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Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 80 pages
File Size : 44,7 Mb
Release : 1845
Category : Maltese language
ISBN : HARVARD:HX5BQ8
Author : Joseph M. Brincat
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 49,7 Mb
Release : 2011
Category : Maltese language
ISBN : 9993273430
Throughout the ages, the Maltese language has undergone a series of internal changes as well as modifications and accretions caused by various external forces. Internal changes are not easy to date and explain because they require a painstaking comparative exercise that can be carried out only by experts in Semitic languages. As a result, their systematic description in a historical grammar of Maltese has not yet been published. By contrast, the external history of Maltese is essentially an account of its contact with various languages. All languages are marked by contact, albeit to varying degrees. Gumperz holds that "most words in most modern languages would count as borrowed" (1982: 67), but what makes Maltese unique is that it blends together elements from three distinct language families: the Semitic, the Romance, and the Germanic. The language spoken in Malta today is the result of a process that has been going on for a thousand years and, consequently, the account presented in this book will show how social, political, and cultural events are reflected in the changing face of the language. As the lexicon is the most tangible aspect of a language, it will naturally be privileged in this account. Thanks to its position exactly at the centre of the Mediterranean Sea, 90 km from Sicily and 290 km from the Tunisian coast, Malta's relations have not been limited to its immediate neighbours, Sicily and North Africa. Since time immemorial, Malta has been at the mercy of all the great naval powers that sailed the Sicilian channel. As a result, the Maltese language has been shaped by its inhabitants' interactions with all the peoples who, throughout the centuries, have landed on the islands to govern it or establish colonies there. In a territory as small as 27 km by 14 km, the ratio between the numbers of the rulers and the ruled is highly significant. For thousands of years, when the inhabitants had to live off the islands' resources, the size of the population must have been consistently small, around 5,000 in all; this factor may have allowed the language to be substituted a number of times. This may surprise us today, but before the Romantic Age, people had a very pragmatic view of language. Like any other tool, language was prized mostly for its efficiency. The population of the Maltese islands has multiplied in the past one thousand years, rising to around 400,000, and such a rapid increase in such a small place could not fail to exert a strong influence on the linguistic scenario. The increase in population was due not only to natural growth but also to cumulative waves of settlers from abroad. Social interaction between the locals and the visitors was strong, bilingual communication took place in various domains at all social levels and relations were especially strong when mixed marriages took place. For this reason, a history of the Maltese language must be seen in the wider context of a linguistic history of the Maltese islands, and will offer linguists belonging to both the historical and typological fields an intriguing case study of what can be considered a "minor" language from the international point of view (used only in a small state, but spoken by the great majority of the islanders) which has managed to survive alongside a series of "major" languages such as Arabic, Latin, Sicilian, Italian, and English, languages which were widely spoken and written abroad and which also enjoyed prestige in Malta itself, but whose local circulation was generally limited to the literate minority.
Author : Alain de Raymond
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 40 pages
File Size : 49,8 Mb
Release : 2016-12-14
Category : Maltese language
ISBN : 1520140444
Difficulties learning the Maltese language? Maltese doesn't seem to make much sense? You can't find a good grammar book? The explanations you receive complicate your learning? A book for beginners This book explains the Maltese grammar in an easy way. Not too much explanations. Not too complicated explanations. Just simple. Examples to clarify the grammar. Clear and concise. With this book, you'll be able to: Pronounce Maltese words Conjugate verbs in the present tense Use the imperative Apply the negative Conjugate verbs in the simple past and in the future Conjugate verbs in all the other tenses Put the right article in front of the nouns Use the Maltese comparative and superlative Form prepositions, attached or not Use the possessive Present yourself Use interrogative pronouns Count until one million Tell what time it is Know the meaning of Maltese cities Where to find further resources to learn more Maltese Ready to learn Maltese? Start today by buying this book!
