What Makes Us Smart

What Makes Us Smart Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle version is available to download in english. Read online anytime anywhere directly from your device. Click on the download button below to get a free pdf file of What Makes Us Smart book. This book definitely worth reading, it is an incredibly well-written.

What Makes Us Smart

Samuel Gershman
What Makes Us Smart Book PDF

Author : Samuel Gershman
Publisher : Princeton University Press
Page : 218 pages
File Size : 51,8 Mb
Release : 2021-10-19
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9780691225999

Get Book

What Makes Us Smart by Samuel Gershman Pdf

How a computational framework can account for the successes and failures of human cognition At the heart of human intelligence rests a fundamental puzzle: How are we incredibly smart and stupid at the same time? No existing machine can match the power and flexibility of human perception, language, and reasoning. Yet, we routinely commit errors that reveal the failures of our thought processes. What Makes Us Smart makes sense of this paradox by arguing that our cognitive errors are not haphazard. Rather, they are the inevitable consequences of a brain optimized for efficient inference and decision making within the constraints of time, energy, and memory—in other words, data and resource limitations. Framing human intelligence in terms of these constraints, Samuel Gershman shows how a deeper computational logic underpins the “stupid” errors of human cognition. Embarking on a journey across psychology, neuroscience, computer science, linguistics, and economics, Gershman presents unifying principles that govern human intelligence. First, inductive bias: any system that makes inferences based on limited data must constrain its hypotheses in some way before observing data. Second, approximation bias: any system that makes inferences and decisions with limited resources must make approximations. Applying these principles to a range of computational errors made by humans, Gershman demonstrates that intelligent systems designed to meet these constraints yield characteristically human errors. Examining how humans make intelligent and maladaptive decisions, What Makes Us Smart delves into the successes and failures of cognition.

What Makes Us Smart

Samuel Gershman
What Makes Us Smart Book PDF

Author : Samuel Gershman
Publisher : Princeton University Press
Page : 218 pages
File Size : 41,7 Mb
Release : 2021-10-19
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9780691205717

Get Book

What Makes Us Smart by Samuel Gershman Pdf

Introduction: are we smart? -- Rational illusions -- Structure and origins of inductive bias -- Learning from others -- Good questions -- How to never be wrong -- Seeing patterns -- Are we consistent? -- Celestial teapots and flying spaghetti monsters -- The frugal brain -- Language design -- The uses of randomness -- Conclusion: what makes us smart.

Things That Make Us Smart

Don Norman
Things That Make Us Smart Book PDF

Author : Don Norman
Publisher : Diversion Books
Page : 388 pages
File Size : 54,5 Mb
Release : 2014-12-02
Category : Design
ISBN : 9781626815377

Get Book

Things That Make Us Smart by Don Norman Pdf

By the author of THE DESIGN OF EVERYDAY THINGS. Insightful and whimsical, profoundly intelligent and easily accessible, Don Norman has been exploring the design of our world for decades, exploring this complex relationship between humans and machines. In this seminal work, fully revised and updated, Norman gives us the first steps towards demanding a person-centered redesign of the machines we use every day. Humans have always worked with objects to extend our cognitive powers, from counting on our fingers to designing massive supercomputers. But advanced technology does more than merely assist with memory—the machines we create begin to shape how we think and, at times, even what we value. In THINGS THAT MAKE US SMART, Donald Norman explores the complex interaction between human thought and the technology it creates, arguing for the development of machines that fit our minds, rather than minds that must conform to the machine.

Simple Heuristics that Make Us Smart

Gerd Gigerenzer,Peter M. Todd,ABC Research Group
Simple Heuristics that Make Us Smart Book PDF

Author : Gerd Gigerenzer,Peter M. Todd,ABC Research Group
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 432 pages
File Size : 47,5 Mb
Release : 2000-10-12
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9780190286767

Get Book

Simple Heuristics that Make Us Smart by Gerd Gigerenzer,Peter M. Todd,ABC Research Group Pdf

