne Pathogens by American Water Works Association Pdf

Updated from the 1999 edition, this manual provides critical information regarding waterborne viral, bacterial and parasitic pathogens. Each pathogen is described along with its health effects, and water treatment techniques for destroying the pathogens. Also covered are cross-connection control, dead-end flushing, and hydrant flushing. This manual is intended for water operators, engineers, water quality personnel and students to learn how to monitor, sample and test waters for pathogens, optimize treatment plant performance and maintain high water quality standards. Updated from the 1999 edition, this manual provides critical information regarding waterborne viral, bacterial and parasitic pathogens. Each pathogen is described along with its health effects, and water treatment techniques for destroying the pathogens. Also covered are cross-connection control, dead-end flushing, and hydrant flushing. This manual is intended for water operators, engineers, water quality personnel and students to learn how to monitor, sample and test waters for pathogens, optimize treatment plant performance and maintain high water quality standards.

Author : Helen Bridle
Publisher : Newnes
Page : 416 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 2013-07-13
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9780444595461

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Waterborne Pathogens by Helen Bridle Pdf

This book gives an overview of advanced emerging technologies for the detection of a range of waterborne pathogens. The book will present existing methodology and highlight where improvements can be made, as well as have a strong focus on applications and the ways in which new technology could be applied in water management. Additionally, it addresses issues of sample preparation (from sampling to concentration and enrichment), a key stage in any detection protocol. Covers the gap of specific sound methods of pathogen detection by fulfulling the need for a concept book on the novel technologies for pathogen detection in water Presents all cutting-edge technologies for pathogen detection in water as well as recent emerging technologies Addresses all three types of pathogens; this combined knowledge helps to understand all potential pathogens in water

Author : Institute of Medicine,Board on Global Health,Forum on Microbial Threats
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 328 pages
File Size : 47,6 Mb
Release : 2009-10-25
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780309138727

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Global Issues in Water, Sanitation, and Health by Institute of Medicine,Board on Global Health,Forum on Microbial Threats Pdf

As the human population grows-tripling in the past century while, simultaneously, quadrupling its demand for water-Earth's finite freshwater supplies are increasingly strained, and also increasingly contaminated by domestic, agricultural, and industrial wastes. Today, approximately one-third of the world's population lives in areas with scarce water resources. Nearly one billion people currently lack access to an adequate water supply, and more than twice as many lack access to basic sanitation services. It is projected that by 2025 water scarcity will affect nearly two-thirds of all people on the planet. Recognizing that water availability, water quality, and sanitation are fundamental issues underlying infectious disease emergence and spread, the Institute of Medicine held a two-day public workshop, summarized in this volume. Through invited presentations and discussions, participants explored global and local connections between water, sanitation, and health; the spectrum of water-related disease transmission processes as they inform intervention design; lessons learned from water-related disease outbreaks; vulnerabilities in water and sanitation infrastructure in both industrialized and developing countries; and opportunities to improve water and sanitation infrastructure so as to reduce the risk of water-related infectious disease.

Author : World Health Organization
Publisher : World Health Organization
Page : 18 pages
File Size : 50,5 Mb
Release : 2004
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9789241562737

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Waterborne Zoonoses by World Health Organization Pdf

Zoonoses are infectious diseases that can be transmitted from animals (both wild and domestic) to humans. A significant number of emerging and re-emerging waterborne zoonotic pathogens have been recognised over recent decades, such as SARS, E. coli, campylobacter and cryptosporidium. This publication assesses current knowledge about waterborne zoonoses and identifies strategies and research needs for anticipating and controlling future emerging water-related diseases, in order to better protect the health of both humans and animals. It is based on the discussions of a workshop held in the United States in September 2003, which included 29 experts from 14 countries and diverse disciplines including microbiology, water epidemiology, medicine, sanitary engineering, food safety and regulatory policy.

Author : International Association for Food Protection
Publisher : Springer
Page : 153 pages
File Size : 44,7 Mb
Release : 2016-07-12
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9783319260273

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Procedures to Investigate Waterborne Illness by International Association for Food Protection Pdf

Written by a team of international experts, this third edition designed to guide public health personnel or teams in any country that investigates reports of alleged waterborne illnesses. The manual is based on epidemiologic principles and investigative techniques that have been found effective in determining causal factors of disease incidence. The guidelines are presented in the sequence usually followed during investigations and are organized so that an investigator can easily find the information needed in any phase of an investigation. The book services as a guide to: • Develop a waterborne disease surveillance and emergency operations program • Handle illness alerts and water-related complaints that may be related to illness • Interview ill persons, those at risk, and controls • Develop a case definition • Transport water specimens and clinical specimens • Trace sources of contamination • Identify factors responsible for contamination, survival of pathogenic microorganisms or toxic substances, and/or propagation of pathogens • Collate and interpret collected data • Report information about the outbreak This edition has been extensively updated. A section has been added on water not intended for drinking as a source of illness. The chapter on “collection and analysis of data” has been significantly expanded to explain how data is collected and used to suggest possible vehicles, routes, and agents. The book is designed to improve the quality of investigation of outbreaks and disease surveillance. The International Association for Food Protection is a non-profit association of food safety professionals. Dedicated to the life-long educational needs of its Members, IAFP provides Members with an information network through its two scientific journals (Food Protection Trends and Journal of Food Protection), its educational Annual Meeting, international meetings and symposia along with international interaction between food safety professionals.

