Why Agriculture Productivity Falls

Author : Rashed Al Mahmud Titumir
Publisher : Purdue University Press
Page : 171 pages
File Size : 52,6 Mb
Release : 2023-06-15
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781612498348

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Why Agriculture Productivity Falls by Rashed Al Mahmud Titumir Pdf

Why Agriculture Productivity Falls: The Political Economy of Agrarian Transition in Developing Countries offers a new explanation for the decline in agricultural productivity in developing countries. Transcending the conventional approaches to understanding productivity using agricultural inputs and factors of production, this work brings in the role of formal and informal institutions that govern transactions, property rights, and accumulation. This more robust methodology leads to a comprehensive, well-balanced lens to perceive agrarian transition in developing countries. It argues that the existing process of accumulation has resulted in nonsustainable agriculture because of market failures—the result of asymmetries of power, diseconomies of scale, and unstable property rights. The book covers the historical shifts in land relations, productivity, and class relations that have led to present-day challenges in sustainability. The result is arrested productivity growth. Agrarian transition should be understood in the context of the wider economic development in society, including how political settlement and primitive accumulation inhibited the kind of property rights that encourage growth. Why Agriculture Productivity Falls is a much-needed corrective to the traditional understanding, because before we can increase productivity, we must understand the root causes of those challenges.

Author : Sun Ling Wang,Paul W. Heisey,David Schimmelpfennig,V. Eldon Ball
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 72 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 2015
Category : Agricultural productivity
ISBN : OCLC:915150891

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Agricultural Productivity Growth in the United States by Sun Ling Wang,Paul W. Heisey,David Schimmelpfennig,V. Eldon Ball Pdf

U.S. agricultural output more than doubled between 1948 and 2011, with growth averaging 1.49 percent per year. With little growth in total measured use of agricultural inputs, the extraordinary performance of the U.S. farm sector was driven mainly by increases in total factor productivity (TFP--measured as output per unit of aggregate input). Over the last six decades, the mix of agricultural inputs used shifted significantly, with increased use of intermediate goods (e.g., fertilizer and pesticides) and less use of labor and land. The output mix changed as well, with crop production growing faster than livestock production. Based on econometric analysis of updated (1948-2011) TFP data, this study finds no statistical evidence that longrun U.S. agricultural productivity has slowed over time. Model-based projections show that in the future, slow growth in research and development investments may have only minor effects on TFP growth over the next 10 years but will slow TFP growth much more over the long term.

Author : Graham Dyer
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 246 pages
File Size : 54,5 Mb
Release : 2014-03-05
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781135211899

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Class, State and Agricultural Productivity in Egypt by Graham Dyer Pdf

The inverse relationship between farm size and productivity is accepted as a "stylized fact" of agriculture in developing countries. This study uses Egyptian fieldwork data to examine factors creating this relationship, and the impact of economic and technological change on the relationship.

Author : Martin, Will
Publisher : Intl Food Policy Res Inst
Page : 39 pages
File Size : 48,9 Mb
Release : 2021-11-24
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 8210379456XXX

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Impacts of agricultural investments on growth and poverty: A review of literature by Martin, Will Pdf

Agricultural development is crucial in developing countries, and particularly in the poorest countries where it accounts for large shares of employment and income and whose poverty is due simply to having a large share of the workforce in low-productivity agriculture. Raising productivity in agriculture is critically important for development, as is smoothly moving workers out of agriculture into more productive employment in other sectors. Raising agricultural productivity helps both to raise incomes and to reduce poverty-both by raising the incomes of poor people working in agriculture and by lowering the prices of foods that make up a disproportionately large share of the expenditures of poor people. In small and open economies, the in-crease in profitability of agriculture following improvements in productivity might tend to retain or even attract workers into agriculture. By contrast, at a global level, or at national level when policy focusses on self-sufficiency, improvements in agricultural productivity will free up labor for employment in other sectors. Incomes are generally much higher in non-agricultural work in developing countries-more than double those in agriculture after careful adjustment for key differences. This raises the possibility of a double dividend from structural transformation as workers move into higher-productivity activities. A key question for development policy is whether it is enough to simply evaluate the gains from higher productivity within agriculture, or whether potential benefits from structural change be included as well. This paper examines the arguments on this question. It concludes that these dividends may be substantial-but whether they are or not depends on the source of the initial differences in productivity and on the direction of movement when agricultural productivity rises. If it results from policy barriers such as restrictions on the transfer of farmland or requirements for residence permits in urban areas, there are likely to be substantial welfare gains when labor moves out of agriculture. They may also be substantial if urban wages are artificially high and attract substantial numbers of job-waiters into unemployment. However, these gains may be illusory if the income gaps arise primarily from differences in skills or from reluctance to move created by asset fixity.

