A Critical Comparison Of Internationalisation Theories Eclectic Paradigm Of Dunning Vs Uppsala School

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A Critical Comparison of Internationalisation Theories

Daniela Margardt
A Critical Comparison of Internationalisation Theories Book PDF

Author : Daniela Margardt
Publisher : GRIN Verlag
Page : 93 pages
File Size : 44,9 Mb
Release : 2009-06
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9783640345755

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A Critical Comparison of Internationalisation Theories by Daniela Margardt Pdf

Seminar paper from the year 2007 in the subject Business economics - Miscellaneous, grade: 2,0, University of Applied Sciences Saarbrücken, language: English, abstract: 1 Introduction Centuries ago it was out of question for companies to operate worldwide. The costs to act global had been too high as well as the existent lack of knowledge about other countries, cultures, languages, foreign demands etc. But a few decades ago, companies started to run for globalisation which is seen as a process of internationalisation. Globalisation can be defined as a global network of economic processes. Today companies face less risk when engaging in international activities than ever before. Nowadays markets are easy accessible and the society faces a similar development concerning living standards all over the world. Companies notice the existing possibilities when passing national borders. Today internationalisation is an option for big companies as well as for SME ́s. Internationalisation can be defined more exactly as the name "international" predicts as an international network between companies of different nations which means in most cases industrialised nations. Today almost all products and services are internationalised and available on the world market. It is indispensable that enterprises conduct business in host countries to remain competitive. Most companies are aware of internationalisation processes. Multinational companies are enterprises which operate in two or more countries. Bundeszentrale für politische Bildung (1) states that in 1980, approximately 17.000 MNE ́s existed. Further Bundeszentrale für politische Bildung (1) explains that already in the year 2000, 63.000 MNE ́s existed and in 2004 existed even 70.000 MNE ́s. According to Bundeszentrale für politische Bildung (1) belong MNE companies to the countries where their headquarter is based in. Further Bundeszentrale für politische Bildung (1) estimates that approximately 9.000 MNE ́s belong to Germany and ap

The Uppsala Model of Internationalization. A Critical Review

Claus Hombrecher
The Uppsala Model of Internationalization A Critical Review Book PDF

Author : Claus Hombrecher
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 20 pages
File Size : 50,9 Mb
Release : 2019-02-03
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 3668895864

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The Uppsala Model of Internationalization. A Critical Review by Claus Hombrecher Pdf

Seminar paper from the year 2014 in the subject Business economics - Business Management, Corporate Governance, grade: 1,7, University of Applied Sciences Essen, language: English, abstract: This term paper deals with the Uppsala model of internationalization and the question whether it is still working today or if modern companies have more possibilities to enter new markets in foreign countries in a different way. The model was developed almost forty years ago and the framework and conditions of internationalization and technological progress have changed a lot. In economics, internationalization is the process of increasing involvement of enterprises in international markets, although there is no agreed definition of internationalization. There are several internationalization theories which try to explain why there are international activities. This paper will stick to the classic school theory, the Uppsala model or international stage model in comparison to modern ways of internationalization by the example of ‛Born Globals'. The Uppsala model provides a universal explanation of how internationalization works in the form of sequential stages during its early development. ‛Born Globals' are young companies that start to globalize very fast from the beginning without any preceding long term period of internationalization. They do not follow the stages in the suggested order, they rather leap-frog some of the steps given by the model. The aim is to show that the business world has changed and the model is not contemporary anymore. This paper will start with the backround of the Uppsala model, its structure. A description of the establishment chain and the psychic chain will follow. After that the internationalization model will be illustrated which will lead to the critical view of the Uppsala model. Chapter three describes the modern way of internationalization using the example of ‛Born Globals'. The last chapter of this term paper is the conclusion.