Author : Thomas E. Cloete,Joan B. Rose,L. H. Nel,T. Ford
Publisher : IWA Publishing
Page : 245 pages
File Size : 54,9 Mb
Release : 2004-08-31
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781843390558

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Microbial Waterborne Pathogens by Thomas E. Cloete,Joan B. Rose,L. H. Nel,T. Ford Pdf

In the developed world, the connection between water, hygiene and health is taken for granted. However, for the less fortunate majority, access to potable water is non-existent and remains a daily struggle. Bacteria, viruses and parasites in contaminated water cause water borne disease. Of concern are the so-called new emerging pathogens, contributing to water borne disease, one of the biggest human tragedies, killing more than 5 million people each year. About 2.3 billion people suffer from diseases linked to contaminated water and some 6,000 people die daily as a result of this. Some 60% of all infant mortality worldwide is linked to water-related infectious and parasitic diseases. Treating water before use can eliminate most of these waterborne pathogens. The essential starting point is knowledge of the disease-causing organisms, the detection techniques, and the epidemiology, which is the focus of this book. Microbial Waterborne Pathogens provides up-to-date coverage of waterborne microbial pathogens including traditional and emerging pathogens and the latest molecular detection techniques. The link between climate and disease is covered in the book and indicates future approaches to dealing with this important area as we face the effects of global climate change All the existing and emerging pathogens including bacteria, viruses and protozoa are reviewed. The characteristics of each organism are discussed in detail as well as their epidemiology. Methods for the detection of these pathogens, traditional and new are presented. Microbial Waterborne Pathogens provides students, academics and practitioners with a complete reference book on the microbiological quality and safety of potable water.

Author : AWWA Staff
Publisher : American Water Works Association
Page : 352 pages
File Size : 41,7 Mb
Release : 2011-01-12
Category : Pathogenic microorganisms
ISBN : 9781613000250

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Waterborne Pathogens, 2nd Ed. (M48) by AWWA Staff Pdf

Author : Paul Hunter
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 388 pages
File Size : 45,6 Mb
Release : 1997-12-29
Category : Medical
ISBN : 0471966460

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Waterborne Disease by Paul Hunter Pdf

Water borne disease is responsible for millions of deaths worldwide every year. Within both developed and developing countries the demand for clean drinking and bathing water is ever increasing and the control of water borne disease is therefore of extreme importance. The book first addresses the magnitude of the problem, with subsequent chapters on specific diseases including Crytosporidiosis, Schistosomiasis, legionellosis and viral gastrointeritis. Concluding chapters discuss practical control issues such as basic water treatment and the problems of water borne disease control in less developed countries.

Author : World Health Organization
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 22 pages
File Size : 47,8 Mb
Release : 2003-01-01
Category : Communicable diseases
ISBN : 9241590823

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Emerging Issues in Water and Infectious Disease by World Health Organization Pdf

Infectious, water-related diseases are a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. This publication helps to broaden awareness of emerging issued in water and infectious disease and to guide readers to sources of information that deal with these issues in greater depth.

Author : National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Water Science and Technology Board,Board on Life Sciences,Committee on Indicators for Waterborne Pathogens
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 328 pages
File Size : 43,7 Mb
Release : 2004-05-19
Category : Nature
ISBN : 9780309165969

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Indicators for Waterborne Pathogens by National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Water Science and Technology Board,Board on Life Sciences,Committee on Indicators for Waterborne Pathogens Pdf

Recent and forecasted advances in microbiology, molecular biology, and analytical chemistry have made it timely to reassess the current paradigm of relying predominantly or exclusively on traditional bacterial indicators for all types of waterborne pathogens. Nonetheless, indicator approaches will still be required for the foreseeable future because it is not practical or feasible to monitor for the complete spectrum of microorganisms that may occur in water, and many known pathogens are difficult to detect directly and reliably in water samples. This comprehensive report recommends the development and use of a "tool box" approach by the U.S Environmental Protection Agency and others for assessing microbial water quality in which available indicator organisms (and/or pathogens in some cases) and detection method(s) are matched to the requirements of a particular application. The report further recommends the use of a phased, three-level monitoring framework to support the selection of indicators and indicator approaches.Â