A Grammar Of Qiang

Author : Randy J. LaPolla,Chenglong Huang
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter
Page : 464 pages
File Size : 44,7 Mb
Release : 2008-08-22
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9783110197273

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A Grammar of Qiang by Randy J. LaPolla,Chenglong Huang Pdf

This book is a full reference grammar of Qiang, one of the minority languages of southwest China, spoken by about 70,000 Qiang and Tibetan people in Aba Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefecture in northern Sichuan Province. It belongs to the Qiangic branch of Tibeto-Burman (one of the two major branches of Sino-Tibetan). The dialect presented in the book is the Northern Qiang variety spoken in Ronghong Village, Yadu Township, Chibusu District, Mao County. This book, the first book-length description of the Qiang language in English, is the result of many years of work on the language, and is as typologically comprehensive as possible. It includes not only the reference grammar, but also an ethnological overview, several fully analyzed texts (mostly traditional stories), and an annotated glossary. The language is verb final, agglutinative (prefixing and suffixing), and has both head-marking and dependent marking morphology. The phonology of Qiang is quite complex, with 39 consonants at seven points of articulation, plus complex consonant clusters, both in initial and final position, as well as vowel harmony, vowel length distinctions, and a set of retroflexed vowels. The grammar also is complex, with a paradigm of eight direction marking verbal prefixes, and two paradigms for person marking, one for actor, one for non-actor, and a variety of other verbal prefixes and suffixes, as well as definite and number marking on nouns. Noun phrases take classifiers and relational pospositions as well.

Author : Wuxi Zheng
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 282 pages
File Size : 49,8 Mb
Release : 2017
Category : China
ISBN : 3862888312

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A Grammar of Longxi Qiang by Wuxi Zheng Pdf

This book presents a comprehensive grammatical description of Longxi Qiang, a little-studied Qiang language of Sichuan. It contains 14 chapters that covers phonology, nominal and verbal form classes, adverbs, nominal morphology, aspect, person, mood, evidentiality, epistemic modality, negation, structure of clause, clause combining and discourse features.0Longxi Qiang is a tonal, verb-final, agglutinative language. It is a head-marking and dependent-marking language. Nominal morphological processes in Longxi Qiang include compounding, derivation and inflection. Verbal morphology includes person, aspect, mood, direction, causation, evidentiality, and negation morphemes. Agentive marking in Longxi Qiang is semantically and pragmatically motivated, not syntactically motivated. Person markers reflect aspect to a great degree. Co-reference in texts can be realized by a pronoun, ellipsis, a repeated form and by lexical replacement.0The production of this book is based on the author?s PhD dissertation. One of the examiners comments that the completion of this dissertation is an important achievement, filling a lacuna in the description of endangered languages of Southern China.

Author : Christina Willis Oko
Publisher : BRILL
Page : 592 pages
File Size : 54,8 Mb
Release : 2019-08-26
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9789004409491

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A Grammar of Darma by Christina Willis Oko Pdf

A Grammar of Darma provides a comprehensive description of this threatened Tibeto-Burman language spoken in India’s Himalayan region. The description is based on a corpus that includes natural discourse and elicited data. The analysis is informed by a functional-typological framework.

Author : Picus Sizhi Ding
Publisher : BRILL
Page : 405 pages
File Size : 46,9 Mb
Release : 2014-06-05
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9789004279773

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A Grammar of Prinmi by Picus Sizhi Ding Pdf

A Grammar of Prinmi represents the first in-depth description of a Tibeto-Burman language spoken by the Pǔmǐ Nationality and the Zàng Nationality (in Mùlǐ, Sichuan) in southwest China. Prinmi belongs to the Qiangic branch and is closely related to the extinct language of Tangut. Picus Ding examines in the grammar the phonology (both segmental and suprasegmental), morphology, syntax and information structure of Prinmi, with two sample texts and an English-Prinmi glossary provided in appendices. Some noteworthy features of Prinmi include a wealth of clitics (appearing as proclitic, enclitic, mesoclitic or endoclitic), a lexical tone system akin to Japanese, and a collection of existential verbs that discriminates concreteness, animacy, and location.