A critical comparison of Internationalisation theories: Eclectic Paradigm of Dunning vs. Uppsala School

Daniela Margardt
A critical comparison of Internationalisation theories Eclectic Paradigm of Dunning vs Uppsala School Book PDF

Author : Daniela Margardt
Publisher : GRIN Verlag
Page : 45 pages
File Size : 41,9 Mb
Release : 2009-06-12
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9783640345922

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A critical comparison of Internationalisation theories: Eclectic Paradigm of Dunning vs. Uppsala School by Daniela Margardt Pdf

Seminar paper from the year 2007 in the subject Business economics - Miscellaneous, grade: 2,0, University of Applied Sciences Saarbrücken, language: English, abstract: 1 Introduction Centuries ago it was out of question for companies to operate worldwide. The costs to act global had been too high as well as the existent lack of knowledge about other countries, cultures, languages, foreign demands etc. But a few decades ago, companies started to run for globalisation which is seen as a process of internationalisation. Globalisation can be defined as a global network of economic processes. Today companies face less risk when engaging in international activities than ever before. Nowadays markets are easy accessible and the society faces a similar development concerning living standards all over the world. Companies notice the existing possibilities when passing national borders. Today internationalisation is an option for big companies as well as for SME ́s. Internationalisation can be defined more exactly as the name “international” predicts as an international network between companies of different nations which means in most cases industrialised nations. Today almost all products and services are internationalised and available on the world market. It is indispensable that enterprises conduct business in host countries to remain competitive. Most companies are aware of internationalisation processes. Multinational companies are enterprises which operate in two or more countries. Bundeszentrale für politische Bildung (1) states that in 1980, approximately 17.000 MNE ́s existed. Further Bundeszentrale für politische Bildung (1) explains that already in the year 2000, 63.000 MNE ́s existed and in 2004 existed even 70.000 MNE ́s. According to Bundeszentrale für politische Bildung (1) belong MNE companies to the countries where their headquarter is based in. Further Bundeszentrale für politische Bildung (1) estimates that approximately 9.000 MNE ́s belong to Germany and approximately 2.500 international firms belong to the United States. As it can be observed, the trend in businesses is to become a multinational company. To become a company which engages in international activities is a long time process consisting of various steps. Therefore firms having international intentions began to question under which circumstances they should internationalise its activities and which market entry form they should choose. Methodology Various theories exist which cover that topic for example:... This paper focuses on two approaches which explain firms intention to establish activities outside their national borders...

The Eclectic Paradigm

John Cantwell
The Eclectic Paradigm Book PDF

Author : John Cantwell
Publisher : Springer
Page : 204 pages
File Size : 45,5 Mb
Release : 2016-04-29
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781137544711

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The Eclectic Paradigm by John Cantwell Pdf

To help to promote a greater conversation between those interested in the theoretical explanation of IB activities from various different backgrounds or starting points, this book offers a special Collection of JIBS articles which concern the foundations and the application of the eclectic paradigm.

Knowledge, Networks and Power

U. Holm,M. Forsgren,J. Johanson
Knowledge Networks and Power Book PDF

Author : U. Holm,M. Forsgren,J. Johanson
Publisher : Springer
Page : 483 pages
File Size : 42,6 Mb
Release : 2015-05-12
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781137508829

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Knowledge, Networks and Power by U. Holm,M. Forsgren,J. Johanson Pdf

This book presents more than four decades of research in international business at the Department of Business Studies, Uppsala University. Gradually, this research has been recognized as 'The Uppsala School'. The work in Uppsala over the years reflects a broad palette of issues and approaches.

Extending the Eclectic Paradigm in International Business

John H. Dunning
Extending the Eclectic Paradigm in International Business Book PDF

Author : John H. Dunning
Publisher : Edward Elgar Publishing
Page : 296 pages
File Size : 55,9 Mb
Release : 2003
Category : Globalization
ISBN : UCSD:31822032210106

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Extending the Eclectic Paradigm in International Business by John H. Dunning Pdf

The contributors explore the many threads of Dunning's work, focusing on advances to his "eclectic paradigm", which looks at the interactions between ownership, location and internalization in explaining foreign direct investment by multinational firms. The book was also conceived and written to record Dunning's contribution to the creation of a doctoral program in International Business at Rutgers University at Newark. The coverage explores a range of topics and seeks to build on the eclectic paradigm or to apply it to existing problems.

