A Guide To Forensic Dna Profiling

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A Guide to Forensic DNA Profiling

Scott Bader
A Guide to Forensic DNA Profiling Book PDF

Author : Scott Bader
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 453 pages
File Size : 40,9 Mb
Release : 2016-03-21
Category : Law
ISBN : 9781118751527

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A Guide to Forensic DNA Profiling by Scott Bader Pdf

The increasingly arcane world of DNA profiling demands that those needing to understand at least some of it must find a source of reliable and understandable information. Combining material from the successful Wiley Encyclopedia of Forensic Science with newly commissioned and updated material, the Editors have used their own extensive experience in criminal casework across the world to compile an informative guide that will provide knowledge and thought-provoking articles of interest to anyone involved or interested in the use of DNA in the forensic context. Following extensive introductory chapters covering forensic DNA profiling and forensic genetics, this comprehensive volume presents a substantial breadth of material covering: Fundamental material – including sources of DNA, validation, and accreditation Analysis and interpretation – including, extraction, quantification, amplification and interpretation of electropherograms (epgs) Evaluation – including mixtures, low template, and transfer Applications – databases, paternity and kinship, mitochondrial-DNA, wildlife DNA, single-nucleotide polymorphism, phenotyping and familial searching Court - report writing, discovery, cross examination, and current controversies With contributions from leading experts across the whole gamut of forensic science, this volume is intended to be authoritative but not authoritarian, informative but comprehensible, and comprehensive but concise. It will prove to be a valuable addition, and useful resource, for scientists, lawyers, teachers, criminologists, and judges.

Forensic DNA Profiling

Jo-Anne Bright,Michael Coble
Forensic DNA Profiling Book PDF

Author : Jo-Anne Bright,Michael Coble
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 132 pages
File Size : 45,9 Mb
Release : 2019-12-09
Category : Law
ISBN : 9780429671425

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Forensic DNA Profiling by Jo-Anne Bright,Michael Coble Pdf

DNA testing and its forensic analysis are recognized as the “gold standard” in forensic identification science methods. However, there is a great need for a hands-on step-by-step guide to teach the forensic DNA community how to interpret DNA mixtures, how to assign a likelihood ratio, and how to use the subsequent likelihood ratio when reporting interpretation conclusions. Forensic DNA Profiling: A Practical Guide to Assigning Likelihood Ratios will provide a roadmap for labs all over the world and the next generation of analysts who need this foundational understanding. The techniques used in forensic DNA analysis are based upon the accepted principles of molecular biology. The interpretation of a good-quality DNA profile generated from a crime scene stain from a single-source donor provides an unambiguous result when using the most modern forensic DNA methods. Unfortunately, many crime scene profiles are not single source. They are described as mixed since they contain DNA from two or more individuals. Interpretation of DNA mixtures represents one of the greatest challenges to the forensic DNA analyst. As such, the book introduces terms used to describe DNA profiles and profile interpretation. Chapters explain DNA extraction methods, the polymerase chain reaction (PCR), capillary electrophoresis (CE), likelihood ratios (LRs) and their interpretation, and population genetic models—including Mendelian inheritance and Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. It is important that analysts understand how LRs are generated in a probabilistic framework, ideally with an appreciation of both semicontinuous and fully continuous probabilistic approaches. KEY FEATURES: • The first book to focus entirely on DNA mixtures and the complexities involved with interpreting the results • Takes a hands-on approach offering theory with worked examples and exercises to be easily understood and implementable by laboratory personnel • New methods, heretofore unpublished previously, provide a means to innovate deconvoluting a mixed DNA profile, assign an LR, and appropriately report the weight of evidence • Includes a chapter on assigning LRs for close relatives (i.e., “It’s not me, it was my brother”), and discusses strategies for the validation of probabilistic genotyping software Forensic DNA Profiling fills the void for labs unfamiliar with LRs, and moving to probabilistic solutions, and for labs already familiar with LRs, but wishing to understand how they are calculated in more detail. The book will be a welcome read for lab professionals and technicians, students, and legal professionals seeking to understand and apply the techniques covered.