Author : Christoph Friedrich Schlienz
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 156 pages
File Size : 55,5 Mb
Release : 1838
Category : Maltese language
ISBN : BL:A0021507171
Author : B. Roudanovsky,B. Rudanovskii
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 100 pages
File Size : 53,7 Mb
Release : 1910
Category : Arabic language
ISBN : HARVARD:HX5BQG
Author : Edmund Felix Sutcliffe
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 306 pages
File Size : 44,5 Mb
Release : 1936
Category : Arabic language
ISBN : UOM:39015034643372
Author : Francis Vella
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 360 pages
File Size : 47,5 Mb
Release : 1831
Category : Maltese language
ISBN : KBR:KBR0000078790
Author : Christoph Friedrich Schlienz
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 146 pages
File Size : 49,6 Mb
Release : 1838
Category : Electronic
ISBN : BSB:BSB10572439
Author : Albert Gatt
Publisher : Language Science Press
Page : 317 pages
File Size : 50,5 Mb
Release : 2024-06-30
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9783961100705
The purpose of this volume is to present a snapshot of the state of the art of research on the languages of the Maltese islands, which include spoken Maltese, Maltese English and Maltese Sign Language. Malta is a tiny, but densely populated country, with over 422,000 inhabitants spread over only 316 square kilometers. It is a bilingual country, with Maltese and English enjoying the status of official languages. Maltese is a descendant of Arabic, but due to the history of the island, it has borrowed extensively from Sicilian, Italian and English. Furthermore, local dialects still coexist alongside the official standard language. The status of English as a second language dates back to British colonial rule, and just as in other former British colonies, a characteristic Maltese variety of English has developed. To these languages must be added Maltese Sign Language, which is the language of the Maltese Deaf community. This was recently recognised as Malta’s third official language by an act of Parliament in 2016. While a volume such as the present one can hardly do justice to all aspects of a diverse and complex linguistic situation, even in a small community like that of Malta, our aim in editing this book was to shed light on the main strands of research being undertaken in the Maltese linguistic context. Six of the contributions in this book focus on Maltese and explore a broad range of topics including: historical changes in the Maltese sound system; syllabification strategies; the interaction of prosody and gesture; the constraints regulating /t/-insertion; the productivity of derivational suffixes; and raising phenomena. The study of Maltese English, especially with the purpose of establishing the defining characteristics of this variety of English, is a relatively new area of research. Three of the papers in this volume deal with Maltese English, which is explored from the different perspectives of rhythm, the syntax of nominal phrases, and lexical choice. The last contribution discusses the way in which Maltese Sign Language (LSM) has evolved alongside developments in LSM research. In summary, we believe the present volume has the potential to present a unique snapshot of a complex linguistic situation in a geographically restricted area. Given the nature and range of topics proposed, the volume will likely be of interest to researchers in both theoretical and comparative linguistics, as well as those working with experimental and corpus-based methodologies. Our hope is that the studies presented here will also serve to pave the way for further research on the languages of Malta, encouraging researchers to also take new directions, including the exploration of variation and sociolinguistic factors which, while often raised as explanatory constructs in the papers presented here, remain under-researched.
Author : Gilbert Puech,Benjamin Saade
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
Page : 401 pages
File Size : 52,9 Mb
Release : 2016-09-12
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9783110496376
The linguistic description of Maltese has experienced an invigorating renaissance in the last ten years. As an Arabic language with a heavily mixed lexicon, Maltese serves as a laboratory for questions of linguistic variation on all linguistics levels, bilingualism, and language contact. This present volume showcases the variety of up-to-date linguistic research on Maltese. Starting with a tribute to the late David Cohen, influential French Semiticist, the remainder of the book is divided into three parts: Phonology, Morphology & Syntax, and Contact, Bilingualism & Technology. The papers in the phonology section comprise a minimalist representation of Maltese sounds from Gilbert Puech, a detailed account of phonological changes in Maltese based on onomastic data by Andrei Avram, and the description of lengthening as a discourse strategy by Alexandra Vella et. al. The section on morphology and syntax includes both synchronic and diachronic approaches to variation in Maltese. Maris Camilleri provides a detailed formal account of the paradigm in Maltese verbal inflection using a multidimensional model which accounts for subcategorization frame variation. Döhla's contribution traces the development of Differential Object Marking (DOM) in Maltese and draws parallels between similar phenomena in other varieties of Arabic. Wilmsen provides a detailed history of the polar interrogative marker –š in Maltese. The article by Stolz & Saade investigates the variation between long and short independent pronouns in Maltese taking into account phonological factors, text-type, and grammatical person. Lucas & Spagnol tackle the variation of Maltese numerals with respect to phonological and morphological criteria in their study of the connecting /t/. The section on Contact, Bilingualism & Technology starts with Farrugia's description of variation in the assignment of gender for loanwords in Maltese. Comrie & Spagnol place the make-up of the borrowed part of the Maltese lexicon in a wider typology of loanwords in the world's languages. The study by Azzopardi-Alexander gives detailed insights into bilingual practices in Malta, placing usage patterns on a continuum between single language use and different code-switching and code-mixing practices. In the final paper, John Camilleri shows how the computational modelling of Maltese grammar has both theoretical and practical repercussions for the study and teaching of Maltese. As can be gathered from the wide variety of topics presented in this volume, Maltese Linguistics has developed from a subdiscipline of Arabic linguistics to a full academic subject in its own right. This volume presents an ideal introduction to the wide range of linguistic topics Maltese has to offer.