International Business and the Eclectic Paradigm

John Cantwell,Rajneesh Narula
International Business and the Eclectic Paradigm Book PDF

Author : John Cantwell,Rajneesh Narula
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 320 pages
File Size : 54,8 Mb
Release : 2007-04-12
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781134373413

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International Business and the Eclectic Paradigm by John Cantwell,Rajneesh Narula Pdf

The eclectic paradigm has arguably become the dominant theoretical basis in the study of FDI, multinational corporations and internationalisation over the last two decades. The contributions to this volume evaluate the eclectic paradigm in the global economy and its validity as a theoretical basis to understand developments such as economic globalization and the subsequent growth of global and alliance capitalism.

Multinational Enterprises and the Global Economy

John H. Dunning,Sarianna M. Lundan
Multinational Enterprises and the Global Economy Book PDF

Author : John H. Dunning,Sarianna M. Lundan
Publisher : Edward Elgar Publishing
Page : 947 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 2008-01-01
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781848441323

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Multinational Enterprises and the Global Economy by John H. Dunning,Sarianna M. Lundan Pdf

For many years to come this volume. . .is surely going to be the ultimate reference work on international business. . . thanks to Dunning and Lundan, have at their disposal, a wealth of relevant data, as well as theoretical and empirical analyses, which will enable them to assess the capabilities, contributions and challenges posed by the multinational enterprises to the global economy. Seev Hirsch, International Business Review Multinational Enterprises and the Global Economy has become a classic in international business. . . Yet , the book s second edition is even better than the first, in part because of Professor Dunning s wise decision to choose Dr Lundan as his co-author and to draw upon her deep knowledge of various strands of research on business government relations and the societal effects of firm behaviour. . . In addition to being a remarkably useful reference book, Multinational Enterprises and the Global Economy is the first book any IB doctoral student should read to understand the significance and richness of IB scholarship as it has developed over the past 50 years. Alain Verbeke, Journal of International Business Studies The second edition of Multinational Enterprises and the Global Economy provides unparalleled coverage not only of the literature relevant to IB research but also of the evolution of IB in the world economy. Dunning and Lundan offer powerful insights into the societal effects of MNEs and the role of business government relations in the IB context. Journal of International Business Studies This wonderful book offers the definitive synthesis of the modern literature on the economic aspects of international business. It is encyclopedic yet full of incisive insights. It is a creative masterpiece which unbundles the DNA of the multinational enterprise and shows how it is the cornerstone of the field of international business. Alan M. Rugman, University of Reading, UK The rise of the multinational enterprise, and the consequent globalisation of the world economy, was arguably the single most important phenomenon of the second half of the twentieth century. This magisterial book, written by two leading authorities, examines this phenomenon in depth. It explains how foreign investment by multinationals diffused advanced technologies and novel management methods, driving productivity growth in Europe, Asia and North America; however, economic inequalities were reinforced as rich countries attracted more foreign investment than poor ones. This new edition of a classic work is not only an authoritative guide to contemporary multinational business, but a major historical resource for the future. Mark Casson, University of Reading, UK This thoroughly updated and revised edition of a widely acclaimed, classic text will be required reading for academics, policymakers and advanced students of international business worldwide. Employing a distinctive and unified framework, this book draws together research across a range of academic fields to offer a synthesis of the determinants of MNE activity, and its effects on the economic and social well-being of developed and developing countries. Unique to the new edition is its focus on the institutional underpinnings of the resources and capabilities of MNEs, and the role of MNE activity in transmitting and facilitating institutional change. Since the initial publication of this book more than a decade ago, the economic, managerial and social implications of globalisation and technological advancement have become even more varied and prominent. Accompanying these developments, there has been a rise in scholarly interest in interdisciplinary research addressing the important challenges of an ever-changing physical and human environment. Drawing on articles and books from international business and economics, as well as economic geography, political economy and strategic management, a systematic overview of the developments in scholarly thinking is prese

The Multinational Enterprise (RLE International Business)

John H Dunning
The Multinational Enterprise RLE International Business Book PDF

Author : John H Dunning
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 363 pages
File Size : 53,7 Mb
Release : 2013-01-17
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781135134082

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The Multinational Enterprise (RLE International Business) by John H Dunning Pdf

The book focuses on the major environmental implications stemming from the growth of the multinational enterprise in a multiple currency world; the international transfer of technology; industrial relations and labour utilization in foreign-owned firms in the UK; multinational companies and trade union interests; foreign direct investment, the balance of payments and trade flows; the multinational enterprise and developing countries; government policy alternatives and the problem of international sharing and a case study of a multinational enterprise in Europe. A survey of the background to the multinational enterprise and concluding summaries ensure that this book is one of the most widely embracing volumes available on the subject.