Genetic Testimony

Charlotte Spencer
Genetic Testimony Book PDF

Author : Charlotte Spencer
Publisher : Prentice Hall
Page : 56 pages
File Size : 49,5 Mb
Release : 2004
Category : DNA fingerprinting
ISBN : CORNELL:31924089464840

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Genetic Testimony by Charlotte Spencer Pdf

For undergraduate courses in introductory-level Human Genetics, Biochemistry, and Molecular Biology courses. Also appropriate as a resource for law schools, legal clinics, and law enforcement offices. Part of the "Prentice Hall Exploring Biology Series", DNA Forensics explores the subject of modern DNA profiling in straightforward language, requiring and is aimed at students with little background in science or biotechnology. It raises controversial questions about the uses and potential misuses of DNA forensics; and illustrates issues by presenting recent criminal cases involving DNA profiling. A valuable resource for undergraduate science students, it introduces basic concepts of genetics and biotechnology in the context of one of the most important developments in modern criminal investigation.

A Guide to Forensic DNA Profiling

Allan Jamieson,Scott Bader
A Guide to Forensic DNA Profiling Book PDF

Author : Allan Jamieson,Scott Bader
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 128 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 2016
Category : DNA fingerprinting
ISBN : 1787851109

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A Guide to Forensic DNA Profiling by Allan Jamieson,Scott Bader Pdf

The increasingly arcane world of DNA profiling demands that those needing to understand at least some of it must find a source of reliable and understandable information.

Weight-of-Evidence for Forensic DNA Profiles

David J. Balding,Christopher D. Steele
Weight of Evidence for Forensic DNA Profiles Book PDF

Author : David J. Balding,Christopher D. Steele
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 232 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 2015-05-11
Category : Mathematics
ISBN : 9781118814536

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Weight-of-Evidence for Forensic DNA Profiles by David J. Balding,Christopher D. Steele Pdf

DNA evidence is widely used in the modern justice system. Statistical methodology plays a key role in ensuring that this evidence is collected, interpreted, analysed and presented correctly. This book is a guide to assessing DNA evidence and presenting that evidence in a courtroom setting. It offers practical guidance to forensic scientists with little dependence on mathematical ability, and provides the scientist with the understanding they require to apply the methods in their work. Since the publication of the first edition of this book in 2005 there have been many incremental changes, and one dramatic change which is the emergence of low template DNA (LTDNA) profiles. This second edition is edited and expanded to cover the basics of LTDNA technology. The author's own open-source R code likeLTD is described and used for worked examples in the book. Commercial and free software are also covered.

Forensic Practitioner's Guide to the Interpretation of Complex DNA Profiles

Peter Gill,Øyvind Bleka,Oskar Hansson,Corina Benschop,Hinda Haned
Forensic Practitioner s Guide to the Interpretation of Complex DNA Profiles Book PDF

Author : Peter Gill,Øyvind Bleka,Oskar Hansson,Corina Benschop,Hinda Haned
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 532 pages
File Size : 43,8 Mb
Release : 2020-06-10
Category : Law
ISBN : 9780128205686

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Forensic Practitioner's Guide to the Interpretation of Complex DNA Profiles by Peter Gill,Øyvind Bleka,Oskar Hansson,Corina Benschop,Hinda Haned Pdf

Over the past twenty years, there’s been a gradual shift in the way forensic scientists approach the evaluation of DNA profiling evidence that is taken to court. Many laboratories are now adopting ‘probabilistic genotyping’ to interpret complex DNA mixtures. However, current practice is very diverse, where a whole range of technologies are used to interpret DNA profiles and the software approaches advocated are commonly used throughout the world. Forensic Practitioner’s Guide to the Interpretation of Complex DNA Profiles places the main concepts of DNA profiling into context and fills a niche that is unoccupied in current literature. The book begins with an introduction to basic forensic genetics, covering a brief historical description of the development and harmonization of STR markers and national DNA databases. The laws of statistics are described, along with the likelihood ratio based on Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium and alternative models considering sub-structuring and relatedness. The historical development of low template mixture analysis, theory and practice, is also described, so the reader has a full understanding of rationale and progression. Evaluation of evidence and statement writing is described in detail, along with common pitfalls and their avoidance. The authors have been at the forefront of the revolution, having made substantial contributions to theory and practice over the past two decades. All methods described are open-source and freely available, supported by sets of test-data and links to web-sites with further information. This book is written primarily for the biologist with little or no statistical training. However, sufficient information will also be provided for the experienced statistician. Consequently, the book appeals to a diverse audience Covers short tandem repeat (STR) analysis, including database searching and massive parallel sequencing (both STRs and SNPs) Encourages dissemination and understanding of probabilistic genotyping by including practical examples of varying complexity Written by authors intimately involved with software development, training at international workshops and reporting cases worldwide using the methods described in this book

