A Century Of Ecosystem Science

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A Century of Ecosystem Science

National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology,Polar Research Board,Committee to Review the Gulf of Alaska Ecosystem Monitoring Program
A Century of Ecosystem Science Book PDF

Author : National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology,Polar Research Board,Committee to Review the Gulf of Alaska Ecosystem Monitoring Program
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 108 pages
File Size : 45,7 Mb
Release : 2002-07-29
Category : Science
ISBN : 0309169224

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A Century of Ecosystem Science by National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology,Polar Research Board,Committee to Review the Gulf of Alaska Ecosystem Monitoring Program Pdf

This report provides guidance to the Gulf Ecosystem Monitoring (GEM) program to help ensure that it is based on a a science plan that is robust, far-reaching, and scientifically sound. The report commends the Trustee Council for its foresight in setting aside funds to create a trust fund to provide long-term research support; it notes that the GEM program offers an unparalleled opportunity to increase understanding of how large marine ecosystems function and change over time. The report outlines elements of a sound long-term science plan, including conceptual foundation, scope and geographic focus, organizational structure, community involvement, data and information management, and synthesis, modeling, and evaluation.

Creating a Forestry for the 21st Century

Kathryn A. Kohm,Jerry F. Franklin
Creating a Forestry for the 21st Century Book PDF

Author : Kathryn A. Kohm,Jerry F. Franklin
Publisher : Island Press
Page : 516 pages
File Size : 52,5 Mb
Release : 1997
Category : Science
ISBN : 1610913922

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Creating a Forestry for the 21st Century by Kathryn A. Kohm,Jerry F. Franklin Pdf

Over the past decade, a sea change has occurred in the field of forestry. A vastly increased understanding of how ecological systems function has transformed the science from one focused on simplifying systems, producing wood, and managing at the stand-level to one concerned with understanding and managing complexity, providing a wide range of ecological goods and services, and managing across broad landscapes.Creating a Forestry for the 21st Century is an authoritative and multidisciplinary examination of the current state of forestry and its relation to the emergent field of ecosystem management. Drawing upon the expertise of top professionals in the field, it provides an up-to-date synthesis of principles of ecosystem management and their implications for forest policy. Leading scientists, including Malcolm Hunter, Jr., Bruce G. Marcot, James K. Agee, Thomas R. Crow, Robert J. Naiman, John C. Gordon, R.W. Behan, Steven L. Yaffee, and many others examine topics that are central to the future of forestry: new understandings of ecological processes and principles, from stand structure and function to disturbance processes and the movement of organisms across landscapes challenges to long-held assumptions: the rationale for clearcutting, the wisdom of short rotations, the exclusion of fire traditional tools in light of expanded goals for forest landscapes managing at larger spatial scales, including practical information and ideas for managing large landscapes over long time periods the economic, organizational, and political issues that are critical to implementing successful ecosystem management and developing institutions to transform knowledge into action Featuring a 16-page center section with color photographs that illustrate some of the best on-the-ground examples of ecosystem management from around the world, Creating a Forestry for the 21st Century is the definitive text on managing ecosystems. It provides a compelling case for thinking creatively beyond the bounds of traditional forest resource management, and will be essential reading for students; scientists working in state, federal, and private research institutions; public and private forest managers; staff members of environmental/conservation organizations; and policymakers.

Methods in Ecosystem Science

Osvaldo E. Sala,Robert B. Jackson,Harold A. Mooney,Robert W. Howarth
Methods in Ecosystem Science Book PDF

Author : Osvaldo E. Sala,Robert B. Jackson,Harold A. Mooney,Robert W. Howarth
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 441 pages
File Size : 54,6 Mb
Release : 2013-12-01
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781461212249

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Methods in Ecosystem Science by Osvaldo E. Sala,Robert B. Jackson,Harold A. Mooney,Robert W. Howarth Pdf

Ecology at the ecosystem level has both necessitated and benefited from new methods and technologies as well as those adapted from other disciplines. With the ascendancy of ecosystem science and management, the need has arisen for a comprehensive treatment of techniques used in this rapidly-growing field. Methods in Ecosystem Science answers that need by synthesizing the advantages, disadvantages and tradeoffs associated with the most commonly used techniques in both aquatic and terrestrial research. The book is divided into sections addressing carbon and energy dynamics, nutrient and water dynamics, manipulative ecosystem experiements and tools to synthesize our understanding of ecosystems. Detailed information about various methods will help researchers choose the most appropriate methods for their particular studies. Prominent scientists discuss how tools from a variety of disciplines can be used in ecosystem science at different scales.

