Wood Characteristics

Author : Christoph Richter
Publisher : Springer
Page : 222 pages
File Size : 46,5 Mb
Release : 2014-11-10
Category : Nature
ISBN : 9783319074221

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Wood Characteristics by Christoph Richter Pdf

This book offers a broad range of options for technically adapting, handling and processing wood with specific wood characteristics. It starts by discussing wood anatomy and the general factors leading to the formation of wood characteristics. The individual characteristics are then categorized into four groups: 1. Wood characteristics inherent in a tree’s natural growth. 2. Biotically-induced wood characteristics. 3. Abiotically-induced wood characteristics. 4. Types and causes of cracks. New to this English edition is a comparison of wood characteristics found in trees from the boreal, temperate and tropical climate zones. The results show a clear relationship between the effects of sunshine duration, the vertical and horizontal angle of radiation, and crown coverage and the way wood characteristics form. The book addresses all those who work with wood professionally: foresters, gardeners and arborists who want to be able to observe a living tree and identify its internal features and the causes of its prominent wood characteristics. Based on the findings described in this book they can determine how to avoid certain undesirable characteristics, or alternatively how to promote favorable ones as the tree and stand grow. Botanists and dendrologists will learn how wood characteristics arise, and how they affect living trees and wood products. The needs of wood technologists seeking to prevent adverse wood characteristics from influencing wood processing, or to enhance favorable wood characteristics, are also addressed.

Author : Fred M. Lamb
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 20 pages
File Size : 54,7 Mb
Release : 1967
Category : Aspen
ISBN : MINN:31951D03001460S

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Aspen Wood Characteristics, Properties, and Uses by Fred M. Lamb Pdf

Author : Fred F. Rudder
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 526 pages
File Size : 54,7 Mb
Release : 1985
Category : Sound
ISBN : STANFORD:36105119571318

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Airborne Sound Transmission Loss Characteristics of Wood-frame Construction by Fred F. Rudder Pdf

Author : John Francis Lutz
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 38 pages
File Size : 53,9 Mb
Release : 1971
Category : Veneers and veneering
ISBN : MINN:31951D029421220

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Wood and Log Characteristics Affecting Veneer Production by John Francis Lutz Pdf

Author : Forest Products Laboratory (U.S.)
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 68 pages
File Size : 54,6 Mb
Release : 1966
Category : Strains and stresses
ISBN : MINN:31951D02987070G

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Surface Characteristics of Wood as They Affect Durability of Finishes by Forest Products Laboratory (U.S.) Pdf

Author : Herbert W. Eickner
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 10 pages
File Size : 45,6 Mb
Release : 1942
Category : Glue
ISBN : UFL:31262089254253

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The Gluing Characteristics of 15 Species of Wood with Cold-setting, Urea-resin Glues by Herbert W. Eickner Pdf

Author : Miha Humar
Publisher : MDPI
Page : 350 pages
File Size : 55,7 Mb
Release : 2020-05-23
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9783039288212

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Wood Properties and Processing by Miha Humar Pdf

Wood-based materials are CO2-neutral, renewable, and considered to be environmentally friendly. The huge variety of wood species and wood-based composites allows a wide scope of creative and esthetic alternatives to materials with higher environmental impacts during production, use and disposal. Quality of wood is influenced by the genetic and environmental factors. One of the emerging uses of wood are building and construction applications. Modern building and construction practices would not be possible without use of wood or wood-based composites. The use of composites enables using wood of lower quality for the production of materials with engineered properties for specific target applications. Even more, the utilization of such reinforcing particles as carbon nanotubes and nanocellulose enables development of a new generation of composites with even better properties. The positive aspect of decomposability of waste wood can turn into the opposite when wood or wood-based materials are exposed to weathering, moisture oscillations, different discolorations, and degrading organisms. Protective measures are therefore unavoidable for many outdoor applications. Resistance of wood against different aging factors is always a combined effect of toxic or inhibiting ingredients on the one hand, and of structural, anatomical, or chemical ways of excluding moisture on the other.