Weight-of-Evidence for Forensic DNA Profiles

David J. Balding,Christopher D. Steele
Weight of Evidence for Forensic DNA Profiles Book PDF

Author : David J. Balding,Christopher D. Steele
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 232 pages
File Size : 53,6 Mb
Release : 2015-07-20
Category : Mathematics
ISBN : 9781118814550

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Weight-of-Evidence for Forensic DNA Profiles by David J. Balding,Christopher D. Steele Pdf

DNA evidence is widely used in the modern justice system. Statistical methodology plays a key role in ensuring that this evidence is collected, interpreted, analysed and presented correctly. This book is a guide to assessing DNA evidence and presenting that evidence in a courtroom setting. It offers practical guidance to forensic scientists with little dependence on mathematical ability, and provides the scientist with the understanding they require to apply the methods in their work. Since the publication of the first edition of this book in 2005 there have been many incremental changes, and one dramatic change which is the emergence of low template DNA (LTDNA) profiles. This second edition is edited and expanded to cover the basics of LTDNA technology. The author's own open-source R code likeLTD is described and used for worked examples in the book. Commercial and free software are also covered.

Weight-of-Evidence for Forensic DNA Profiles

David J. Balding
Weight of Evidence for Forensic DNA Profiles Book PDF

Author : David J. Balding
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 198 pages
File Size : 45,7 Mb
Release : 2005-04-08
Category : Mathematics
ISBN : 9780470867662

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Weight-of-Evidence for Forensic DNA Profiles by David J. Balding Pdf

Assessing Weight-of-Evidence for DNA Profiles is an excellent introductory text to the use of statistical analysis for assessing DNA evidence. It offers practical guidance to forensic scientists with little dependence on mathematical ability as the book includes background information on statistics – including likelihood ratios – population genetics, and courtroom issues. The author, who is highly experienced in this field, has illustrated the book throughout with his own experiences as well as providing a theoretical underpinning to the subject. It is an ideal choice for forensic scientists and lawyers, as well as statisticians and population geneticists with an interest in forensic science and DNA.

Forensic Analysis of Biological Evidence

J. Thomas McClintock
Forensic Analysis of Biological Evidence Book PDF

Author : J. Thomas McClintock
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 176 pages
File Size : 48,5 Mb
Release : 2017-08-02
Category : Law
ISBN : 9781466504585

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Forensic Analysis of Biological Evidence by J. Thomas McClintock Pdf

A powerful tool in the identification of individuals, DNA typing has revolutionized criminal and paternity investigations. Widespread analysis is now conducted by public and private laboratories in the United States and abroad. Focusing on the basic techniques used in forensic DNA laboratories, Forensic Analysis of Biological Evidence: A Laboratory

The Evaluation of Forensic DNA Evidence

National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Commission on Life Sciences,Committee on DNA Forensic Science: An Update
The Evaluation of Forensic DNA Evidence Book PDF

Author : National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Commission on Life Sciences,Committee on DNA Forensic Science: An Update
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 271 pages
File Size : 52,8 Mb
Release : 1997-01-12
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780309121941

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The Evaluation of Forensic DNA Evidence by National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Commission on Life Sciences,Committee on DNA Forensic Science: An Update Pdf

In 1992 the National Research Council issued DNA Technology in Forensic Science, a book that documented the state of the art in this emerging field. Recently, this volume was brought to worldwide attention in the murder trial of celebrity O. J. Simpson. The Evaluation of Forensic DNA Evidence reports on developments in population genetics and statistics since the original volume was published. The committee comments on statements in the original book that proved controversial or that have been misapplied in the courts. This volume offers recommendations for handling DNA samples, performing calculations, and other aspects of using DNA as a forensic toolâ€"modifying some recommendations presented in the 1992 volume. The update addresses two major areas: Determination of DNA profiles. The committee considers how laboratory errors (particularly false matches) can arise, how errors might be reduced, and how to take into account the fact that the error rate can never be reduced to zero. Interpretation of a finding that the DNA profile of a suspect or victim matches the evidence DNA. The committee addresses controversies in population genetics, exploring the problems that arise from the mixture of groups and subgroups in the American population and how this substructure can be accounted for in calculating frequencies. This volume examines statistical issues in interpreting frequencies as probabilities, including adjustments when a suspect is found through a database search. The committee includes a detailed discussion of what its recommendations would mean in the courtroom, with numerous case citations. By resolving several remaining issues in the evaluation of this increasingly important area of forensic evidence, this technical update will be important to forensic scientists and population geneticistsâ€"and helpful to attorneys, judges, and others who need to understand DNA and the law. Anyone working in laboratories and in the courts or anyone studying this issue should own this book.