Twenty-First Century Ecosystems

National Research Council,Policy and Global Affairs,Board on International Scientific Organizations,U.S. National Committee for DIVERSITAS,Committee for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services: A Symposium
Twenty First Century Ecosystems Book PDF

Author : National Research Council,Policy and Global Affairs,Board on International Scientific Organizations,U.S. National Committee for DIVERSITAS,Committee for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services: A Symposium
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 90 pages
File Size : 43,8 Mb
Release : 2011-12-22
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780309209045

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Twenty-First Century Ecosystems by National Research Council,Policy and Global Affairs,Board on International Scientific Organizations,U.S. National Committee for DIVERSITAS,Committee for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services: A Symposium Pdf

The two hundredth anniversary of the birth of Charles Darwin, February 12, 2009, occurred at a critical time for the United States and the world. In honor of Darwin's birthday, the National Research Council appointed a committee under the auspices of the U.S. National Committee (USNC) for DIVERSITAS to plan a Symposium on Twenty-first Century Ecosystems. The purpose of the symposium was to capture some of the current excitement and recent progress in scientific understanding of ecosystems, from the microbial to the global level, while also highlighting how improved understanding can be applied to important policy issues that have broad biodiversity and ecosystem effects. The aim was to help inform new policy approaches that could satisfy human needs while also maintaining the integrity of the goods and services provided by biodiversity and ecosystems over both the short and the long terms. This report summarizes the views expressed by symposium participants; however, it does not provide a session-by-session summary of the presentations at the symposium. Instead, the symposium steering committee identified eight key themes that emerged from the lectures, which were addressed in different contexts by different speakers. The focus here is on general principles rather than specifics. These eight themes provide a sharp focus on a few concepts that enable scientists, environmental NGOs, and policy makers to engage more effectively around issues of central importance for biodiversity and ecosystem management.

Models in Ecosystem Science

Charles D. Canham,Jonathan J. Cole,William K. Lauenroth
Models in Ecosystem Science Book PDF

Author : Charles D. Canham,Jonathan J. Cole,William K. Lauenroth
Publisher : Princeton University Press
Page : 496 pages
File Size : 40,8 Mb
Release : 2021-04-13
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780691228846

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Models in Ecosystem Science by Charles D. Canham,Jonathan J. Cole,William K. Lauenroth Pdf

Quantitative models are crucial to almost every area of ecosystem science. They provide a logical structure that guides and informs empirical observations of ecosystem processes. They play a particularly crucial role in synthesizing and integrating our understanding of the immense diversity of ecosystem structure and function. Increasingly, models are being called on to predict the effects of human actions on natural ecosystems. Despite the widespread use of models, there exists intense debate within the field over a wide range of practical and philosophical issues pertaining to quantitative modeling. This book--which grew out of a gathering of leading experts at the ninth Cary Conference--explores those issues. The book opens with an overview of the status and role of modeling in ecosystem science, including perspectives on the long-running debate over the appropriate level of complexity in models. This is followed by eight chapters that address the critical issue of evaluating ecosystem models, including methods of addressing uncertainty. Next come several case studies of the role of models in environmental policy and management. A section on the future of modeling in ecosystem science focuses on increasing the use of modeling in undergraduate education and the modeling skills of professionals within the field. The benefits and limitations of predictive (versus observational) models are also considered in detail. Written by stellar contributors, this book grants access to the state of the art and science of ecosystem modeling.