Author : Slavomír Čéplö,Jaroslav Drobný
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
Page : 330 pages
File Size : 50,6 Mb
Release : 2020-05-05
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9783110672268
This volume brings together a dozen papers on various aspects of Maltese, relevant also for the study of related languages and general descriptive and typological linguistics. The diachronic section begins with an analysis of the place of Maltese in its North African context (Souag). Avram and van Putten then provide analyses of the development of Maltese phonological inventory, the former discussing obstruent devoicing, the latter tracing the evolution of Maltese short vowels. Sumikazu examines a type of circumstantial clause in Maltese and the section concludes with a description of a digital etymological lexicon of Maltese (Gatt). Turning to syntax, Borg and Amaira analyze agreement mismatch in a number of syntactic constructions, Fabri discusses argument extension and Čéplö and Lucas examine the role of the focus particle lanqas in Maltese negation. Stolz and Levkovych provide a thorough analysis of the syntax and semantics of Maltese prepositions, while Schmidt, Vorholt and Witt offer a quantitative study of their distribution and use. Closing out the volume, Alexander examines in detail the phonetics of Maltese affricated stops, while Ellul and Galea analyze the epenthetic vowel alternation in the Maltese definite article.
Author : Alain de Raymond
Publisher : Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
Page : 292 pages
File Size : 44,8 Mb
Release : 2018-03-15
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 1986504476
Are you learning or willing to learn the Maltese language? Are you having some trouble with the verbs? Would you like to have clear explanations? Can you use full conjugations of the main Maltese verbs? A book fit for Maltese learners In this book, you will learn the structure of the Maltese verbs and all the different tenses. You will find as well as over 120 full conjugations of the most frequently used verbs in a simple and concise overview of Malta's official language. Each of the verbs is explained in an easy way. In the index, the translation Maltese-English and English-Maltese is given. So it is used as a learner's dictionary. Here's the structure: Introduction Pronunciation General structure Part 1 of the verbs Part 2 of the verbs Verbs from other languages Exceptions Additional notes Index So, ready to learn Maltese verbs? Let's start by learning Malta's verbs!
Author : Jeffrey P. Williams,Edgar W. Schneider,Peter Trudgill,Daniel Schreier
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 363 pages
File Size : 51,5 Mb
Release : 2015-04-30
Category : Education
ISBN : 9781107021204
This book documents the lesser-known varieties of English which have been overlooked and understudied within the canon of English linguistics.
Author : Joseph Aquilina,Ġużè Aquilina
Publisher : McGraw-Hill Companies
Page : 248 pages
File Size : 54,6 Mb
Release : 1995
Category : Foreign Language Study
ISBN : UOM:39015050691115
Functional & fun, this course offers full pronunciation, guides, grammar summaries, dialogues, cultural notes, vocabulary charts, & irregular verb tables
Author : Grazio Falzon
Publisher : Hippocrene Books
Page : 164 pages
File Size : 46,6 Mb
Release : 1998
Category : Foreign Language Study
ISBN : 0781805651
This book includes an introduction to basic grammar, a pronunciation guide, and phrases on all topics a visitor to Malta might need to know.