Author : Li Jiang
Publisher : BRILL
Page : 466 pages
File Size : 52,7 Mb
Release : 2015-05-19
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9789004293045

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A Grammar of Guìqióng by Li Jiang Pdf

In A Grammar of Guìqióng, Jiāng Lì describes the grammar of Guìqióng, a hitherto undocumented language spoken by alpine people in Kāngdìng county, China. Guìqióng has a lot to offer in its phonology, verbal and nominal morphology, syntax and glossary, distinguishing itself from the neighbouring Tibetan, Chinese, Qiangic and Loloish languages. The newly discovered features of Guìqióng include breathy vs. modal voice, indefinite number, ablative, ergative, instrumental, dative and genitive case markers, topic and emphatic markers, the diminutive suffixes, the pronominal and deictic systems, demonstratives and numerals, a rich store of differentiated copular verbs expressing equationality, inchoative, animacy vs. inanimacy, dependent existence and negation, verbal affixes indicating directions, present tense of experienced perceptions, gnomic tense, perfective vs. imperfective aspect, modality and evidentiality.

Author : Selin Grollmann
Publisher : BRILL
Page : 530 pages
File Size : 48,5 Mb
Release : 2020-07-20
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9789004435230

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A Grammar of Bjokapakha by Selin Grollmann Pdf

A Grammar of Bjokapakha by Selin Grollmann constitutes the first description of Bjokapakha, an endangered language spoken in central Bhutan belonging to the Tshangla branch of Trans-Himalayan. This grammar comprises a description of the phonology, lexicon, nominal morphology, predicate structures and syntax. In addition to the descriptive parts, this book encompasses a historical-comparative account of Bjokapakha. The introductory chapter provides a comparison with the standard variety of Tshangla and corroborates the internal diversity of the Tshangla branch. The present-day structure of Bjokapakha verbal morphology is illuminated by means of an internal reconstruction. Moreover, this book contains a glossary and a text collection.

Author : Manuel Widmer
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
Page : 803 pages
File Size : 45,9 Mb
Release : 2017-09-11
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9783110766295

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A Grammar of Bunan by Manuel Widmer Pdf

This book provides a comprehensive grammatical description of Bunan, a Tibeto-Burman languages that is spoken by approximately 4,000 people in the North Indian Himalayas. The grammar offers a systematic analysis of a wide range of grammatical phenomena, ranging from phonetics and phonology to complex syntactic constructions. Moreover, it contains a wealth of historical annotations, annotated texts, and a Bunan-English glossary.

Author : Weirong Chen
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
Page : 542 pages
File Size : 44,9 Mb
Release : 2020-02-10
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9781501511868

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A Grammar of Southern Min by Weirong Chen Pdf

Southern Min (also known as Hokkien or Minnan) is a major branch of Chinese spoken mainly in Fujian and Taiwan, but also in Guangdong, Hainan and Hong Kong, as well as in many countries of Southeast Asia. Highly conservative in its linguistic profile, it is considered by many scholars to be a living language fossil due to the preservation of many archaic features that reflect its long-lasting history and culture. Yet to date there has been no comprehensive study of Southern Min using a typological framework, as the tendency is to base analyses on the model of Mandarin Chinese, the standard language. This grammar aims to present a systematic description of the Hui'an variety of Southern Min, mainly based on data collected via naturally occurring conversation. The volume includes four parts: nominal structure, predicate structure, clause structure and complex sentences, as well as a brief overview of phonology. It will have great appeal for heritage speakers, graduate students and scholars in both Chinese linguistics and typology.