Simple Heuristics That Make Us Smart invites readers to embark on a new journey into a land of rationality that differs from the familiar territory of cognitive science and economics. Traditional views of rationality tend to see decision makers as possessing superhuman powers of reason, limitless knowledge, and all of eternity in which to ponder choices. To understand decisions in the real world, we need a different, more psychologically plausible notion of rationality, and this book provides it. It is about fast and frugal heuristics--simple rules for making decisions when time is pressing and deep thought an unaffordable luxury. These heuristics can enable both living organisms and artificial systems to make smart choices, classifications, and predictions by employing bounded rationality. But when and how can such fast and frugal heuristics work? Can judgments based simply on one good reason be as accurate as those based on many reasons? Could less knowledge even lead to systematically better predictions than more knowledge? Simple Heuristics explores these questions, developing computational models of heuristics and testing them through experiments and analyses. It shows how fast and frugal heuristics can produce adaptive decisions in situations as varied as choosing a mate, dividing resources among offspring, predicting high school drop out rates, and playing the stock market. As an interdisciplinary work that is both useful and engaging, this book will appeal to a wide audience. It is ideal for researchers in cognitive psychology, evolutionary psychology, and cognitive science, as well as in economics and artificial intelligence. It will also inspire anyone interested in simply making good decisions.

This Will Make You Smarter

John Brockman
This Will Make You Smarter Book PDF

Author : John Brockman
Publisher : Harper Collins
Page : 448 pages
File Size : 45,8 Mb
Release : 2012-02-14
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9780062109408

Get Book

This Will Make You Smarter by John Brockman Pdf

Featuring a foreword by David Brooks, This Will Make You Smarter presents brilliant—but accessible—ideas to expand every mind. What scientific concept would improve everybody’s cognitive toolkit? This is the question John Brockman, publisher of Edge.org, posed to the world’s most influential thinkers. Their visionary answers flow from the frontiers of psychology, philosophy, economics, physics, sociology, and more. Surprising and enlightening, these insights will revolutionize the way you think about yourself and the world. Contributors include: Daniel Kahneman on the “focusing illusion” Jonah Lehrer on controlling attention Richard Dawkins on experimentation Aubrey De Grey on conquering our fear of the unknown Martin Seligman on the ingredients of well-being Nicholas Carr on managing “cognitive load” Steven Pinker on win-win negotiating Daniel Goleman on understanding our connection to the natural world Matt Ridley on tapping collective intelligence Lisa Randall on effective theorizing Brian Eno on “ecological vision” J. Craig Venter on the multiple possible origins of life Helen Fisher on temperament Sam Harris on the flow of thought Lawrence Krauss on living with uncertainty

You Are Not So Smart

David McRaney
You Are Not So Smart Book PDF

Author : David McRaney
Publisher : Avery
Page : 320 pages
File Size : 43,8 Mb
Release : 2012-11-06
Category : Humor
ISBN : 9781592407361

Get Book

You Are Not So Smart by David McRaney Pdf

Explains how self-delusion is part of a person's psychological defense system, identifying common misconceptions people have on topics such as caffeine withdrawal, hindsight, and brand loyalty.

Bots and Beasts

Paul Thagard
Bots and Beasts Book PDF

Author : Paul Thagard
Publisher : MIT Press
Page : 307 pages
File Size : 43,6 Mb
Release : 2024-04-02
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9780262548540

Get Book

Bots and Beasts by Paul Thagard Pdf

An expert on mind considers how animals and smart machines measure up to human intelligence. Octopuses can open jars to get food, and chimpanzees can plan for the future. An IBM computer named Watson won on Jeopardy! and Alexa knows our favorite songs. But do animals and smart machines really have intelligence comparable to that of humans? In Bots and Beasts, Paul Thagard looks at how computers ("bots") and animals measure up to the minds of people, offering the first systematic comparison of intelligence across machines, animals, and humans. Thagard explains that human intelligence is more than IQ and encompasses such features as problem solving, decision making, and creativity. He uses a checklist of twenty characteristics of human intelligence to evaluate the smartest machines--including Watson, AlphaZero, virtual assistants, and self-driving cars--and the most intelligent animals--including octopuses, dogs, dolphins, bees, and chimpanzees. Neither a romantic enthusiast for nonhuman intelligence nor a skeptical killjoy, Thagard offers a clear assessment. He discusses hotly debated issues about animal intelligence concerning bacterial consciousness, fish pain, and dog jealousy. He evaluates the plausibility of achieving human-level artificial intelligence and considers ethical and policy issues. A full appreciation of human minds reveals that current bots and beasts fall far short of human capabilities.