Science of Ecosystem-based Management

Alan Desbonnet,Barry A Costa-Pierce
Science of Ecosystem based Management Book PDF

Author : Alan Desbonnet,Barry A Costa-Pierce
Publisher : Springer
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 41,8 Mb
Release : 2014-11-03
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 1489985859

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Science of Ecosystem-based Management by Alan Desbonnet,Barry A Costa-Pierce Pdf

In the U.S., approximately two-thirds of the coastal rivers and bays are moderately to severely degraded from nutrient pollution. The contributors to this book use long-term data sets to discuss the interactions among biological, ecological, chemical, and physical processes, and discuss what is known about nutrient inputs to the bay ecosystem, the impacts related to nutrient inputs, and how the ecosystem might respond to a sudden reduction in these inputs.

Chaos and Cosmos

Heidi C. M. Scott
Chaos and Cosmos Book PDF

Author : Heidi C. M. Scott
Publisher : Penn State Press
Page : 222 pages
File Size : 41,7 Mb
Release : 2015-01-14
Category : Nature
ISBN : 9780271065366

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Chaos and Cosmos by Heidi C. M. Scott Pdf

In Chaos and Cosmos, Heidi Scott integrates literary readings with contemporary ecological methods to investigate two essential and contrasting paradigms of nature that scientific ecology continues to debate: chaos and balance. Ecological literature of the Romantic and Victorian eras uses environmental chaos and the figure of the balanced microcosm as tropes essential to understanding natural patterns, and these eras were the first to reflect upon the ecological degradations of the Industrial Revolution. Chaos and Cosmos contends that the seed of imagination that would enable a scientist to study a lake as a microcosmic world at the formal, empirical level was sown by Romantic and Victorian poets who consciously drew a sphere around their perceptions in order to make sense of spots of time and place amid the globalizing modern world. This study’s interest goes beyond likening literary tropes to scientific aesthetics; it aims to theorize the interdisciplinary history of the concepts that underlie our scientific understanding of modern nature. Paradigmatic ecological ideas such as ecosystems, succession dynamics, punctuated equilibrium, and climate change are shown to have a literary foundation that preceded their status as theories in science. This book represents an elevation of the prospects of ecocriticism toward fully developed interdisciplinary potentials of literary ecology.

Understanding and Solving Environmental Problems in the 21st Century

R. Costanza,S.E. Jorgensen
Understanding and Solving Environmental Problems in the 21st Century Book PDF

Author : R. Costanza,S.E. Jorgensen
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 346 pages
File Size : 55,5 Mb
Release : 2002-06-05
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780080543406

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Understanding and Solving Environmental Problems in the 21st Century by R. Costanza,S.E. Jorgensen Pdf

The aim of this book is to encourage integration of the natural and social sciences with the policy and design-making community, and thereby develop a deeper understanding of complex environmental problems. Its fundamental themes are: • integrated modeling and assessment • complex, adaptive, hierarchical systems • ecosystem services • science and decision-making • ecosystem health and human health • quality of life and the distribution of wealth and resources. This book will act as a state of the art assessment of integrated environmental science and its relation to real world problem solving. It is aimed not only at the academic community, but also as a sourcebook for managers, policy makers, and the informed public. It deals both with the state of the science and the level of consensus among scientists on key environmental issues. The concepts underlying this book were developed at the 2nd EcoSummit workshop held in Halifax, Nova Scotia, June, 2000, with active participation from all delegates, and attempts to present their collective view.

River Science

David J. Gilvear,Malcolm T. Greenwood,Martin C. Thoms,Paul J. Wood
River Science Book PDF

Author : David J. Gilvear,Malcolm T. Greenwood,Martin C. Thoms,Paul J. Wood
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 430 pages
File Size : 54,7 Mb
Release : 2016-05-02
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781119994343

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River Science by David J. Gilvear,Malcolm T. Greenwood,Martin C. Thoms,Paul J. Wood Pdf

River Science is a rapidly developing interdisciplinary field at the interface of the natural sciences, engineering and socio-political sciences. It recognises that the sustainable management of contemporary rivers will increasingly require new ways of characterising them to enable engagement with the diverse range of stakeholders. This volume represents the outcome of research by many of the authors and their colleagues over the last 40 years and demonstrates the integral role that River Science now plays in underpinning our understanding of the functioning of natural ecosystems, and how societal demands and historic changes have affected these systems. The book will inform academics, policy makers and society in general of the benefits of healthy functioning riverine systems, and will increase awareness of the wide range of ecosystem goods and services they provide.

