A Detailed History On The Trans Atlantic African Slave Trade

Author : James Walvin
Publisher : Reaktion Books
Page : 258 pages
File Size : 51,8 Mb
Release : 2013-10-15
Category : History
ISBN : 9781780232041

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Crossings by James Walvin Pdf

We all know the story of the slave trade—the infamous Middle Passage, the horrifying conditions on slave ships, the millions that died on the journey, and the auctions that awaited the slaves upon their arrival in the Americas. But much of the writing on the subject has focused on the European traders and the arrival of slaves in North America. In Crossings, eminent historian James Walvin covers these established territories while also traveling back to the story’s origins in Africa and south to Brazil, an often forgotten part of the triangular trade, in an effort to explore the broad sweep of slavery across the Atlantic. Reconstructing the transatlantic slave trade from an extensive archive of new research, Walvin seeks to understand and describe how the trade began in Africa, the terrible ordeals experienced there by people sold into slavery, and the scars that remain on the continent today. Journeying across the ocean, he shows how Brazilian slavery was central to the development of the slave trade itself, as that country tested techniques and methods for trading and slavery that were successfully exported to the Caribbean and the rest of the Americas in the following centuries. Walvin also reveals the answers to vital questions that have never before been addressed, such as how a system that the Western world came to despise endured so long and how the British—who were fundamental in developing and perfecting the slave trade—became the most prominent proponents of its eradication. The most authoritative history of the entire slave trade to date, Crossings offers a new understanding of one of the most important, and tragic, episodes in world history.

Author : James A. Rawley,Stephen D. Behrendt
Publisher : U of Nebraska Press
Page : 464 pages
File Size : 47,9 Mb
Release : 2005-12-01
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9780803205123

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The Transatlantic Slave Trade by James A. Rawley,Stephen D. Behrendt Pdf

The transatlantic slave trade played a major role in the development of the modern world. It both gave birth to and resulted from the shift from feudalism into the European Commercial Revolution. James A. Rawley fills a scholarly gap in the historical discussion of the slave trade from the fifteenth to the nineteenth century by providing one volume covering the economics, demography, epidemiology, and politics of the trade.This revised edition of Rawley's classic, produced with the assistance of Stephen D. Behrendt, includes emended text to reflect the major changes in historiography; current slave trade data tables and accompanying text; updated notes; and the addition of a select bibliography.

Author : J. E. Inikori,Stanley L. Engerman
Publisher : Duke University Press
Page : 428 pages
File Size : 47,5 Mb
Release : 1992-04-30
Category : History
ISBN : 0822312433

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The Atlantic Slave Trade by J. E. Inikori,Stanley L. Engerman Pdf

For review see: J.R. McNeill, in HAHR, 74, 1 (February 1994); p. 136-137.

Author : Oswald Woode
Publisher : Christian Faith Publishing, Inc.
Page : 727 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 2023-11-22
Category : History
ISBN : 9781685707323

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A Detailed History on the Trans-Atlantic African Slave Trade by Oswald Woode Pdf

This African slave trade history is a detailed account of Africa's slave history that started in the fifteenth century. It was started by the southern European Portuguese monarchs, the family of royal lineages. Portugal's golden age of discovery in sea exploration led Portugal to Africa by sea by the 1430s. Then later, in 1492, Christopher Columbus accidentally landed on the Native Indian American continent. Columbus's trip was sponsored by Spanish royal families. That was the period when the Roman Catholic nations, Portugal and Spain, were the dominant European nations. Spain liberated her whole territory from Islamic occupation in late 1400s. The Catholic Church was also very involved in signing treaties with their Roman Catholic spheres of influence nations. By then, Portugal already monopolized the African trade in African goods and human slave trade in the Portuguese-dominated African territories. Portugal first started shipping the African slaves to Europe. With Spain's possession of the Americas, this changed the African slave trade greatly. The American territory promoted the biggest international African slave trade and economic gains for European prosperity to this day. By the sixteenth century, Catholic religious theocracy became challenged by other northern European powers. The reformation movement in northern Europe led to the breaking away by northern European realms from the dominant Catholic religion and established their Protestant Christian religions. These new emerging northern European realms also challenged Portugal's domination and grip of Africa's territories and Africa's slave trade and goods. Based on the treaties signed between Portugal and Spain by Catholic popes, Portugal was supplying the slaves, and Spain was procuring and shipping the African slaves from Portugal's control and forced African slave labor to develop Spain's Americas through extended overseas colonies, and Portugal's Brazil new colony. Meanwhile, Spain's takeover was contracting with European mercenaries the conquistadors to capture the American land from the Native Indians, the original occupiers of the Americas. The paradigm or blueprint of this African slave trade pattern already established by the Portuguese was later replicated by other European realms in Africa and the Americas, and they continued the lucrative African slave trade for more than two hundred years. The establishing of extended overseas territories or colonies by Europeans to build their economies both at home in Europe and the Americas using forced African labor, goods, and repatriation of European colonists to establish the new overseas extended to the Americas. This book is information rich with the African slave trade history dynamics, the European realms, names of monarchs that participated, European slave wars, rivalries, slave laws, European merchants, African noblemen and merchants, slave ships, religions, European and African rituals, Main African territories, overseas sea routes used, African chiefs, merchants, European slave ships, ship captains' accounts, numbers of slaves shipped per trip, goods exchanged, major African tribes, stories of names of slave warriors, slave contracts, European slave treaties, African slave harbors, slave rebellions on land, on ships, the making of American colonies, America's Independence and Latin American countries, the making of the first British Crown, Freed slaves returned to the colony of Province of Freedom, Sierra Leone, etc.