Forensic DNA Analyses Made Simple

Omar Bagasra,Ewen McLean
Forensic DNA Analyses Made Simple Book PDF

Author : Omar Bagasra,Ewen McLean
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 147 pages
File Size : 42,7 Mb
Release : 2023-07-13
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781000881165

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Forensic DNA Analyses Made Simple by Omar Bagasra,Ewen McLean Pdf

Sequencing genetic material is now common practice. The general population have become consumers of this information but without an understanding of the biological processes that render sequencing data useful. The interpretation of genetic sequence depends on an appreciation of the basics of genetics and the limits of such data. This book provides the background necessary to understand, interpret, and apply sequencing information to real- world problems. Replication of genetic material, the structure of DNA, typing methods, and forensic applications are all discussed in this useful primer. Key Features • Provides self-learning about DNA fingerprinting. • Includes sections on how to analyze and interpret DNA fingerprinting. • Covers legal and medicolegal issues and case analyses. • Teaches novice legal community about DNA fingerprints. • Summarizes for a general audience the role of ancestry, DNA, and what that means.

Fundamentals of Forensic DNA Typing

John M. Butler
Fundamentals of Forensic DNA Typing Book PDF

Author : John M. Butler
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 519 pages
File Size : 55,9 Mb
Release : 2009-09-30
Category : Law
ISBN : 9780080961767

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Fundamentals of Forensic DNA Typing by John M. Butler Pdf

Fundamentals of Forensic DNA Typing is written with a broad viewpoint. It examines the methods of current forensic DNA typing, focusing on short tandem repeats (STRs). It encompasses current forensic DNA analysis methods, as well as biology, technology and genetic interpretation. This book reviews the methods of forensic DNA testing used in the first two decades since early 1980’s, and it offers perspectives on future trends in this field, including new genetic markers and new technologies. Furthermore, it explains the process of DNA testing from collection of samples through DNA extraction, DNA quantitation, DNA amplification, and statistical interpretation. The book also discusses DNA databases, which play an important role in law enforcement investigations. In addition, there is a discussion about ethical concerns in retaining DNA profiles and the issues involved when people use a database to search for close relatives. Students of forensic DNA analysis, forensic scientists, and members of the law enforcement and legal professions who want to know more about STR typing will find this book invaluable. Includes a glossary with over 400 terms for quick reference of unfamiliar terms as well as an acronym guide to decipher the DNA dialect Continues in the style of Forensic DNA Typing, 2e, with high-profile cases addressed in D.N.A.Boxes-- "Data, Notes & Applications" sections throughout Ancillaries include: instructor manual Web site, with tailored set of 1000+ PowerPoint slides (including figures), links to online training websites and a test bank with key

Handbook of DNA Forensic Applications and Interpretation

Amit Kumar,G. K. Goswami,Edwin Huffine
Handbook of DNA Forensic Applications and Interpretation Book PDF

Author : Amit Kumar,G. K. Goswami,Edwin Huffine
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 190 pages
File Size : 42,7 Mb
Release : 2022-07-01
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9789811900433

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Handbook of DNA Forensic Applications and Interpretation by Amit Kumar,G. K. Goswami,Edwin Huffine Pdf

