A Cognitive Theory Of Metaphor

Author : Earl R. Mac Cormac
Publisher : MIT Press (MA)
Page : 272 pages
File Size : 41,6 Mb
Release : 1985
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : UOM:39015007063962

Get Book

A Cognitive Theory of Metaphor by Earl R. Mac Cormac Pdf

In this book, Earl Mac Cormac presents an original and unified cognitive theory of metaphor using philosophical arguments which draw upon evidence from psychological experiments and theories. He notes that implications of this theory for meaning and truth with specific attention to metaphor as a speech act, the iconic meaning of metaphor, and the development of a four-valued system of truth. Numerous examples of metaphor from poetry and science are presented and analyzed to support Mac Cormac's theory."A Cognitive Theory of Metaphor takes up three levels of explanation--metaphor as expressed in surface language, the semantics of metaphor, and metaphor as a cogitive process--and unifies these by interpreting metaphor as an evolutionary knowledge process in which metaphors mediate between minds and culture. Mac Cormac considers, and rejects, the radical theory that all use of language is metaphorical; however, this argument also recognizes that the "theory of metaphor may itself be metaphorical.The book first considers the computational metaphor often adopted by cognitive psychology as an example of metaphor requiring analysis. In contrast to three well-known philosophical theories of metaphor - the tension theory, the controversion theory, and the grammatical deviance theory - it develops a semantical anomaly theory of metaphor based on a quasi-mathematical hierarchy of words. In developing the theory, Mac Cormac makes much-needed connections between theories of metaphor and more orthodox analytic philosophy of meaning, including discussions of speech acts and the logic of fuzzy sets. This semantical theory of explanation is then shown to be compatible with contemporary psychologicaltheories of memory.Earl R. MacCormac is Charles A. Dana Professor of Philosophy and Chairman of the Department of Philosophy, Davidson College. A Bradford Book.

Author : B. Indurkhya
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 467 pages
File Size : 53,8 Mb
Release : 2013-03-09
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9789401722520

Get Book

Metaphor and Cognition by B. Indurkhya Pdf

Many metaphors go beyond pionting to the existing similarities between two objects -- they create the similarities. Such metaphors, which have been relegated to the back seat in most of the cognitive science research, are the focus of attention in this study, which addresses the creation of similarity within an elaborately laid out interactive framework of cognition. Starting from the constructivist views of Nelson Goodman and Jean Piaget, this framework resolves an apparent paradox in interactionism: how can reality not have a mind-independent ontology and structure, but still manage to constrain the possible worlds a cognitive agent can create in it? A comprehensive theory of metaphor is proposed in this framework that explains how metaphors can create similarities, and why such metaphors are an invaluable asset to cognition. The framework is then applied to related issues of analogical reasoning, induction, and computational modeling of creative metaphors.

Author : Ning Yu
Publisher : John Benjamins Publishing
Page : 294 pages
File Size : 45,5 Mb
Release : 1998-01-01
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 902722353X

Get Book

The Contemporary Theory of Metaphor by Ning Yu Pdf

This volume aims to contribute to the theory of metaphor from the viewpoint of Chinese, in order to help place the theory into a wider cross-linguistic and cross-cultural perspective. It focuses on metaphors of emotion, the "time as space" metaphor and the Event Structure Metaphor.

Author : Antonio Barcelona
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter
Page : 368 pages
File Size : 47,7 Mb
Release : 2012-10-24
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9783110894677

Get Book

Metaphor and Metonymy at the Crossroads by Antonio Barcelona Pdf

Metaphor and Metonymy at the Crossroads is a collection of essays, most of them written from a cognitive linguistics standpoint by leading specialists in the fields of conceptual metaphor and metonymy, and conceptual integration (blending). The book has two main goals. One of them is to discuss in new, provocative ways the nature of these conceptual mappings in English and their interaction. The other goal is to explore by means of several detailed case studies the central role of these mappings in English. The studies are, thus, concerned with the operation of metaphor and metonymy in discourse, including literary discourse or with the effect of metaphorical and/or metonymic mappings on some aspects of linguistic structure, be it polysemy or grammar. The book is of interest to students and researchers in English and linguistics, English literature, cognitive psychology and cognitive science.