Author : Graham Thurgood,Randy J. LaPolla
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 1268 pages
File Size : 48,5 Mb
Release : 2016-12-08
Category : Foreign Language Study
ISBN : 9781315399485

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The Sino-Tibetan Languages by Graham Thurgood,Randy J. LaPolla Pdf

There are more native speakers of Sino-Tibetan languages than of any other language family in the world. Our records of these languages are among the oldest for any human language, and the amount of active research on them has multiplied in the last few decades. Now in its second edition and fully updated to include new research, The Sino-Tibetan Languages includes overview articles on individual languages, with an emphasis on the less commonly described languages, as well as descriptions and comments on the subgroups in which they occur. There are overviews of the whole family on genetic classification and language contact, syntax and morphology, and also on word order typology. There are also more detailed overview articles on the phonology, morphosyntax, and writing system of just the Sinitic side of the family. Supplementing these overviews are articles on Shanghainese, Cantonese and Mandarin dialects. Tibeto-Burman is reviewed by genetic or geographical sub-group, with overview articles on some of the major groups and areas, and there are also detailed descriptions of 41 individual Tibeto-Burman languages, written by world experts in the field. Designed for students and researchers of Asian languages, The Sino-Tibetan Languages is a detailed overview of the field. This book is invaluable to language students, experts requiring concise, but thorough, information on related languages, and researchers working in historical, typological and comparative linguistics.

Author : Katja Hetterle
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
Page : 338 pages
File Size : 46,7 Mb
Release : 2015-11-13
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9783110409857

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Adverbial Clauses in Cross-Linguistic Perspective by Katja Hetterle Pdf

This study investigates adverbial clauses from a cross-linguistic perspective. In line with other recent typological research in the context of complex sentences and clause-linkage, it proceeds from a detailed, multivariate analysis of the morphosyntactic characteristics of the phenomenon under scrutiny.

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Univ of California Press
Page : 884 pages
File Size : 49,9 Mb
Release : 1979
Category : Chinese language
ISBN : 8210379456XXX

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A Grammar of Spoken Chinese by Anonim Pdf

Author : Friederike Moltmann,Mark Textor
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 288 pages
File Size : 41,9 Mb
Release : 2017-07-03
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780190666620

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Act-Based Conceptions of Propositional Content by Friederike Moltmann,Mark Textor Pdf

The notion of a propositional content plays a central role in contemporary philosophy of language. Propositional content makes up both the meaning of sentences and the content of propositional attitudes such as belief. One particular view about propositional content has been dominant in analytic philosophy, namely the Fregean conception of propositions as abstract mind-independent objects that come with truth conditions. But propositions in this sense raise a range of issues, which have become a center of debate in current philosophy of language. In particular, how should propositions as abstract objects be understood and how can they represent things and be true or false? A number of philosophers in contemporary analytic philosophy as well as in early analytic philosophy and phenomenology have approached the notion of a propositional content in a different way, not by starting out with an abstract truth berarer, but by focusing on cognitive acts of agents, such as acts of judging. It is in terms of such acts that the notion of a propositional content, on their view, should be understood. The act-based perspective historically goes back to the work of Central European philosophers, in particular that of Husserl, Twardowski, Meinong, and Reinach. However, their work has been unduly neglected and is in fact largely inaccessible to contemporary analytic philosophers. The volume presents a central selection of work of these philosophers that bear on an act-based conception of philosophical content, some of which in new translations (one paper by Reinach), some of which published in English for the very first time (two papers by Twardowski). In addition, the volume presents new work by leading contemporary philosophers of language pursuing or discussing an act-based conception of propositional content. Moreover, the book contains a crosslinguistic study of nominalizations for actions and products, a distinction that plays a central role in the philosophy of language of Twardowski.