The Ideal Team Player

Patrick M. Lencioni
The Ideal Team Player Book PDF

Author : Patrick M. Lencioni
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 194 pages
File Size : 55,8 Mb
Release : 2016-04-25
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781119209614

Get Book

The Ideal Team Player by Patrick M. Lencioni Pdf

In his classic book, The Five Dysfunctions of a Team, Patrick Lencioni laid out a groundbreaking approach for tackling the perilous group behaviors that destroy teamwork. Here he turns his focus to the individual, revealing the three indispensable virtues of an ideal team player. In The Ideal Team Player, Lencioni tells the story of Jeff Shanley, a leader desperate to save his uncle’s company by restoring its cultural commitment to teamwork. Jeff must crack the code on the virtues that real team players possess, and then build a culture of hiring and development around those virtues. Beyond the fable, Lencioni presents a practical framework and actionable tools for identifying, hiring, and developing ideal team players. Whether you’re a leader trying to create a culture around teamwork, a staffing professional looking to hire real team players, or a team player wanting to improve yourself, this book will prove to be as useful as it is compelling.

Smarter Than You Think

Clive Thompson
Smarter Than You Think Book PDF

Author : Clive Thompson
Publisher : Penguin
Page : 352 pages
File Size : 43,6 Mb
Release : 2013-09-12
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781101638712

Get Book

Smarter Than You Think by Clive Thompson Pdf

A revelatory and timely look at how technology boosts our cognitive abilities—making us smarter, more productive, and more creative than ever It’s undeniable—technology is changing the way we think. But is it for the better? Amid a chorus of doomsayers, Clive Thompson delivers a resounding “yes.” In Smarter Than You Think, Thompson shows that every technological innovation—from the written word to the printing press to the telegraph—has provoked the very same anxieties that plague us today. We panic that life will never be the same, that our attentions are eroding, that culture is being trivialized. But, as in the past, we adapt—learning to use the new and retaining what is good of the old. Smarter Than You Think embraces and extols this transformation, presenting an exciting vision of the present and the future.

Sleep and Learning

Gary R. Plaford
Sleep and Learning Book PDF

Author : Gary R. Plaford
Publisher : R&L Education
Page : 130 pages
File Size : 47,8 Mb
Release : 2009-06-16
Category : Education
ISBN : 9781607090939

Get Book

Sleep and Learning by Gary R. Plaford Pdf

The gradual and cumulative sleep deprivation that many students endure not only makes them too tired to focus well but also hampers memory consolidation and motivation. If we really want to improve school performance and graduation rates, we cannot afford to overlook something as basic and critical as sleep. Additionally, if we want to make an impact on both the physical and mental health of individuals in our society (which impacts mortality rates, health care, health insurance rates, the aging process, etc.), we need to begin by educating our youth about the relevance of sleep.

Mindset

Carol S. Dweck
Mindset Book PDF

Author : Carol S. Dweck
Publisher : Ballantine Books
Page : 322 pages
File Size : 54,7 Mb
Release : 2007-12-26
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9780345472328

Get Book

Mindset by Carol S. Dweck Pdf

From the renowned psychologist who introduced the world to “growth mindset” comes this updated edition of the million-copy bestseller—featuring transformative insights into redefining success, building lifelong resilience, and supercharging self-improvement. “Through clever research studies and engaging writing, Dweck illuminates how our beliefs about our capabilities exert tremendous influence on how we learn and which paths we take in life.”—Bill Gates, GatesNotes “It’s not always the people who start out the smartest who end up the smartest.” After decades of research, world-renowned Stanford University psychologist Carol S. Dweck, Ph.D., discovered a simple but groundbreaking idea: the power of mindset. In this brilliant book, she shows how success in school, work, sports, the arts, and almost every area of human endeavor can be dramatically influenced by how we think about our talents and abilities. People with a fixed mindset—those who believe that abilities are fixed—are less likely to flourish than those with a growth mindset—those who believe that abilities can be developed. Mindset reveals how great parents, teachers, managers, and athletes can put this idea to use to foster outstanding accomplishment. In this edition, Dweck offers new insights into her now famous and broadly embraced concept. She introduces a phenomenon she calls false growth mindset and guides people toward adopting a deeper, truer growth mindset. She also expands the mindset concept beyond the individual, applying it to the cultures of groups and organizations. With the right mindset, you can motivate those you lead, teach, and love—to transform their lives and your own.