This handbook covers tested and proven DNA forensic testing methodologies, forensic bioinformatics techniques, case studies and current forensic legal framework for investigation of variety of crimes and provides a clinching evidence for speedy justice. DNA testing is widely used for forensic purposes and is changing the paradigm of (crime) investigation. The book contains chapters on usage of ultramodern DNA collection kits, presents era evidence collection and preservation, high-end DNA sample analysis in laboratory, DNA legislation, expert evidences, challenging and successful case studies, data generation and application of AI and IoT techniques for DNA data analysis, DNA databanks and training manpower to facilitate timely reporting to the requesting agencies. This handbook equips and enables police, investigators and crime analysis laboratories with knowhow of high-end tools, procedures and techniques to link or exclude a criminal to a crime. It is expected that this will be used by first responders, police, forensic analysts, judiciaries, evidence handlers and students and scholars of criminology and forensic sciences worldwide. The intention to write this handbook is to make DNA technology and its importance reach every common man and professional for correctly using it as a tool as and when required. This is quite evident that awareness of DNA technology has increased at a reasonable pace. Courts and investigating agencies are convinced and confident with its accuracy, reliability and unmatched peace delivered by various techniques of DNA fingerprinting and DNA profiling.

An Introduction to Forensic DNA Analysis, Second Edition

Norah Rudin,Keith Inman
An Introduction to Forensic DNA Analysis Second Edition Book PDF

Author : Norah Rudin,Keith Inman
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 332 pages
File Size : 41,5 Mb
Release : 2001-12-21
Category : Law
ISBN : 1420058509

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An Introduction to Forensic DNA Analysis, Second Edition by Norah Rudin,Keith Inman Pdf

Significant advances in DNA analysis techniques have surfaced since the 1997 publication of the bestselling An Introduction to Forensic DNA Analysis. DNA typing has become increasingly automated and miniaturized. Also, with the advent of Short Tandem Repeat (STR) technology, even the most minute sample of degraded DNA can yield a profile, providing valuable case information. However, just as the judicial system slowly and reluctantly accepted RFLP and AmpliType® PM+DQA1 typing, it is now scrutinizing the admissibility of STRs. Acknowledging STR typing as the current system of choice, An Introduction to Forensic DNA Analysis, Second Edition translates new and established concepts into plain English so that laypeople can gain insight into how DNA analysis works, from sample collection to interpretation of results. In response to the shift toward more efficient techniques, the authors cover the legal admissibility of STR typing, expand the chapter on DNA databases, and revise the section on automated analysis. They also present key decisions and appellate or supreme court rulings that provide precedent at the state and federal levels. Discussing forensic DNA issues from both a scientific and a legal perspective, the authors of An Introduction to Forensic DNA Analysis, Second Edition present the material in a manner understandable by professionals in the legal system, law enforcement, and forensic science. They cover general principles in a clear fashion and include a glossary of terms and other useful appendices for easy reference.

DNA Fingerprinting: Advancements and Future Endeavors

Hirak Ranjan Dash,Pankaj Shrivastava,Braja Kishore Mohapatra,Surajit Das
DNA Fingerprinting Advancements and Future Endeavors Book PDF

Author : Hirak Ranjan Dash,Pankaj Shrivastava,Braja Kishore Mohapatra,Surajit Das
Publisher : Springer
Page : 325 pages
File Size : 42,7 Mb
Release : 2018-11-01
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9789811315831

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DNA Fingerprinting: Advancements and Future Endeavors by Hirak Ranjan Dash,Pankaj Shrivastava,Braja Kishore Mohapatra,Surajit Das Pdf

This book describes the basics and various applications of DNA fingerprinting, including in actual case studies. The book is divided in four modules; Module 1: Basics of DNA Fingerprinting, Module 2: Applications of DNA Fingerprinting, Module 3: DNA Fingerprinting: Case Studies, and Module 4: Future of DNA Fingerprinting. Each module consists of 4 to 5 chapters, written by reputed researchers, academics and forensic scientists from around the globe. The respective chapters cover e.g. related fields, the tools and techniques used, various genotyping kits, real-world case studies, ancient DNA and wild life forensics, molecular diagnosis of human diseases, legal aspects, microbial forensics and the economics of the DNA fingerprinting technique. The book offers a practical guide for professionals, graduate and post-graduate students in the fields of Forensic Science, Medicine, Genetics, Anthropology, Microbiology, and Zoology. It also serves as a useful reference resource, summarizing major technological advances in the field of DNA fingerprinting, the problems faced in this field of science and possible new solutions to these problems. Presently, DNA fingerprinting is utilized in solving the majority of criminal cases; as such, the book is also helpful for investigating agencies, as it includes representative case studies.