Author : Roberto Zariquiey,Masayoshi Shibatani,David W. Fleck
Publisher : John Benjamins Publishing Company
Page : 672 pages
File Size : 47,6 Mb
Release : 2019-08-08
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9789027262738

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Nominalization in Languages of the Americas by Roberto Zariquiey,Masayoshi Shibatani,David W. Fleck Pdf

Recent scholarship has confirmed earlier observations that nominalization plays a crucial role in the formation of complex constructions in the world’s languages. Grammatical nominalizations are one of the most salient and widespread features of languages of the Americas, yet they have not been approached as foundational grammatical structures for constructions such as relative clauses and complement clauses. This is due to an imbalance in past scholarship, which has tended to focus on these constructions at the expense of the nominalization structures underlying them. The papers in this collection treat grammatical nominalizations in their own right, and as a starting point for the investigation of their uses in complex grammatical structures. A representative sample of Amerindian languages, with focus on South America, examines properties of grammatical nominalizations such as their multiple functions, their internal and external syntax, and their diachronic development. Among the far-reaching theoretical conclusions reached by the studies in this volume is that the various types of relative clauses recognized in the typological literature are actually no more than epiphenomena arising from the different uses of grammatical nominalizations.

Author : R. M. W. Dixon
Publisher : OUP Oxford
Page : 508 pages
File Size : 46,6 Mb
Release : 2009-10-01
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9780191571459

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Basic Linguistic Theory Volume 2 by R. M. W. Dixon Pdf

In Basic Linguistic Theory R. M. W. Dixon provides a new and fundamental characterization of the nature of human languages and a comprehensive guide to their description and analysis. In three clearly written and accessible volumes, he describes how best to go about doing linguistics, the most satisfactory and profitable ways to work, and the pitfalls to avoid. In the first volume he addresses the methodology for recording, analysing, and comparing languages. He argues that grammatical structures and rules should be worked out inductively on the basis of evidence, explaining in detail the steps by which an attested grammar and lexicon can built up from observed utterances. He shows how the grammars and words of one language may be compared to others of the same or different families, explains the methods involved in cross-linguistic parametric analyses, and describes how to interpret the results. Volume 2 and volume 3 (to be published in 2011) offer in-depth tours of underlying principles of grammatical organization, as well as many of the facts of grammatical variation. 'The task of the linguist,' Professor Dixon writes, 'is to explain the nature of human languages - each viewed as an integrated system - together with an explanation of why each language is the way it is, allied to the further scientific pursuits of prediction and evaluation.' Basic Linguistic Theory is the triumphant outcome of a lifetime's thinking about every aspect and manifestation of language and immersion in linguistic fieldwork. It is a one-stop text for undergraduate and graduate students of linguistics, as well as for those in neighbouring disciplines, such as psychology and anthropology.

Author : Dongqi Li
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 355 pages
File Size : 43,6 Mb
Release : 2023-05-16
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9789811988219

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A Systemic Functional Typology of MOOD by Dongqi Li Pdf

The grammatical category of (sentence) mood has been of central interest to many branches of linguistics, including linguistic typology and systemic functional linguistics. This book is a successful integration of the typological and systemic functional approaches to mood, aiming to investigate the commonalities and variations across languages in both mood system and mood structure. To this aim, it establishes a geographically, genetically and typologically representative sample of 60 languages and provides detailed systemic functional descriptions of the mood system and mood structure of these languages. Based on such descriptions, it makes cross-linguistic comparisons of the mood system and mood structure of the languages in the sample. Structurally, it explores the cross-linguistic commonalities and variations in (i) the realizations of some major functional elements in mood structure, (ii) the realizations of mood options and (iii) the realizations of mood system. Systemically, it investigates how languages resemble and vary from each other in (i) the subtypes of major mood types, (ii) the organization of mood system and (iii) the semantic dimensions along which mood system is elaborated further in delicacy. Moreover, building on the descriptions and comparisons, it makes some generalizations about the structural and systemic features of mood and proposes some tentative explanations for the commonalities and variations languages display in mood system and mood structure. This book is an empirical and holistic approach to the typology of mood and contributes to a deeper understanding of the grammatical category. It is of special interest to systemic functional linguists, typologists, grammarians and descriptive linguists.