The Internationalisation Process of the Tata Group

Laura Schmiedl
The Internationalisation Process of the Tata Group Book PDF

Author : Laura Schmiedl
Publisher : GRIN Verlag
Page : 21 pages
File Size : 41,6 Mb
Release : 2017-07-14
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9783668484085

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The Internationalisation Process of the Tata Group by Laura Schmiedl Pdf

Seminar paper from the year 2015 in the subject Business economics - Business Management, Corporate Governance, grade: 1,3, Anglia Ruskin University (Lord Ashcroft International Business School), course: International Business, language: English, abstract: This report is going to analyse and evaluate the internationalisation process of the Tata group. Therefore the three major global acquisitions of Tata companies will be examined and evaluated after a brief introduction concerning the history and important chairmen of the group. Following there will be an analysis of Tata’s competitive advantage as well as a recommendation for their future direction in order to sustain these advantages. During the last couple of years India, the world’s largest democracy, has also become an important economy not only concerning the inward foreign direct investments from other countries. According to the Investment Country Profiles report on India, the foreign direct investment (fdi) flows abroad have steadily increased since 2000 and peaked in 2007 with US $18.73 billion. In 2011, India reached fdi outflows of US $11.1 billion and most of it flowed to developing economies for example to Africa. This development is due to the increasing internationalisation of Indian firms like Infosys, Wipro or Ranbaxy. Yet, there is one Indian conglomerate that has shaped this development more significantly than any other, the Tata group. It is the largest private group in India in terms of market share and revenues and it has also played a significant role in the economic history of India Moreover, the Tata group is the leading company in terms of the internationalisation of Indian firms due to some important investments abroad.

Explaining International Production (Routledge Revivals)

John H. Dunning
Explaining International Production Routledge Revivals Book PDF

Author : John H. Dunning
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 397 pages
File Size : 46,5 Mb
Release : 2014-11-13
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781317576174

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Explaining International Production (Routledge Revivals) by John H. Dunning Pdf

John Dunning’s general theory of international production, first propounded in the late 1970’s, has generated considerable debate. This work thoughtfully reassesses the paradigm, and extends the analysis to embrace issues of theoretical and empirical importance. In a collection of essays, the changing characteristics of international production are examined, and an interdisciplinary approach suggested for understanding the multinational enterprise in the world economy. This book, first published in 1988, will be of value not only to economists and international business analysts, but to scholars in other fields, notably organizational, marketing and management specialists.

Business Cooperation

N. Peña,J. Fernández de Arroyabe,Juan Carlos Fernández de Arroyabe
Business Cooperation Book PDF

Author : N. Peña,J. Fernández de Arroyabe,Juan Carlos Fernández de Arroyabe
Publisher : Springer
Page : 193 pages
File Size : 53,5 Mb
Release : 2002-09-06
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780230554696

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Business Cooperation by N. Peña,J. Fernández de Arroyabe,Juan Carlos Fernández de Arroyabe Pdf

This book highlights the phenomenon of business cooperation from different theoretical approaches, and studies the most important aspects of the organisational design of cooperation. Part one studies the economic approach, organisational points of view, strategic points of view and the game theory approach. Part two studies a number of questions related to the analysis of the organisation design and cooperation, and the principal cases in which cooperation has the greatest relevance: technology and international cooperation.

Emerging Market Multinationals

Alvaro Cuervo-Cazurra,William Newburry,Seung Ho Park
Emerging Market Multinationals Book PDF

Author : Alvaro Cuervo-Cazurra,William Newburry,Seung Ho Park
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 241 pages
File Size : 40,6 Mb
Release : 2016-03-17
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781107073142

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Emerging Market Multinationals by Alvaro Cuervo-Cazurra,William Newburry,Seung Ho Park Pdf

This book examines the challenges faced by emerging market multinationals as they develop their international operations and proposes actionable solutions.