Author : Francisco Gonzálvez-García,María Sandra Peña Cervel,Lorena Pérez Hernández
Publisher : John Benjamins Publishing
Page : 318 pages
File Size : 49,9 Mb
Release : 2013-10-30
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9789027271174

Get Book

Metaphor and Metonymy revisited beyond the Contemporary Theory of Metaphor by Francisco Gonzálvez-García,María Sandra Peña Cervel,Lorena Pérez Hernández Pdf

The contributions in this volume go beyond the Contemporary Theory of Metaphor complementing it in a number of relevant ways. Some of the papers argue for a more dynamic, interdisciplinary approach to metaphor looking into it from semiotic, psychological and socio-cultural perspectives. Other contributions focus on the crucial role played by metaphor and metonymy in meaning construction at a discourse/textual level. Finally, the volume also includes proposals which revolve around the alleged universal nature of metaphorical mappings and their suitability to account for grammatical phenomena. The contributions in this volume display an ample gamut of theoretical approaches pointing to the viability of taking a functional-cognitive stance on the analysis of metaphor and metonymy in contrast to a purely cognitive one. This book is structured into three major sections: i) the Contemporary Theory of Metaphor: revisions and recent developments; ii) metaphor and/or metonymy across different discourse/genre types; and iii) the Contemporary Theory of Metaphor: current applications. Originally published in Review of Cognitive Linguistics 9:1 (2011).

Author : Earl R. MacCormac
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 254 pages
File Size : 45,6 Mb
Release : 1990
Category : Electronic
ISBN : OCLC:760233011

Get Book

A Cognitive Theory of Metaphor by Earl R. MacCormac Pdf

Author : Raymond W. Gibbs,Gerard Steen
Publisher : John Benjamins Publishing
Page : 234 pages
File Size : 44,9 Mb
Release : 1999-01-01
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9789027236814

Get Book

Metaphor in Cognitive Linguistics by Raymond W. Gibbs,Gerard Steen Pdf

This book contains a selection of refereed and revised papers originally presented at the 5th ICLC. After an introduction by the editors, the book opens with a long-needed chapter on historical precedents for the Cognitive Linguistic theory of metaphor. Two chapters demonstrate the method of lexical analysis of linguistic metaphors and how it can be fruitfully applied to a characterization of the conceptual domains of smell and economics. Three chapters deal with theoretical aspects of conceptual metaphor, one of which is a commissioned chapter on the relation between conceptual metaphor theory and conceptual blending. Finally there are five chapters presenting novel theoretical issues and empirical findings about the relation between conceptual metaphor and culture. This book is hence a wide-ranging sample of current approaches to metaphor in Cognitive Linguistics, with some chapters breaking new grounds for future research.

Author : Zoltán Kövecses
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 211 pages
File Size : 49,6 Mb
Release : 2020-04-23
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9781108490870

Get Book

Extended Conceptual Metaphor Theory by Zoltán Kövecses Pdf

Offers an extended, improved version of Conceptual Metaphor Theory (CMT), updating it in the context of current linguistic theory.

Author : Andrew Ortony
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 700 pages
File Size : 40,6 Mb
Release : 1993-11-26
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 0521405610

Get Book

Metaphor and Thought by Andrew Ortony Pdf

Examines the nature and function of metaphor in language and thought.

Author : Raymond W. Gibbs
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 333 pages
File Size : 50,8 Mb
Release : 2017-05-04
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9781107071148

Get Book

Metaphor Wars by Raymond W. Gibbs Pdf

The study of metaphor is now firmly established as a central topic within cognitive science and the humanities. This book explores the critical role that conceptual metaphors play in language, thought, cultural and expressive actions. It evaluates the arguments and evidence for and against conceptual metaphors across academic disciplines.

Author : George Lakoff,Mark Johnson
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
Page : 292 pages
File Size : 53,7 Mb
Release : 2008-12-19
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9780226470993

Get Book

Metaphors We Live By by George Lakoff,Mark Johnson Pdf

The now-classic Metaphors We Live By changed our understanding of metaphor and its role in language and the mind. Metaphor, the authors explain, is a fundamental mechanism of mind, one that allows us to use what we know about our physical and social experience to provide understanding of countless other subjects. Because such metaphors structure our most basic understandings of our experience, they are "metaphors we live by"—metaphors that can shape our perceptions and actions without our ever noticing them. In this updated edition of Lakoff and Johnson's influential book, the authors supply an afterword surveying how their theory of metaphor has developed within the cognitive sciences to become central to the contemporary understanding of how we think and how we express our thoughts in language.

Author : Jerome Feldman
Publisher : MIT Press
Page : 379 pages
File Size : 46,6 Mb
Release : 2008-01-25
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9780262562355

Get Book

From Molecule to Metaphor by Jerome Feldman Pdf

In From Molecule to Metaphor, Jerome Feldman proposes a theory of language and thought that treats language not as an abstract symbol system but as a human biological ability that can be studied as a function of the brain, as vision and motor control are studied. This theory, he writes, is a "bridging theory" that works from extensive knowledge at two ends of a causal chain to explicate the links between. Although the cognitive sciences are revealing much about how our brains produce language and thought, we do not yet know exactly how words are understood or have any methodology for finding out. Feldman develops his theory in computer simulations—formal models that suggest ways that language and thought may be realized in the brain. Combining key findings and theories from biology, computer science, linguistics, and psychology, Feldman synthesizes a theory by exhibiting programs that demonstrate the required behavior while remaining consistent with the findings from all disciplines. After presenting the essential results on language, learning, neural computation, the biology of neurons and neural circuits, and the mind/brain, Feldman introduces specific demonstrations and formal models of such topics as how children learn their first words, words for abstract and metaphorical concepts, understanding stories, and grammar (including "hot-button" issues surrounding the innateness of human grammar). With this accessible, comprehensive book Feldman offers readers who want to understand how our brains create thought and language a theory of language that is intuitively plausible and also consistent with existing scientific data at all levels.

