Active Materials

Author : Peter Fratzl,Michael Friedman,Karin Krauthausen,Wolfgang Schäffner
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
Page : 521 pages
File Size : 46,5 Mb
Release : 2021-12-20
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783110562200

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Active Materials by Peter Fratzl,Michael Friedman,Karin Krauthausen,Wolfgang Schäffner Pdf

What are active materials? This book aims to introduce and redefine conceptions of matter by considering materials as entities that ‘sense’ and respond to their environment. By examining the modeling of, the experiments on, and the construction of these materials, and by developing a theory of their structure, their collective activity, and their functionality, this volume identifies and develops a novel scientific approach to active materials. Moreover, essays on the history and philosophy of metallurgy, chemistry, biology, and materials science provide these various approaches to active materials with a historical and cultural context. The interviews with experts from the natural sciences included in this volume develop new understandings of ‘active matter’ and active materials in relation to a range of research objects and from the perspective of different scientific disciplines, including biology, physics, chemistry, and materials science. These insights are complemented by contributions on the activity of matter and materials from the humanities and the design field. Discusses the mechanisms of active materials and their various conceptualizations in materials science. Redefines conceptions of active materials through interviews with experts from the natural sciences. Contextualizes, historizes, and reflects on different notions of matter/materials and activity through contributions from the humanities. A highly interdisciplinary approach to a cutting-edge research topic, with contributions from both the sciences and the humanities.

Author : Andres Diaz Lantada
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 350 pages
File Size : 48,6 Mb
Release : 2011-09-28
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9789814303354

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Handbook of Active Materials for Medical Devices by Andres Diaz Lantada Pdf

This book covers biodevices, mainly implantable or quirurgical, for the diagnosis or treatment of different pathologies, which benefit from the use of active materials as sensors or actuators. Such active or "intelligent" materials are capable of responding in a controlled way to different external physical or chemical stimuli by changing some of their properties. These materials can be used to design and develop sensors, actuators, and multifunctional systems with a large number of applications for developing biodevices and medical appliances. Current work on these fields entails problems related to synthesis, characterization, modeling, simulation, processing, and prototyping technologies, as well as device testing and validation, all of which are treated in depth in this book, for the several types of active or intelligent materials covered. The research presented in this book helps further development of medical devices, based on the additional functionalities that the use of active or "intelligent" materials, both as sensors and actuators, supplies. The main results exposed may help with the industrial expansion of this kind of materials as part of more complex systems.

Author : Yehia A. Bahei-El-Din,George J. Dvorak
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 324 pages
File Size : 41,5 Mb
Release : 2006-04-11
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9780306469350

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IUTAM Symposium on Transformation Problems in Composite and Active Materials by Yehia A. Bahei-El-Din,George J. Dvorak Pdf

The field of composite materials has seen substantial development in the past decade, New composite systems are being continually developed for various applications. Among such systems are metal, intermetallic, and superalloy matrix composites, carbon-carbon composites as well as polymer matrix composites. At the same time, a new discipline has emerged of active or smart materials, which are often constructed as composite or heterogeneous media and structures. One unifying theme in these diverse systems is the influence that uncoupled and coupled eigenfields or transformation fields exert on the various types of overall response, as well as on the respective phase responses. Problems of this kind are currently considered by different groups which may not always appreciate the similarities of the problems involved. The purpose of the IUTAM Symposium on Transformation Problems in Composite and Active Materials held in Cairo, Egypt from March 10 to 12, 1997 was to bring together representatives of the different groups so that they may interact and explore common aspects of these seemingly different problem areas. New directions in micromechanics research in both composite and active materials were also explored in the symposium. Specifically, invited lectures in the areas of inelastic behavior of composite materials, shape memory effects, functionally graded materials, transformation problems in composite structures, and adaptive structures were delivered and discussed during the three-day meeting. This book contains the printed contributions to the IUTAM Symposium.

Author : Peter Fratzl,Michael Friedman,Karin Krauthausen,Wolfgang Schäffner
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
Page : 378 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 2021-12-20
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9783110562064

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Active Materials by Peter Fratzl,Michael Friedman,Karin Krauthausen,Wolfgang Schäffner Pdf

What are active materials? This book aims to introduce and redefine conceptions of matter by considering materials as entities that ‘sense’ and respond to their environment. By examining the modeling of, the experiments on, and the construction of these materials, and by developing a theory of their structure, their collective activity, and their functionality, this volume identifies and develops a novel scientific approach to active materials. Moreover, essays on the history and philosophy of metallurgy, chemistry, biology, and materials science provide these various approaches to active materials with a historical and cultural context. The interviews with experts from the natural sciences included in this volume develop new understandings of ‘active matter’ and active materials in relation to a range of research objects and from the perspective of different scientific disciplines, including biology, physics, chemistry, and materials science. These insights are complemented by contributions on the activity of matter and materials from the humanities and the design field. Discusses the mechanisms of active materials and their various conceptualizations in materials science. Redefines conceptions of active materials through interviews with experts from the natural sciences. Contextualizes, historizes, and reflects on different notions of matter/materials and activity through contributions from the humanities. A highly interdisciplinary approach to a cutting-edge research topic, with contributions from both the sciences and the humanities.