Managing the Embedded Multinational

Mats Forsgren,Ulf Holm,Jan Johanson
Managing the Embedded Multinational Book PDF

Author : Mats Forsgren,Ulf Holm,Jan Johanson
Publisher : Edward Elgar Publishing
Page : 239 pages
File Size : 53,6 Mb
Release : 2007-01-01
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781845428051

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Managing the Embedded Multinational by Mats Forsgren,Ulf Holm,Jan Johanson Pdf

This monograph is based on an extensive dataset and a very well documented case study. Such a wealth of empirical material provides an ideal ground to test theories and enables the authors to elaborate interesting conceptualisations of some specific aspects of the broader network approach, particularly concerning the internationalisation of business networks. Anna Spadavecchia, Business History Combined with recent advances in network analysis [the book] can be instrumental in advancing our understanding, which will not only be useful for research scholars, but also provide practical guidance for managers. . . It is full of ideas which seem like deceptively simple black stones that in the hands of a skillful artisan can be turned into dazzling diamonds. Charles Dhanaraj, Journal of International Business Studies The work by Forsgren et al. offers a major contribution in terms of the analytical power of network relationships. By shifting to an exchange based perspective, they challenge the classical view of organizational power and control, but also the sources of organizational capabilities. They argue that the distinct capabilities and resources of the organization are developed through relationships and connections. Wilhelm Barner-Rasmussen, Rebecca Piekkari, Joanna Scott-Kennel and Catherine Welch, Academy of Management Perspectives An interesting and insightful book. It questions a lot of traditional thinking about international firms and the way they operate. Throughout the book, the reader is invited to develop a different perspective. This perspective might be called a relationships and networks theory of the firm. While this may sound familiar, the book goes well beyond anything I have seen in the existing literature, in terms of conceptualizing relationships and networks and in using this perspective to guide and interpret case study and survey research results. William G. Egelhoff, Fordham University, US It is now well accepted in the academic literature that the multinational corporation can be usefully modelled as a network of relationships. But it is less well-known that the origins of this perspective can be traced back to work done in Uppsala, Sweden, in the 1970s and 1980s. The term business network was first used there, and many important ideas around power and influence have also emerged from this research centre. In this new book, three of the key members of the Uppsala school develop a synthesis of the more recent ideas to come out of their research on networks. By focusing on the concept of the embedded multinational they show how the internal networks of the multinational interact with the web of external networks each subsidiary unit has in its local market. This book provides a definitive and compelling point of view of the importance of networking thinking to the study of the multinational corporation. It is an important book, and it will be widely cited in years to come. Julian Birkinshaw, London Business School, UK Forsgren, Holm, and Johanson have been among the leaders in developing the idea of the multinational firm as a network that spans different country environments. This perspective cautions the easy prescription that a multinational firm can do everything easily, if it just has the right organizational form. Relationships matter, as do the legitimacy of the firm in the context of its foreign investments. This book provides rich case insights into these dimensions. Bruce Kogut, INSEAD, France This book expands the business network view on managerial issues in multinational corporations. Specifically, it scrutinises the importance of a subsidiary s external and internal business network for its strategic and organizational role within the corporation. The internationalisation of firms in terms of management issues and headquarters control, the influence of subsidiaries on decisions and learning processes within multinational corporations are examined in detail. It is argued that

Managing the Internationalization Process (Routledge Revivals)

Mats Forsgren
Managing the Internationalization Process Routledge Revivals Book PDF

Author : Mats Forsgren
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 128 pages
File Size : 54,9 Mb
Release : 2015-06-11
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781317495499

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Managing the Internationalization Process (Routledge Revivals) by Mats Forsgren Pdf

Few nations have internationalized their business operations as successfully as the Swedes. This book, first published in 1989, looks at the process in detail, examining the international operations of Swedish firms since 1970, including acquisitions of foreign firms. The international dimension of business is becoming increasingly important for firms of all sizes, and this analysis of what happens when companies enter and then sustain a presence in the international arena will be of great value to students and teachers of international business and management.