Make It Stick

Peter C. Brown,Henry L. Roediger III,Mark A. McDaniel
Make It Stick Book PDF

Author : Peter C. Brown,Henry L. Roediger III,Mark A. McDaniel
Publisher : Harvard University Press
Page : 330 pages
File Size : 45,7 Mb
Release : 2014-04-14
Category : Education
ISBN : 9780674729018

Get Book

Make It Stick by Peter C. Brown,Henry L. Roediger III,Mark A. McDaniel Pdf

Discusses the best methods of learning, describing how rereading and rote repetition are counterproductive and how such techniques as self-testing, spaced retrieval, and finding additional layers of information in new material can enhance learning.

Smart but Scattered

Peg Dawson,Richard Guare
Smart but Scattered Book PDF

Author : Peg Dawson,Richard Guare
Publisher : Guilford Press
Page : 321 pages
File Size : 51,7 Mb
Release : 2011-11-30
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9781606238806

Get Book

Smart but Scattered by Peg Dawson,Richard Guare Pdf

There's nothing more frustrating than watching your bright, talented son or daughter struggle with everyday tasks like finishing homework, putting away toys, or following instructions at school. Your "smart but scattered" 4- to 13-year-old might also have trouble coping with disappointment or managing anger. Drs. Peg Dawson and Richard Guare have great news: there's a lot you can do to help. The latest research in child development shows that many kids who have the brain and heart to succeed lack or lag behind in crucial "executive skills"--the fundamental habits of mind required for getting organized, staying focused, and controlling impulses and emotions. Learn easy-to-follow steps to identify your child's strengths and weaknesses, use activities and techniques proven to boost specific skills, and problem-solve daily routines. Helpful worksheets and forms can be downloaded and printed in a convenient 8 1/2" x 11" size. Small changes can add up to big improvements--this empowering book shows how. See also the authors' Smart but Scattered Teens and their self-help guide for adults. Plus, an academic planner for middle and high school students and related titles for professionals.

Are We Smart Enough to Know How Smart Animals Are?

Frans de Waal
Are We Smart Enough to Know How Smart Animals Are Book PDF

Author : Frans de Waal
Publisher : W. W. Norton & Company
Page : 320 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 2016-04-25
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780393246193

Get Book

Are We Smart Enough to Know How Smart Animals Are? by Frans de Waal Pdf

A New York Times bestseller: "A passionate and convincing case for the sophistication of nonhuman minds." —Alison Gopnik, The Atlantic Hailed as a classic, Are We Smart Enough to Know How Smart Animals Are? explores the oddities and complexities of animal cognition—in crows, dolphins, parrots, sheep, wasps, bats, chimpanzees, and bonobos—to reveal how smart animals really are, and how we’ve underestimated their abilities for too long. Did you know that octopuses use coconut shells as tools, that elephants classify humans by gender and language, and that there is a young male chimpanzee at Kyoto University whose flash memory puts that of humans to shame? Fascinating, entertaining, and deeply informed, de Waal’s landmark work will convince you to rethink everything you thought you knew about animal—and human—intelligence.

The Age of Spiritual Machines

Ray Kurzweil
The Age of Spiritual Machines Book PDF

Author : Ray Kurzweil
Publisher : Penguin
Page : 400 pages
File Size : 49,7 Mb
Release : 2000-01-01
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9781101077887

Get Book

The Age of Spiritual Machines by Ray Kurzweil Pdf

Ray Kurzweil is the inventor of the most innovative and compelling technology of our era, an international authority on artificial intelligence, and one of our greatest living visionaries. Now he offers a framework for envisioning the twenty-first century--an age in which the marriage of human sensitivity and artificial intelligence fundamentally alters and improves the way we live. Kurzweil's prophetic blueprint for the future takes us through the advances that inexorably result in computers exceeding the memory capacity and computational ability of the human brain by the year 2020 (with human-level capabilities not far behind); in relationships with automated personalities who will be our teachers, companions, and lovers; and in information fed straight into our brains along direct neural pathways. Optimistic and challenging, thought-provoking and engaging, The Age of Spiritual Machines is the ultimate guide on our road into the next century.