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 128 pages
File Size : 40,9 Mb
Release : 2024-06-10
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9789814464727

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The Chemistry of Nanostructured Materials by Anonim Pdf

Author : Tsuyoshi Nakajima,Henri Groult
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 542 pages
File Size : 51,5 Mb
Release : 2005-08-04
Category : Science
ISBN : 0080444725

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Fluorinated Materials for Energy Conversion by Tsuyoshi Nakajima,Henri Groult Pdf

Fluorinated Materials for Energy Conversion offers advanced information on the application of fluorine chemistry to energy conversion materials for lithium batteries, fuel cells, solar cells and so on. Fluorine compounds and fluorination techniques have recently gained important roles in improving the electrochemical characteristics of such energy production devices. The book therefore focuses on new batteries with high performance, the improvements of cell performance and the improvement of electrode and cell characteristics. The authors present new information on the effect of fluorine and how to make use of fluorination techniques and fluorine compounds. With emphasis on recent developments, this book is suitable for students, researchers and engineers working in chemistry, materials science and electrical engineering. Contains practical information, supported by examples Provides an update on recent developments in the field Written by specialists working in fluorine chemistry, electrochemistry, polymer and solid state chemistry

Author : Kurt Wuthrich,Bert Weckhuysen,Laurence Rongy,Anne De Wit
Publisher : World Scientific
Page : 372 pages
File Size : 40,9 Mb
Release : 2020-12-21
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789811228223

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Computational Modeling: From Chemistry To Materials To Biology - Proceedings Of The 25th Solvay Conference On Chemistry by Kurt Wuthrich,Bert Weckhuysen,Laurence Rongy,Anne De Wit Pdf

Chaired by K Wüthrich (Nobel Laureate in Chemistry, 2002) and co-chaired by B Weckhuysen, this by-invitation-only conference has gathered 39 participants — who are leaders in the field of computational modeling and its applications in Chemistry, Material Sciences and Biology. Highlights of the Conference Proceedings are short, prepared statements by all the participants and the records of lively discussions on the current and future perspectives in the field of computational modeling, from chemistry to materials to biology.

Author : Shinsuke Inagi
Publisher : Royal Society of Chemistry
Page : 403 pages
File Size : 50,5 Mb
Release : 2022-04-29
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781839164835

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Sustainable and Functional Redox Chemistry by Shinsuke Inagi Pdf

Mimicking nature's efficiency and sustainability in organic chemistry is a major goal for future chemists; redox reactions are a key element in a variety of fields ranging from synthesis and catalysis to materials chemistry and analytical applications. Sustainability is increasingly becoming a consideration in synthesis and functional chemistry and an essential element for the next generation of chemistry in academia and industry. This book represents a compilation of the latest advancements in functional redox chemistry and demonstrates its importance in achieving a more sustainable future. This book is an ideal companion for any postgraduate students or researchers interested in sustainability in academia and industry.

Author : Upendra Kumar,Piyush Kumar Sonkar
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 405 pages
File Size : 51,7 Mb
Release : 2024-06-05
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781394185818

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Smart Materials for Science and Engineering by Upendra Kumar,Piyush Kumar Sonkar Pdf

SMART MATERIALS FOR SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING Smart materials, also known as advanced or creative materials, are described as advanced materials that react intuitively to environmental changes or as materials that can return to their original shape in response to certain stimuli. Smart materials are classified as either active or passive based on their characteristics. There are two types of active materials. The first kind cannot change its characteristics when subjected to outside stimuli, for example photochromatic spectacles that only alter their color when exposed to sunlight. The other, which includes piezoelectric materials, can change one sort of energy (thermal, electrical, chemical, mechanical, or optical) into another. When subjected to external pressure, it can generate an electric charge. As an example, optical fibers can transmit electromagnetic waves. In contrast, passive smart materials can transmit a specific sort of energy. They have some amazing qualities that set them apart from other materials, such as transiency, meaning they can react to different kinds of external stimuli immediately, self-actuation or the capacity to change their appearance and shape, selectivity where the response is divided and expected, directness when the response is limited to the activating event, shape-changing where the material can change its shape to external stimuli, their ability to determine their own health, also known as self-diagnosis, and their ability to self-heal. The ability to synthesize novel materials has substantially progressed thanks to science and technology over the past 20 years. They fall mostly into the following four categories: polymers, ceramics, metals, and smart materials. Among these, smart materials are gaining popularity since they have more uses than conventional materials. Smart materials are unusual substances that have the ability to alter their properties, such as those that can immediately change their phase when placed near a magnet or their shape simply by applying heat. Humanity will be significantly impacted by this new era of smart materials. For instance, some of them can adapt their properties to the environment, some have sensory capabilities, some can repair themselves automatically, and some can degrade themselves. These extraordinary properties of smart materials will have an effect on all facets of civilization. There are many different types of intelligent materials, including magnetorheological materials, electro-rheostat materials, shape memory alloys, piezoelectric materials, and more. This book describes many forms of smart materials and their possible uses in various fields. A literature survey discusses the different types of smart materials, such as based ceramics, polymers, and organic compounds and their needs, advantages, disadvantages, and applications will be comprehensively discussed. A discussion of well-established smart materials including piezoelectric, magnetostrictive, shape memory alloy, electro-rheological fluid, and magnetorheological fluid materials will be discussed with their present prospects.