A New Century of Biology

W. John Kress,Gary W. Barrett
A New Century of Biology Book PDF

Author : W. John Kress,Gary W. Barrett
Publisher : Smithsonian Institution
Page : 159 pages
File Size : 41,8 Mb
Release : 2016-02-02
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781935623908

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A New Century of Biology by W. John Kress,Gary W. Barrett Pdf

In the twentieth century, scientists in the relatively new field of biology played an important role in exposing the threats of environmental degradation, loss of species diversity, habitat fragmentation, scarce energy resources, and human population growth. In the essays found in A New Century of Biology, some of the world's most notable biologists consider how their discipline must evolve to address these problems in the twenty-first century. The next one hundred years, the contributors argue, will likely be dominated by breakthroughs in evolutionary biology and systems ecology; by an increased need for scientists to integrate research, teaching, and service missions; and by problem-solving ventures on greater spatial and temporal scales. Because human activity and increased population will continue to have a profound impact on the environment, biologists must define an effective strategy for integrating the biological sciences with global economics and human social structure. The eleven contributors are leaders in the fields of ecology, and evolution, morphology, and development, behavior, microbiology, ecosystem energetics and biogeochemistry, biodiversity and conservation biology, and human sciences. While acknowledging the real problems their discipline must address, they offer an optimistic agenda for the future.

Ecology Revisited

Astrid Schwarz,Kurt Jax
Ecology Revisited Book PDF

Author : Astrid Schwarz,Kurt Jax
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 444 pages
File Size : 54,9 Mb
Release : 2011-03-18
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789048197446

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Ecology Revisited by Astrid Schwarz,Kurt Jax Pdf

As concerns about humankind’s relationship with the environment move inexorably up the agenda, this volume tells the story of the history of the concept of ecology itself and adds much to the historical and philosophical debate over this multifaceted discipline. The text provides readers with an overview of the theoretical, institutional and historical formation of ecological knowledge. The varied local conditions of early ecology are considered in detail, while epistemological problems that lie on the borders of ecology, such as disunity and complexity, are discussed. The book traces the various phases of the history of the concept of ecology itself, from its 19th century origins and antecedents, through the emergence of the environmental movement in the later 20th century, to the future, and how ecology might be located in the environmental science framework of the 21st century. The study of ‘ecological’ phenomena has never been confined solely to the work of researchers who consider themselves ecologists. It is rather a field of knowledge in which a plurality of practices, concepts and theories are developed. Thus, there exist numerous disciplinary subdivisions and research programmes within the field, the boundaries of which remain blurred. As a consequence, the deliberation to adequately identify the ecological field of knowledge, its epistemic and institutional setting, is still going on. This will be of central importance not only in locating ecology in the frame of 21st century environmental sciences but also for a better understanding of how nature and culture are intertwined in debates about pressing problems, such as climate change, the protection of species diversity, or the management of renewable resources.

The Branches of Ecology

Frank N. Egerton
The Branches of Ecology Book PDF

Author : Frank N. Egerton
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 609 pages
File Size : 44,8 Mb
Release : 2023-01-31
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781000564525

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The Branches of Ecology by Frank N. Egerton Pdf

The ecological sciences are a diverse array of major scientific disciplines. They grew from minor sciences, with little status in 1900, and now occupy crucial areas of research bearing on the future of our planet. This book describes a century of growth and development. A dramatic century-long rise in the status of ecological knowledge was accompanied by the rise of professional ecological organizations, the establishment of university faculties, and the creation of government agencies advising on conservation, natural resources, and the prevention of pollution. Like all sciences, ecology continues to yield new findings and surprising revelations. New technologies now address existential challenges facing our world. This book, documenting the rise of ecology, is an inspiring history portending an important role in the twenty-first century. Key Features: The author is the acknowledged authority on the history of ecology The content is familiar to members of the Ecological Society of America but has not previously been assembled into a single narrative Appropriate for a course in the history of ecology Provides a broad perspective on ecology Related Titles: Egerton, F. N. A Centennial History of the Ecological Society of America (ISBN 978-0-3673-7763-2). Rieppel, O. Phylogenetic Systematics: Haeckel to Hennig (ISBN 978-0-3678-7645-6) Dronamraju, K. A Century of Geneticists: Mutation to Medicine (ISBN 978-1-4987-4866-7)