Author : Bazyli Czyżewski,Łukasz Kryszak
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 264 pages
File Size : 49,9 Mb
Release : 2022-09-27
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9783031097966

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Sustainable Agriculture Policies for Human Well-Being by Bazyli Czyżewski,Łukasz Kryszak Pdf

This book deals with the important topic of policies for sustainable agriculture, since food insecurity is a growing concern for policy makers and will affect the quality of life and well-being of generations to come. The authors provide a theoretical background to the concept of sustainable agriculture including its recent developments; monitor the current state of sustainability in agriculture in different regions of the world; and evaluate current agricultural policies to propose new solutions. They show practical ways of sustainability measurement that could be applied to different regions. The book takes into account sustainability indicators based on economic, social and environmental aspects and discusses the trade-offs between these three dimensions. It also answers the question of whether current agricultural policies contribute to balancing between the goals of agriculture---that of not just providing food but of contributing to the greater good---and how policies differ and have evolved across the world. Finally, it puts together the best practices of sustainability for the use of policymakers. The book pays particular attention to least developed countries where hunger and malnutrition are high, but where productivity should not come at the expense of environmental and social goals. This book is of use to a wide readership of policy makers, professionals and academics in the social and environmental sciences interested in the improvement of human life through sustainable agricultural policy implementation.

Author : Taylor J. Edward,Yúnes-Naude Antonio
Publisher : OECD Publishing
Page : 98 pages
File Size : 53,6 Mb
Release : 1999-04-26
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9789264172852

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Development Centre Studies Education, Migration and Productivity An Analytic Approach and Evidence from Rural Mexico by Taylor J. Edward,Yúnes-Naude Antonio Pdf

This book challenges the assumption that the major benefits of investment in rural education accrue to traditional agricultural activities, such as staples production.

Author : Keith Daniel Wiebe
Publisher : Edward Elgar Publishing
Page : 478 pages
File Size : 41,5 Mb
Release : 2003-01-01
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 1781956979

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Land Quality, Agricultural Productivity, and Food Security by Keith Daniel Wiebe Pdf

'Action is needed to fight poverty by sustaining the environment and the use of natural resources. Land Quality, Agricultural Productivity, and Food Security explores a range of factors driving food security. The book offers an assessment to link quality of the available land resources with productivity of land and the ability to ensure food security. It offers a mixture of broad-scale assessments across the globe, with detailed case studies, deepening our understanding of economics and decision-making mechanisms. It is recommended to researchers, as well as actors in the private and public domain, who are keen to improve their understanding of the appropriate actions that ensure food security in the decade to come.' - Floor Brouwer, Agricultural Economics Research Institute (LEI), The Hague, The Netherlands Land quality and land degradation affect agricultural productivity and food security, but quantifying these relationships has been difficult. Data are extremely limited and outcomes are sensitive to the choices that farmers make. The contributors to this book - including soil scientists, geographers, and economists - analyse data on soils, climate, land cover, agricultural inputs and outputs, and a variety of socio-economic factors to provide new insights into three key issues: * the extent to which differences in land quality generate differences in agricultural productivity across countries * how farmers' responses to differences or changes in land quality are influenced by economic, environmental, and institutional factors, and * whether land degradation over time threatens productivity growth and food security at local, regional, and global levels.

