What Levels Of Explanation In The Behavioural Sciences

Author : Giuseppe Boccignone,Roberto Cordeschi
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
Page : 93 pages
File Size : 54,7 Mb
Release : 2015-07-03
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9782889195978

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What levels of explanation in the behavioural sciences? by Giuseppe Boccignone,Roberto Cordeschi Pdf

Complex systems are to be seen as typically having multiple levels of organization. For instance, in the behavioural and cognitive sciences, there has been a long lasting trend, promoted by the seminal work of David Marr, putting focus on three distinct levels of analysis: the computational level, accounting for the What and Why issues, the algorithmic and the implementational levels specifying the How problem. However, the tremendous developments in neuroscience knowledge about processes at different scales of organization together with the complexity of today cognitive theories suggest that there will hardly be only three levels of explanation. Instead, there will be many different degrees of commitments corresponding to the different granularities - from high-level (behavioural) models to low-level (neural and molecular) models of the cognitive research program. For instance, Bayesian approaches, that are usually advocated for formalizing Marr's computational level and rational behaviour, have even been adopted to model synaptic plasticity and axon guidance by molecular gradients. As a result, we can consider the behavioural scientist as dealing with models at a multiplicity of levels. The purpose of this Research Topic in Frontiers in Theoretical and Philosophical Psychology is to promote an approach to the role of the levels and explanation and models which is of interest for cognitive scientists, neuroscientists, psychologists, behavioural scientists, and philosophers of science.

Author : Robert Borger
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 520 pages
File Size : 50,9 Mb
Release : 1978
Category : Psychology
ISBN : OCLC:37287260

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Explanation in the Behavioural Sciences by Robert Borger Pdf

Author : Robert Borger,Frank Cioffi
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 532 pages
File Size : 46,5 Mb
Release : 1970-11-02
Category : Science
ISBN : 0521078202

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Explanation in the Behavioural Sciences by Robert Borger,Frank Cioffi Pdf

There are sharp differences among psychologists, sociologists, philosophers and others concerned with the behavioural and social sciences, not simply about the adequacy of particular explanatory systems, but about the very forms of explanation appropriate in this field. The editors have therefore invited a number of distinguished contributors to bring their views into direct confrontation - each chapter takes the form of an exposition, a comment and a final reply by the first author. This volume was first published in 1970.

Author : Jacob Cohen
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 625 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 2013-05-13
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9781134742776

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Statistical Power Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences by Jacob Cohen Pdf

Statistical Power Analysis is a nontechnical guide to power analysis in research planning that provides users of applied statistics with the tools they need for more effective analysis. The Second Edition includes: * a chapter covering power analysis in set correlation and multivariate methods; * a chapter considering effect size, psychometric reliability, and the efficacy of "qualifying" dependent variables and; * expanded power and sample size tables for multiple regression/correlation.

Author : David Sloan Wilson,Steven C. Hayes
Publisher : New Harbinger Publications
Page : 577 pages
File Size : 46,7 Mb
Release : 2018-09-01
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9781626259157

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Evolution and Contextual Behavioral Science by David Sloan Wilson,Steven C. Hayes Pdf

What do evolutionary science and contextual behavioral science have in common? Edited by David Sloan Wilson and Steven C. Hayes, this groundbreaking book offers a glimpse into the histories of these two schools of thought, and provides a sound rationale for their reintegration. Evolutionary science (ES) provides a unifying theoretical framework for the biological sciences, and is increasingly being applied to the human-related sciences. Meanwhile, contextual behavioral science (CBS) seeks to understand the history and function of human behavior in the context of everyday life where behaviors occur, and to influence behavior in a practical sense. This volume seeks to integrate these two bodies of knowledge that have developed largely independently. In Evolution and Contextual Behavioral Science, two renowned experts in their fields argue why ES and CBS are intrinsically linked, as well as why their reintegration—or, reunification—is essential. The main purpose of this book is to continue to move CBS under the umbrella of ES, and to help evolutionary scientists understand how working alongside contextual behavioral scientists can foster both the development of ES principles and their application to practical situations. Rather than the sequential relationship that is typically imagined between these two schools of thought, this volume envisions a parallel relationship between ES and CBS, where science can best influence positive change in the real world.

