Adaptive Thermal Comfort Principles And Practice

Author : Fergus Nicol,Michael Humphreys,Susan Roaf
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 281 pages
File Size : 53,9 Mb
Release : 2012-03-15
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781136336478

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Adaptive Thermal Comfort: Principles and Practice by Fergus Nicol,Michael Humphreys,Susan Roaf Pdf

The fundamental function of buildings is to provide safe and healthy shelter. For the fortunate they also provide comfort and delight. In the twentieth century comfort became a 'product' produced by machines and run on cheap energy. In a world where fossil fuels are becoming ever scarcer and more expensive, and the climate more extreme, the challenge of designing comfortable buildings today requires a new approach. This timely book is the first in a trilogy from leaders in the field which will provide just that. It explains, in a clear and comprehensible manner, how we stay comfortable by using our bodies, minds, buildings and their systems to adapt to indoor and outdoor conditions which change with the weather and the climate. The book is in two sections. The first introduces the principles on which the theory of adaptive thermal comfort is based. The second explains how to use field studies to measure thermal comfort in practice and to analyze the data gathered. Architects have gradually passed responsibility for building performance to service engineers who are largely trained to see comfort as the ‘product’, designed using simplistic comfort models. The result has contributed to a shift to buildings that use ever more energy. A growing international consensus now calls for low-energy buildings. This means designers must first produce robust, passive structures that provide occupants with many opportunities to make changes to suit their environmental needs. Ventilation using free, natural energy should be preferred and mechanical conditioning only used when the climate demands it. This book outlines the theory of adaptive thermal comfort that is essential to understand and inform such building designs. This book should be required reading for all students, teachers and practitioners of architecture, building engineering and management – for all who have a role in producing, and occupying, twenty-first century adaptive, low-carbon, comfortable buildings.

Author : Fergus Nicol,Michael Humphreys,Susan Roaf
Publisher : Earthscan Publications
Page : 132 pages
File Size : 42,6 Mb
Release : 2014-02-01
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 041569163X

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Adaptive Thermal Comfort by Fergus Nicol,Michael Humphreys,Susan Roaf Pdf

Author : Michael Humphreys,Fergus Nicol,Susan Roaf
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 497 pages
File Size : 49,7 Mb
Release : 2015-08-27
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781317658566

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Adaptive Thermal Comfort: Foundations and Analysis by Michael Humphreys,Fergus Nicol,Susan Roaf Pdf

There has been widespread dissatisfaction with accepted models for predicting the conditions that people will find thermally comfortable in buildings. These models require knowledge about clothing and activity, but can give little guidance on how to quantify them in any future situation. This has forced designers to make assumptions about people’s future behaviour based on very little information and, as a result, encouraged static design indoor temperatures. This book is the second in a three volume set covering all aspects of Adaptive Thermal Comfort. The first part narrates the development of the adaptive approach to thermal comfort from its early beginnings in the 1960s. It discusses recent work in the field and suggests ways in which it can be developed and modelled. Such models can be used to set dynamic, interactive standards for thermal comfort which will help overcome the problems inherited from the past. The second part of the volume engages with the practical and theoretical problems encountered in field studies and in their statistical analysis, providing guidance towards their resolution, so that valid conclusions may be drawn from such studies.

Author : Margaret Robertson
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 654 pages
File Size : 47,6 Mb
Release : 2021-02-09
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781000299991

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Sustainability Principles and Practice by Margaret Robertson Pdf

Sustainability Principles and Practice gives an accessible and comprehensive overview of the interdisciplinary field of sustainability. The focus is on furnishing solutions and equipping students with both conceptual understanding and technical skills. Each chapter explores one aspect of the field, first introducing concepts and presenting issues, then supplying tools for working toward solutions. Elements of sustainability are examined piece by piece, and coverage ranges over ecosystems, social equity, environmental justice, food, energy, product life cycles, cities, and more. Techniques for management and measurement as well as case studies from around the world are provided. The 3rd edition includes greater coverage of resilience and systems thinking, an update on the Anthropocene as a formal geological epoch, the latest research from the IPCC, and a greater focus on diversity and social equity, together with new details such as sustainable consumption, textiles recycling, microplastics, and net-zero concepts. The coverage in this edition has been expanded to include issues, solutions, and new case studies from around the world, including Europe, Asia, and the Global South. Chapters include further reading and discussion questions. The book is supported by a companion website with online links, annotated bibliography, glossary, white papers, and additional case studies, together with projects, research problems, and group activities, all of which focus on real-world problem-solving of sustainability issues. This textbook is designed to be used by undergraduate college and university students in sustainability degree programs and other programs in which sustainability is taught.