Author : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Science and Technology. Subcommittee on Natural Resources and Environment
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 556 pages
File Size : 47,9 Mb
Release : 1980
Category : Agricultural ecology
ISBN : MINN:31951D002856161

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Agricultural Productivity and Environmental Quality by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Science and Technology. Subcommittee on Natural Resources and Environment Pdf

Author : United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry. Subcommittee on Agricultural Research and General Legislation
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 280 pages
File Size : 51,5 Mb
Release : 1984
Category : Agricultural innovations
ISBN : UCR:31210024920728

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Agricultural Productivity Act of 1983 by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry. Subcommittee on Agricultural Research and General Legislation Pdf

Author : A.P. Thirlwall
Publisher : Springer
Page : 443 pages
File Size : 46,6 Mb
Release : 1989-03-23
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781349198375

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Growth and Development by A.P. Thirlwall Pdf

This revised edition includes new material on foreign assistance and debt and has updated statistics and the institutional material. The book aims to provide students with an understanding of the theory and practice of economic development.

Author : Agnes C. Rola,Prabhu L. Pingali
Publisher : IRRI CABI
Page : 108 pages
File Size : 47,7 Mb
Release : 1993
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9789712200373

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Pesticides, Rice Productivity, and Farmers' Health by Agnes C. Rola,Prabhu L. Pingali Pdf

Introduction and overview of conclusions; Pest-related yield losses in rice: reality and perceptions; Crop protection technologies; A profile of pesticide use for rice; Choice of crop protection technologies under risk: an expected utility maximization framework; Pesticide exposure, farmers' health, and choice of pest control technologies; IPM implementation in the Philippines: a policy overview; Regulating pesticide use in Philippine agricultural production: some policy considerations.

Author : Asit K. Biswas,Cecilia Tortajada
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 393 pages
File Size : 43,6 Mb
Release : 2021-09-28
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789811654930

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Water Security Under Climate Change by Asit K. Biswas,Cecilia Tortajada Pdf

This book highlights the likely impacts of climate change in terms of global and national water securities, how different countries are attempting to address these complex problems and to what extent they are likely to succeed. A major global concern at present, especially after the social and economic havoc that has been caused by COVID-19 in only one year, is how we can return to earlier levels of economic development patterns and then further improve the process so that sustainable development goals are reached to the extent possible by 2030, in both developed and developing countries. Mankind is now facing two existential problems over the next several decades. These are climate change and whether the world will have access to enough water to meet all its food, energy, environment and health needs. Much of expected climate change impacts can be seen through the lens of extreme hydrological events, like droughts, floods and other extreme hydrometeorological events. Chapter 7 is available open access under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License via link.springer.com.Chapter 12 is available open access under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License via link.springer.com.

Author : A. Kumar
Publisher : Sarup & Sons
Page : 348 pages
File Size : 54,9 Mb
Release : 2001
Category : Agriculture
ISBN : 8176252123

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Indian Agriculture by A. Kumar Pdf

Author : A.P. Thirlwall,Penélope Pacheco-López
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
Page : 681 pages
File Size : 43,8 Mb
Release : 2017-09-16
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781350306134

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Economics of Development by A.P. Thirlwall,Penélope Pacheco-López Pdf

This classic, bestselling textbook provides a comprehensive introduction to the field of development economics. The 10th edition of Tony Thirlwall's book, now co-written with Penélope Pacheco-López, provides a clear, comprehensive and rigorous introduction to the theory of development economics and the experience of developing countries. Balancing a historic approach with current data and references, it provides a wide-ranging analysis of the subject. This all-inclusive methodology succeeds at representing different schools of thought with a balance of micro and macro topics. An ideal textbook for undergraduate students of economics and other social sciences, it is also suitable for upper undergraduate and master's level modules on development economics as an option on a non-economics degree. New to this Edition: - A brand new chapter on human capital:education, nutrition, health, and therole of women in development - New material on the Sustainable Development Goals, the measurementof poverty, and the multidimensional poverty index - Discussion of randomized control trials - The role of structural change in economic development - New IMF lending facilities

Author : Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
Publisher : Food & Agriculture Org.
Page : 328 pages
File Size : 48,9 Mb
Release : 2002-07-30
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 925104600X

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The State of Food and Agriculture 2001 by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Pdf

This year's special section (Part 3) entitled 'Economic impacts of transboundary plant pests and animal diseases'.