Author : Mary E. Kite,Bernard E. Whitley, Jr.
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 836 pages
File Size : 43,6 Mb
Release : 2018-05-20
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9781315450063

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Principles of Research in Behavioral Science by Mary E. Kite,Bernard E. Whitley, Jr. Pdf

This book provides a comprehensive overview of research methods in the behavioral sciences, focusing primarily on the conceptual issues inherent in conducting research. It covers topics that are often omitted from other texts, including measurement issues, correlational research, qualitative research, and integrative literature reviews. The book also includes discussions of diversity issues as they related to behavioral science research. New to this edition are chapter boxes that focus on applied issues related to each chapter topic. Throughout the book, readable examples and informative tables and figures are provided. The authors also take a contemporary approach to topics such as research ethics, replication research, and data collection (including internet research).

Author : W. Edward Craighead,Charles B. Nemeroff
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 466 pages
File Size : 49,9 Mb
Release : 2001
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 0471240966

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The Corsini Encyclopedia of Psychology and Behavioral Science, Volume 1 by W. Edward Craighead,Charles B. Nemeroff Pdf

Encyclopedia

Author : Arkady Plotnitsky,Emmanuel Haven
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 387 pages
File Size : 52,6 Mb
Release : 2023-06-27
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783031129865

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The Quantum-Like Revolution by Arkady Plotnitsky,Emmanuel Haven Pdf

Over the last ten years, elements of the formalism of quantum mechanics have been successfully applied beyond physics in areas such as psychology (especially cognition), economics and finance (especially in the formalization of so-called ‘decision making’), political science, and molecular biology. An important stream of work along these lines, commonly under the heading of quantum-like modeling, has been published in well regarded scientific journals, and major publishers have devoted entire books to the topic. This Festschrift honors a key figure in this field of research: Andrei Khrennikov, who made momentous contributions to it and to quantum foundations themselves. While honoring these contributions, and in order to do so, this Festschrift orients its reader toward the future rather than focusing on the past: it addresses future challenges and establishes the way forward in both domains, quantum-like modeling and quantum foundations. A while ago, in response to the developments of using the quantum formalism outside of quantum mechanics, the eminent quantum physicist Anton Zeilinger said, ‘Why should it be precisely the quantum mechanics formalism? Maybe its generalization would be more adequate...’ This volume responds to this statement by both showing the reasons for the continuing importance of quantum formalism and yet also considering pathways to such generalizations. Khrennikov’s work has been indispensable in establishing the great promise of quantum and quantum-like thinking in shaping the future of scientific research across the disciplines.

Author : Fred Nichols Kerlinger
Publisher : Holt McDougal
Page : 360 pages
File Size : 52,7 Mb
Release : 1979
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 0030133319

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Behavioral Research by Fred Nichols Kerlinger Pdf

Author : Bernard E. Whitley,Mary E. Kite,Heather L. Adams
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 778 pages
File Size : 42,5 Mb
Release : 2013
Category : Education
ISBN : 9780415879286

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Principles of Research in Behavioral Science by Bernard E. Whitley,Mary E. Kite,Heather L. Adams Pdf

Intended for beginning graduate or advanced undergraduate students, this book provides a comprehensive review of research methods used in psychology and related disciplines. It covers topics that are often omitted in other texts including correlational and qualitative research and integrative literature reviews. Basic principles are reviewed for those who need a refresher. The focus is on conceptual issues ¿ statistics are kept to a minimum. Featuring examples from all fields of psychology, the book addresses laboratory and field research. Chapters are written to be used independently, so instructors can pick and choose those that fit their course needs. Reorganized to parallel the steps of the research process, tips on writing reports are also provided. Each chapter features an outline, key terms, a summary, and questions and exercises that integrate chapter topics and put theory into practice. A glossary and an annotated list of readings are now included. Extensively updated throughout, the new edition features a new co-author, Mary Kite, and: ¿ New chapters on qualitative research and content analysis and another on integrative literature reviews including meta-analysis, critical techniques for today¿s research environment. ¿ A new chapter on exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis that addresses the use of path analysis and structural equation modeling. ¿ A new chapter on how to write a research report using APA style. ¿ Examples from cross-cultural and multi-cultural research, neuroscience, cognitive, and developmental psychology along with ones from social, industrial, and clinical psychology. ¿ More on Internet research and studies. ¿ Greatly expanded Part 3 on research designs with chapters on true experiments, field research, correlational and single-case designs, content analysis, and survey and qualitative research. ¿ A website with PowerPoint slides for each chapter, a test bank with short answer and multiple choice questions, additional teaching resources, and the tables and figures from the book for Instructor¿s and chapter outlines, suggested readings, and links to related web sites for students. Intended as a text for beginning graduate and/or advanced undergraduate courses in research methods or experimental methods or design taught in psychology, human development, family studies, education, or other social and behavioral sciences, a prerequisite of undergraduate statistics and a beginning research methods course is assumed.