Author : Kenneth Morgan
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
Page : 264 pages
File Size : 52,6 Mb
Release : 2016-04-25
Category : History
ISBN : 9780857728555

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A Short History of Transatlantic Slavery by Kenneth Morgan Pdf

From 1501, when the first slaves arrived in Hispaniola, until the nineteenth century, some twelve million people were abducted from west Africa and shipped across thousands of miles of ocean - the infamous Middle Passage - to work in the colonies of the New World. Perhaps two million Africans died at sea. Why was slavery so widely condoned, during most of this period, by leading lawyers, religious leaders, politicians and philosophers? How was it that the educated classes of the western world were prepared for so long to accept and promote an institution that would later ages be condemned as barbaric? Exploring these and other questions - and the slave experience on the sugar, rice, coffee and cotton plantations - Kenneth Morgan discusses the rise of a distinctively Creole culture; slave revolts, including the successful revolution in Haiti (1791-1804); and the rise of abolitionism, when the ideas of Montesquieu, Wilberforce, Quakers and others led to the slave trade's systemic demise. At a time when the menace of human trafficking is of increasing concern worldwide, this timely book reflects on the deeper motivations of slavery as both ideology and merchant institution.

Author : Edward Reynolds
Publisher : Ivan R. Dee Publisher
Page : 200 pages
File Size : 49,8 Mb
Release : 1993
Category : Slave-trade
ISBN : UCSC:32106013713935

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Stand the Storm by Edward Reynolds Pdf

The best short history of the African slave trade in print, tracing the impact of the trade on both Africa and the West, showing the resilience of African societies, and along the way demolishing a good many historical myths. "Remarkably comprehensive, clearly and simply written, and uncluttered with figures and tables."--Choice.

Author : William D. Phillips
Publisher : Manchester University Press
Page : 322 pages
File Size : 48,8 Mb
Release : 1985
Category : Slavery
ISBN : 0719018250

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Slavery from Roman Times to the Early Transatlantic Trade by William D. Phillips Pdf

Author : Rebecca Shumway
Publisher : University Rochester Press
Page : 250 pages
File Size : 44,7 Mb
Release : 2011
Category : History
ISBN : 9781580463911

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The Fante and the Transatlantic Slave Trade by Rebecca Shumway Pdf

The history of Ghana attracts popular interest out of proportion to its small size and marginal importance to the global economy. Ghana is the land of Kwame Nkrumah and the Pan-Africanist movement of the 1960s; it has been a temporary home to famous African Americans like W. E. B. DuBois and Maya Angelou; and its Asante Kingdom and signature kente cloth-global symbols of African culture and pride-are well known. Ghana also attracts a continuous flow of international tourists because of two historical sites that are among the most notorious monuments of the transatlantic slave trade: Cape Coast and Elmina Castles. These looming structures are a vivid reminder of the horrific trade that gave birth to the black population of the Americas. The Fante and the Transatlantic Slave Trade explores the fascinating history of the transatlantic slave trade on Ghana's coast between 1700 and 1807. Here author Rebecca Shumway brings to life the survival experiences of southern Ghanaians as they became both victims of continuous violence and successful brokers of enslaved human beings. The era of the slave trade gave birth to a new culture in this part of West Africa, just as it was giving birth to new cultures across the Americas. The Fante and the Transatlantic Slave Trade pushes Asante scholarship to the forefront of African diaspora and Atlantic World studies by showing the integral role of Fante middlemen and transatlantic trade in the development of the Asante economy prior to 1807. Rebecca Shumway is Assistant Professor of History at the University of Pittsburgh.

Author : James A. Rawley
Publisher : University of Missouri Press
Page : 212 pages
File Size : 43,5 Mb
Release : 2003
Category : History
ISBN : 9780826264527

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London, Metropolis of the Slave Trade by James A. Rawley Pdf

Author : James Walvin
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 160 pages
File Size : 42,9 Mb
Release : 2014-06-11
Category : History
ISBN : 9781317874164

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Atlas of Slavery by James Walvin Pdf

Slavery transformed Africa, Europe and the Americas and hugely-enhanced the well-being of the West but the subject of slavery can be hard to understand because of its huge geographic and chronological span. This book uses a unique atlas format to present the story of slavery, explaining its historical importance and making this complex story and its geographical setting easy to understand.

Author : David Eltis
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 376 pages
File Size : 53,6 Mb
Release : 2000
Category : History
ISBN : 052165548X

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The Rise of African Slavery in the Americas by David Eltis Pdf

This book provides a fresh interpretation of the development of the English Atlantic slave system.