Science of Ecosystem-based Management

Alan Desbonnet,Barry A Costa-Pierce
Science of Ecosystem based Management Book PDF

Author : Alan Desbonnet,Barry A Costa-Pierce
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 570 pages
File Size : 47,9 Mb
Release : 2008-01-12
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9780387352992

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Science of Ecosystem-based Management by Alan Desbonnet,Barry A Costa-Pierce Pdf

In the U.S., approximately two-thirds of the coastal rivers and bays are moderately to severely degraded from nutrient pollution. The contributors to this book use long-term data sets to discuss the interactions among biological, ecological, chemical, and physical processes, and discuss what is known about nutrient inputs to the bay ecosystem, the impacts related to nutrient inputs, and how the ecosystem might respond to a sudden reduction in these inputs.

Fundamentals of Ecosystem Science

Kathleen C. Weathers,David L. Strayer,Gene E. Likens
Fundamentals of Ecosystem Science Book PDF

Author : Kathleen C. Weathers,David L. Strayer,Gene E. Likens
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 360 pages
File Size : 51,7 Mb
Release : 2021-07-23
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780128127636

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Fundamentals of Ecosystem Science by Kathleen C. Weathers,David L. Strayer,Gene E. Likens Pdf

Fundamentals of Ecosystem Science, Second Edition provides a comprehensive introduction to modern ecosystem science covering land, freshwater and marine ecosystems. Featuring full color images to support learning and written by a group of experts, this updated edition covers major concepts of ecosystem science, biogeochemistry, and energetics. Case studies of important environmental problems offer personal insights into how adopting an ecosystem approach has helped solve important intellectual and practical problems. For those choosing to use the book in a classroom environment, or who want to enrich further their reading experience, teaching and learning assets are available at Elsevier.com. Covers both aquatic (freshwater and marine) and terrestrial ecosystems with updated information Includes a new chapter on microbial biogeochemistry Features vignettes throughout the book with real examples of how an ecosystem approach has led to important change in policy, management, and ecological understanding Demonstrates the application of an ecosystem approach in synthesis chapters and case studies Contains new coverage of human-environment interactions

The Evolution of American Ecology, 1890-2000

Sharon E. Kingsland
The Evolution of American Ecology 1890 2000 Book PDF

Author : Sharon E. Kingsland
Publisher : JHU Press
Page : 338 pages
File Size : 41,7 Mb
Release : 2005
Category : Science
ISBN : 0801881714

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The Evolution of American Ecology, 1890-2000 by Sharon E. Kingsland Pdf

In the 1890s, several initiatives in American botany converged. The creation of new institutions, such as the New York Botanical Garden, coincided with radical reforms in taxonomic practice and the emergence of an experimental program of research on evolutionary problems. Sharon Kingsland explores how these changes gave impetus to the new field of ecology that was defined at exactly this time. She argues that the creation of institutions and research laboratories, coupled with new intellectual directions in science, were crucial to the development of ecology as a discipline in the United States. The main concern of ecology - the relationship between organisms and environment - was central to scientific studies aimed at understanding and controlling the evolutionary process. Kingsland considers the evolutionary context in which ecology arose, especially neo-Lamarckian ideas and the new mutation theory, and explores the relationship between scientific research and broader theories about social progress and the evolution of human civilization. By midcentury, American ecologists were leading the rapid development of ecosystem ecology. and society in the postwar context, foreshadowing the environmental critiques of the 1960s. As the ecosystem concept evolved, so too did debates about how human ecology should be incorporated into the biological sciences. Kingsland concludes with an examination of ecology in the modern urban environment, reflecting on how scientists are now being challenged to produce innovative responses to pressing problems. The Evolution of American Ecology, 1890-2000 offers an innovative study not only of the scientific landscape in turn-of-the-century America, but of current questions in ecological science.