Author : Fritz H. Schweingruber
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 410 pages
File Size : 54,5 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9783642771576

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Trees and Wood in Dendrochronology by Fritz H. Schweingruber Pdf

The science of dendrochronology has grown significantly in the past 20 years. In the 1950s and 1960s, interest in the subject was limited to only a handful of scientists who perceived in dendrochronology a "l'art pour l'art". Today, however, specialists from many different fields recognize and are pursuing the problems of dendrochronology. Tree-ring research has acquired a permanent role in the various sciences of archeology, history, geology, ecology, and climatology. The founders of dendrochronology themselves were of varied scientific backgrounds and interests. For example, A. E. Douglass in the United States was an astronomer, B. Huber in Germany a forest-biologist, and F. N. Shvedov in Russia a climatologist. Today the spectrum is even broader. Many den drochronologists are authorities in mathematics, archeology, history, forestry, botany, wood technology, ecology geography, geology, etc. It is, therefore, understandable that it has become almost impossible for one individual to encompass the entire field. Bitvinskas (1974), Fritts (1976), Schweingruber (1983), and Mitsutani (1990) have attempted, each guided by his own interests, to provide at least an overview of the field. Recently, individual aspects have been presented by groups of authors in books edited by Fletscher (1978), Hughes et al. (1982), Jacoby and Hornbeck (1987) and Bradley and Jones (1992). It is very likely that in the future summaries covering each branch of dendrochronology will be published.

Author : Jack Price
Publisher : Fox Chapel Publishing
Page : 184 pages
File Size : 45,5 Mb
Release : 2020-10-01
Category : Crafts & Hobbies
ISBN : 9781607657101

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Carving Small Characters in Wood by Jack Price Pdf

Making tedious wood carving techniques more approachable, Carving Small Characters in Wood offers simple methods in a smaller format to carve compact caricatures with personality. With step-by-step directions and photography, you’ll be able to learn and appreciate this form of miniature character wood carving. Starting off with basic lessons then slowly progressing into greater, more detailed challenges, author and renowned caricature woodcarver Jack Price is the leading voice to learn from on how to carve small statuettes!

Author : Filibert Roth
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 100 pages
File Size : 44,7 Mb
Release : 1895
Category : Botany
ISBN : HARVARD:32044102822491

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Timber by Filibert Roth Pdf

"I have the honor to transmit herewith for publication a brief but comprehensive discussion of the characteristics and properties of wood in general and of our American timbers in particular, which it is hoped may be useful to engineers, architects, carpenters, lumbermen, and all wood workers. The paper was prepared by Mr. Filibert Roth, in charge of the investigations in timber physics. Although much of the information contained in this bulletin exists in the experience of practical woodworkers and in books in other languages, it has never before been published in English is systematic and accessible form and with special application to American timbers. Such a publication can not, of course, exhaust any part of this great subject. It is desired that it may be followed by a more elaborate treatise when additional knowledge has been gained through the investigations now in progress. The information it contains is largely based on actual experiment and scientific observation, and will, it is hoped, not only explain the experiences of the practical worker with his material, but will remove erroneous notions, and thus aid in improving the practice and lead to a more rational use of our forest resources."--Letter of Transmittal, Page [i].

Author : Grigoriy I. Torgovnikov
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 208 pages
File Size : 54,9 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9783642774539

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Dielectric Properties of Wood and Wood-Based Materials by Grigoriy I. Torgovnikov Pdf

Provided here is a comprehensive treatise on all aspects of dielectric properties of wood and wood products. The topics covered include: Interaction between electromagnetic field and wood. - Wood composition and dielectric properties of its components. - Measurement of dielectric parameters of wood.- Dielectric properties of oven-dry wood. - Dielectric properties of moist wood. - Effect of different kinds of treatment on dielectric properties of wood. - Dielectric properties of bark. - Dielectric properties of wood-based materials. - Recommendations for determination of dielectric parameters of wood based materials and for their use in calculations. Several appendices comprise reference data onthe dielectric characteristics of wood and wood-based materials in the wide range of frequencies, temperatures, and moisture content.