Author : Heba Abunahla,Baker Mohammad
Publisher : Springer
Page : 106 pages
File Size : 49,8 Mb
Release : 2017-09-18
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9783319656991

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Memristor Technology: Synthesis and Modeling for Sensing and Security Applications by Heba Abunahla,Baker Mohammad Pdf

This book provides readers with a single-source guide to fabricate, characterize and model memristor devices for sensing applications. The authors describe a correlated, physics-based model to simulate and predict the behavior of devices fabricated with different oxide materials, active layer thickness, and operating temperature. They discuss memristors from various perspectives, including working mechanisms, different synthesis methods, characterization procedures, and device employment in radiation sensing and security applications.

Author : Naveen V. Kulkarni,Boris I. Kharissov
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 1034 pages
File Size : 53,5 Mb
Release : 2024-02-28
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9780323996792

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Handbook of Emerging Materials for Sustainable Energy by Naveen V. Kulkarni,Boris I. Kharissov Pdf

Handbook of Emerging Materials for Sustainable Energy provides a comprehensive accounting on the fundamentals, current developments, challenges and future prospects of emerging materials for the development of sustainable energy. Each chapter addresses a distinct and important area within the energy field and includes comprehensive data to support the materials being presented. Sections cover Batteries, Capacitors and Supercapacitors, Fuel cells, Thermoelectrics, Novel illumination sources and techniques, Photovoltaics & Solar cells, Alternative energy sources, hydrogen as an energy source, including hydrogen production and fuel generation, the use of Biofuels and Carbon dioxide. The book concludes with three chapters related to advanced materials under development for energy conservation and environmental protection, including theories, methodologies and simulations established for advanced materials. Covers a broad scope of advanced materials that have been developed for energy and environmental sustainability Provides detailed and updated information about the structural and functional features of various emerging materials and their multifaceted applications Includes supplementary data alongside each chapter

Author : United States. Federal Trade Commission
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 192 pages
File Size : 41,5 Mb
Release : 1950
Category : Fertilizer industry
ISBN : MINN:30000010576126

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Report on the Fertilizer Industry Submitted to the Congress, January 9, 1950 by United States. Federal Trade Commission Pdf

Author : Tohru Nishinaga
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 616 pages
File Size : 44,7 Mb
Release : 2015-11-25
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781118858851

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Organic Redox Systems by Tohru Nishinaga Pdf

Providing a thorough overview of leading research from internationally-recognized contributing authors, this book describes methods for the preparation and application of redox systems for organic electronic materials like transistors, photovoltaics, and batteries. • Covers bond formation and cleavage, supramolecular systems, molecular design, and synthesis and properties • Addresses preparative methods, unique structural features, physical properties, and material applications of redox active p-conjugated systems • Offers a useful guide for both academic and industrial chemists involved with organic electronic materials • Focuses on the transition-metal-free redox systems composed of organic and organo main group compounds

Author : D. L. Hildenbrand,D. D. Cubicciotti
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 702 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 1978
Category : High temperatures
ISBN : CORNELL:31924004762120

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Proceedings of the Symposium on High Temperature Metal Halide Chemistry by D. L. Hildenbrand,D. D. Cubicciotti Pdf

Author : Anonim
Publisher : ScholarlyEditions
Page : 774 pages
File Size : 47,8 Mb
Release : 2013-06-21
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781481691338

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Phosphorus Acids—Advances in Research and Application: 2013 Edition by Anonim Pdf

Phosphorus Acids—Advances in Research and Application: 2013 Edition is a ScholarlyBrief™ that delivers timely, authoritative, comprehensive, and specialized information about ZZZAdditional Research in a concise format. The editors have built Phosphorus Acids—Advances in Research and Application: 2013 Edition on the vast information databases of ScholarlyNews.™ You can expect the information about ZZZAdditional Research in this book to be deeper than what you can access anywhere else, as well as consistently reliable, authoritative, informed, and relevant. The content of Phosphorus Acids—Advances in Research and Application: 2013 Edition has been produced by the world’s leading scientists, engineers, analysts, research institutions, and companies. All of the content is from peer-reviewed sources, and all of it is written, assembled, and edited by the editors at ScholarlyEditions™ and available exclusively from us. You now have a source you can cite with authority, confidence, and credibility. More information is available at http://www.ScholarlyEditions.com/.