Author : Rudolf N. Cardinal,Michael R.F. Aitken
Publisher : Psychology Press
Page : 493 pages
File Size : 53,8 Mb
Release : 2013-04-15
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9781134814176

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ANOVA for the Behavioral Sciences Researcher by Rudolf N. Cardinal,Michael R.F. Aitken Pdf

This new book provides a theoretical and practical guide to analysis of variance (ANOVA) for those who have not had a formal course in this technique, but need to use this analysis as part of their research. From their experience in teaching this material and applying it to research problems, the authors have created a summary of the statistical theory underlying ANOVA, together with important issues, guidance, practical methods, references, and hints about using statistical software. These have been organized so that the student can learn the logic of the analytical techniques but also use the book as a reference guide to experimental designs, realizing along the way what pitfalls are likely to be encountered.

Author : Robert D. Zettle,Steven C. Hayes,Dermot Barnes-Holmes,Anthony Biglan
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 564 pages
File Size : 52,5 Mb
Release : 2016-01-19
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9781118489567

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The Wiley Handbook of Contextual Behavioral Science by Robert D. Zettle,Steven C. Hayes,Dermot Barnes-Holmes,Anthony Biglan Pdf

The Wiley Handbook of Contextual Behavioral Science describes the philosophical and empirical foundation of the contextual behavioral science movement; it explores the history and goals of CBS, explains its core analytic assumptions, and describes Relational Frame Theory as a research and practice program. This is the first thorough examination of the philosophy, basic science, applied science, and applications of Contextual Behavioral Science Brings together the philosophical and empirical contributions that CBS is making to practical efforts to improve human wellbeing Organized and written in such a way that it can be read in its entirety or on a section-by-section basis, allowing readers to choose how deeply they delve into CBS Extensive coverage of this wide ranging and complex area that encompasses both a rich basic experimental tradition and in-depth clinical application of that experimental knowledge Looks at the development of RFT, and its implications for alleviating human suffering

Author : Leon Festinger,Daniel Katz
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 680 pages
File Size : 52,6 Mb
Release : 1966
Category : Psychology
ISBN : UOM:39015059166994

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Research Methods in the Behavioral Sciences by Leon Festinger,Daniel Katz Pdf

Author : Jennifer Walinga,Charles Stangor
Publisher : Hasanraza Ansari
Page : 810 pages
File Size : 54,6 Mb
Release : 2024-06-30
Category : Body, Mind & Spirit
ISBN : 8210379456XXX

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Introduction to Psychology by Jennifer Walinga,Charles Stangor Pdf

This book is designed to help students organize their thinking about psychology at a conceptual level. The focus on behaviour and empiricism has produced a text that is better organized, has fewer chapters, and is somewhat shorter than many of the leading books. The beginning of each section includes learning objectives; throughout the body of each section are key terms in bold followed by their definitions in italics; key takeaways, and exercises and critical thinking activities end each section.

Author : Susan Michie,Lou Atkins,Robert West
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 329 pages
File Size : 52,5 Mb
Release : 2014-05
Category : Behavior modification
ISBN : 1912141000

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The Behaviour Change Wheel by Susan Michie,Lou Atkins,Robert West Pdf

Designing Interventions' brings together theory-based tools developed in behavioural science to understand and change behaviour to form a step-by-step intervention design manual. This book is for anyone with an interest in changing behaviour regardless of whether they have a background in behavioural science.