Author : Ratikanta Maiti,Humberto Gonzalez Rodriguez,Natalya Sergeevna Ivanova
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 383 pages
File Size : 52,9 Mb
Release : 2016-05-23
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781119104445

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Autoecology and Ecophysiology of Woody Shrubs and Trees by Ratikanta Maiti,Humberto Gonzalez Rodriguez,Natalya Sergeevna Ivanova Pdf

Forest trees and shrubs play vital ecological roles, reducing the carbon load from the atmosphere by using carbon dioxide in photosynthesis and by the storage of carbon in biomass and wood as a source of energy. Autoecology deals with all aspects of woody plants; the dynamism of populations, physiological traits of trees, light requirements, life history patterns, and physiological and morphological characters. Ecophysiology is defined by various plant growth parameters such as leaf traits, xylem water potential, plant height, basal diameter, and crown architecture which are, in turn, influenced by physiological traits and environmental conditions in the forest ecosystem. In short, this book details research advances in various aspects of woody plants to help forest scientists and foresters manage and protect forest trees and plan their future research. Autoecology and Ecophysiology of Woody Shrubs and Trees is intended to be a guide for students of woody plant autoecology and ecophysiology, as well as for researchers in this field. It is also an invaluable resource for foresters to assist in effective management of forest resources.

Author : R. N. Kumar,A. Pizzi
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 450 pages
File Size : 40,9 Mb
Release : 2019-07-16
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781119605669

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Adhesives for Wood and Lignocellulosic Materials by R. N. Kumar,A. Pizzi Pdf

A unique and ground-breaking book from two leading specialists on adhesion and adhesives for wood and lignocellulosic materials The book is a comprehensive treatment covering a wide range of subjects uniquely available in a single source for the first time. A material science approach has been adopted in dealing with wood adhesion and adhesives. The approach of the authors is to bring out hierarchical cellular and porous characteristics of wood with polymeric cell wall structure, along with the associated non-cell wall extractives, which greatly influence the interaction of wood substrate with polymeric adhesives in a very unique manner not existent in the case of other adherends. Environmental aspects, in particular formaldehyde emission from adhesive bonded wood products, has been included. A significant feature of the book is the inclusion of polymeric matrix materials for wood polymer composites.

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 704 pages
File Size : 54,8 Mb
Release : 1892
Category : Forests and forestry
ISBN : UCAL:$C8494

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Pamphlets on Forestry by Anonim Pdf

Author : John W. Rowe
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 1275 pages
File Size : 42,6 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783642740756

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Natural Products of Woody Plants by John W. Rowe Pdf

Wood as found in trees and bushes was of primary importance to ancient humans in their struggle to control their environment. Subsequent evolution through the Bronze and Iron Ages up to our present technologically advanced society has hardly diminished the importance of wood. Today, its role as a source of paper products, furniture, building materials, and fuel is still of major significance. Wood consists of a mixture of polymers, often referred to as lignocellulose. The cellulose micro fibrils consist of an immensely strong, linear polymer of glucose. They are associated with smaller, more complex polymers composed of various sugars called hemicelluloses. These polysaccharides are embedded in an amorphous phenylpropane polymer, lignin, creating a remarkably strong com posite structure, the lignocellulosic cell wall. Wood also contains materials that are largely extraneous to this lignocellulosic cell wall. These extracellular substances can range from less than 1070 to about 35% of the dry weight of the wood, but the usual range is 2% -10%. Among these components are the mineral constituents, salts of calcium, potassium, sodium, and other metals, particularly those present in the soil where the tree is growing. Some of the extraneous components of wood are too insoluble to be ex tracted by inert solvents and remain to give extractive-free wood its color; very often these are high-molecular-weight polyphenolics.