Author : Basil Davidson
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 364 pages
File Size : 54,7 Mb
Release : 1961
Category : Africa, East
ISBN : UVA:X000003218

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The African Slave Trade by Basil Davidson Pdf

Recreates the story of the slave trade, highlighting excerpts from documents of historians, explorers, and other annalists of the period.

Author : Hugh Thomas
Publisher : Simon and Schuster
Page : 916 pages
File Size : 53,6 Mb
Release : 2013-04-16
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781476737454

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The Slave Trade by Hugh Thomas Pdf

After many years of research, award-winning historian Hugh Thomas portrays, in a balanced account, the complete history of the slave trade. Beginning with the first Portuguese slaving expeditions, Hugh Thomas describes and analyzes the rise of one of the largest and most elaborate maritime and commercial ventures in all of history. Between 1492 and 1870, approximately eleven million black slaves were carried from Africa to the Americas to work on plantations, in mines, or as servants in houses. The Slave Trade is alive with villains and heroes and illuminated by eyewitness accounts. Hugh Thomas's achievement is not only to present a compelling history of the time, but to answer controversial questions as who the traders were, the extent of the profits, and why so many African rulers and peoples willingly collaborated.

Author : Charles River Editors
Publisher : Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
Page : 82 pages
File Size : 41,5 Mb
Release : 2017-09-04
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 1976075645

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The Slave Trade in Africa by Charles River Editors Pdf

*Includes pictures *Includes accounts of the slave trade *Includes online resources and a bibliography for further reading It has often been said that the greatest invention of all time was the sail, which facilitated the internationalization of the globe and thus ushered in the modern era. Columbus' contact with the New World, alongside European maritime contact with the Far East, transformed human history, and in particular the history of Africa. It was the sail that linked the continents of Africa and America, and thus it was also the sail that facilitated the greatest involuntary human migration of all time. The African slave trade is a complex and deeply divisive subject that has had a tendency to evolve according the political requirements of any given age, and is often touchable only with the correct distribution of culpability. It has for many years, therefore, been deemed singularly unpalatable to implicate Africans themselves in the perpetration of the institution, and only in recent years has the large-scale African involvement in both the Atlantic and Indian Ocean Slave Trades come to be an accepted fact. There can, however, be no doubt that even though large numbers of indigenous Africans were liable, it was European ingenuity and greed that fundamentally drove the industrialization of the Transatlantic slave trade in response to massive new market demands created by their equally ruthless exploitation of the Americas. In time, the Atlantic slave trade provided for the labor requirements of the emerging plantation economies of the New World. It was a specific, dedicated and industrial enterprise wherein huge profits were at stake, and a vast and highly organized network of procurement, processing, transport and sale existed to expedite what was in effect a modern commodity market. It existed without sentimentality, without history, and without tradition, and it was only outlawed once the advances of the industrial revolution had created alternative sources of energy for agricultural production. The East African Slave Trade on the other hand, or the Indian Ocean Slave Trade as it was also known, was a far more complex and nuanced phenomenon, far older, significantly more widespread, rooted in ancient traditions, and governed by rules very different to those in the western hemisphere. It is also often referred to as the Arab Slave Trade, although this, specifically, might perhaps be more accurately applied to the more ancient variant of organized African slavery, affecting North Africa, and undertaken prior to the advent of Islam and certainly prior to the spread of the institution south as far as the south/east African coast. It also involved the slavery of non-African races and was, therefore, more general in scope. The African slave trade is a complex and deeply divisive subject that has had a tendency to evolve according the political requirements of any given age, and is often touchable only with the correct distribution of culpability. It has for many years, therefore, been deemed singularly unpalatable to implicate Africans themselves in the perpetration of the institution, and only in recent years has the large-scale African involvement in both the Atlantic and Indian Ocean Slave Trades come to be an accepted fact. There can, however, be no doubt that even though large numbers of indigenous Africans were liable, it was European ingenuity and greed that fundamentally drove the industrialization of the Transatlantic slave trade in response to massive new market demands created by their equally ruthless exploitation of the Americas. The Slave Trade in Africa: The History and Legacy of the Transatlantic Slave Trade and East African Slave Trade across the Indian Ocean looks at the notorious trade networks. Along with pictures of important people, places, and events, you will learn about the slave trade in Africa like never before.

Author : Toby Green
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 128 pages
File Size : 44,8 Mb
Release : 2011-10-10
Category : History
ISBN : 9781139503587

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The Rise of the Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade in Western Africa, 1300–1589 by Toby Green Pdf

The region between the river Senegal and Sierra Leone saw the first trans-Atlantic slave trade in the sixteenth century. Drawing on many new sources, Toby Green challenges current quantitative approaches to the history of the slave trade. New data on slave origins can show how and why Western African societies responded to Atlantic pressures. Green argues that answering these questions requires a cultural framework and uses the idea of creolization - the formation of mixed cultural communities in the era of plantation societies - to argue that preceding social patterns in both Africa and Europe were crucial. Major impacts of the sixteenth-century slave trade included political fragmentation, changes in identity and the re-organization of ritual and social patterns. The book shows which peoples were enslaved, why they were vulnerable and the consequences in Africa and beyond.