Author : Zóltan Kövecses
Publisher : BRILL
Page : 141 pages
File Size : 46,5 Mb
Release : 2019-09-16
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9789004364905

Get Book

Ten Lectures on Figurative Meaning-Making: The Role of Body and Context by Zóltan Kövecses Pdf

The topics presented in this book deal with the language and conceptualization of emotions, cross-cultural variation in metaphor, metaphor and metonymy in discourse, and the issue of the relationship between language, mind, and culture from a cognitive linguistic perspective.

Author : Elena Semino,Zsófia Demjén
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 765 pages
File Size : 49,5 Mb
Release : 2016-11-03
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9781317374701

Get Book

The Routledge Handbook of Metaphor and Language by Elena Semino,Zsófia Demjén Pdf

The Routledge Handbook of Metaphor and Language provides a comprehensive overview of state-of-the-art interdisciplinary research on metaphor and language. Featuring 35 chapters written by leading scholars from around the world, the volume takes a broad view of the field of metaphor and language, and brings together diverse and distinct theoretical and applied perspectives to cover six key areas: Theoretical approaches to metaphor and language, covering Conceptual Metaphor Theory, Relevance Theory, Blending Theory and Dynamical Systems Theory; Methodological approaches to metaphor and language, discussing ways of identifying metaphors in verbal texts, images and gestures, as well as the use of corpus linguistics; Formal variation in patterns of metaphor use across text types, historical periods and languages; Functional variation of metaphor, in contexts including educational, commercial, scientific and political discourse, as well as online trolling; The applications of metaphor for problem solving, in business, education, healthcare and conflict situations; Language, metaphor, and cognitive development, examining the processing and comprehension of metaphors. The Routledge Handbook of Language and Metaphor is a must-have survey of this key field, and is essential reading for those interested in language and metaphor.

Author : Janine Lacombe
Publisher : GRIN Verlag
Page : 31 pages
File Size : 50,8 Mb
Release : 2014-01-08
Category : Literary Collections
ISBN : 9783656569879

Get Book

George Lakoff's Cognitive Theory and His Conceptual Metaphor Theory by Janine Lacombe Pdf

Studienarbeit aus dem Jahr 2012 im Fachbereich Anglistik - Linguistik, Note: 1,3, Universität Koblenz-Landau (Anglistik), Veranstaltung: Cognitive Linguistics, Sprache: Deutsch, Abstract: Language in general has always been an intricate matter for investigation and scientific research. Linguistics as a field of studies particularly dedicated to the task of exploring the language faculty and its features is divided into several subcategories caused most likely by the interactive nature this field of study presents. The presented paper will focus on the field of cognitive linguistics, thereby addressing and summarizing the main concepts and theories as well as demarcating such from generative approaches. Since the subject of cognitive linguistics proves to be extremely complex and extensive, the lion’s share of this work will concentrate on the cognitive theory (1987) and the corresponding theory of metaphor by George LAKOFF (1980). In the 1980s cognitive linguistics developed mainly in the United States as a new approach to the study of language and mind and how both entities are interrelated. According to cognitive linguist Gilles FAUCONNIER, “perhaps for the first time a genuine science of meaning construction and its dynamics has been launched” (Fauconnier 96). Language is considered to be one of the most significant and fundamental features constituting human cognition, even though it may be described as only the “tip of a spectacular cognitive iceberg” (ibid.), which consists of numerous “layers” of mental processes and internal structures, enabling us to function in our experienced world. The process of generating those internal structures is believed to be conceptually motivated and initiated by perceptual salience (cf. Glynn 89), implying that the “patterns of usage represent speakers’ knowledge of their language, including the conceptual structures that motivate language” (ibid.). Therefore, central to the concerns of cognitive linguistics is the idea of cognitive models, which are assumed to structure thought. The term is used mostly to express the notion that cognitive representations are stored in form of knowledge bases. Cognitive models are presumably involved in the process of reasoning and used for the development of categories (cf. Ungerer/Schmid 47, Geeraerts 2). When looking at the enormous interdisciplinary orientation cognitive linguistics and cognitive science in general employ, the complexity of attempting to analyze human cognition becomes apparent.