Author : Kristian Fabbri
Publisher : Springer
Page : 302 pages
File Size : 46,9 Mb
Release : 2015-06-30
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9783319186511

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Indoor Thermal Comfort Perception by Kristian Fabbri Pdf

Providing a methodology for evaluating indoor thermal comfort with a focus on children, this book presents an in-depth examination of children’s perceptions of comfort. Divided into two sections, it first presents a history of thermal comfort, the human body and environmental parameters, common thermal comfort indexes, and guidelines for creating questionnaires to assess children’s perceptions of indoor thermal comfort. It then describes their understanding of the concepts of comfort and energy, and the factors that influence that perception. In this context, it takes into account the psychological and pedagogical aspects of thermal comfort judgment, as well as architectural and environmental characteristics and equips readers with the knowledge needed to effectively investigate children’s perspectives on environmental ergonomics. The research field of indoor thermal comfort adopts, on the one hand, physical parameter measurements and comfort indexes (e.g. Predicted Mean Vote (PMV) or adaptive comfort), and on the other, an ergonomic assessment in the form of questionnaires. However the latter can offer only limited insights into the issue of comfort, as children often use different terms than adults to convey their experience of thermal comfort. The books aims to address this lack of understanding with regard to children’s perceptions of indoor thermal comfort. The book is intended for HVAC engineers and researchers, architects and researchers interested in thermal comfort and the built environment. It also provides a useful resource for environmental psychologists, medical and cognitive researchers.

Author : Kristian Fabbri
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 383 pages
File Size : 46,5 Mb
Release : 2024-05-03
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9783031526107

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Thermal Comfort Perception by Kristian Fabbri Pdf

Author : Michael Humphreys,Fergus Nicol,Susan Roaf
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 400 pages
File Size : 50,9 Mb
Release : 2015-08-27
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781317658573

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Adaptive Thermal Comfort: Foundations and Analysis by Michael Humphreys,Fergus Nicol,Susan Roaf Pdf

There has been widespread dissatisfaction with accepted models for predicting the conditions that people will find thermally comfortable in buildings. These models require knowledge about clothing and activity, but can give little guidance on how to quantify them in any future situation. This has forced designers to make assumptions about people’s future behaviour based on very little information and, as a result, encouraged static design indoor temperatures. This book is the second in a three volume set covering all aspects of Adaptive Thermal Comfort. The first part narrates the development of the adaptive approach to thermal comfort from its early beginnings in the 1960s. It discusses recent work in the field and suggests ways in which it can be developed and modelled. Such models can be used to set dynamic, interactive standards for thermal comfort which will help overcome the problems inherited from the past. The second part of the volume engages with the practical and theoretical problems encountered in field studies and in their statistical analysis, providing guidance towards their resolution, so that valid conclusions may be drawn from such studies.

Author : Fergus Nicol,Hom Bahadur Rijal,Susan Roaf
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 654 pages
File Size : 55,9 Mb
Release : 2022-04-19
Category : Architecture
ISBN : 9781000553581

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Routledge Handbook of Resilient Thermal Comfort by Fergus Nicol,Hom Bahadur Rijal,Susan Roaf Pdf

This book brings together some of the finest academics in the field to address important questions around the way in which people experience their physical environments, including temperature, light, air-quality, acoustics and so forth. It is of importance not only to the comfort people feel indoors, but also the success of any building as an environment for its stated purpose. The way in which comfort is produced and perceived has a profound effect on the energy use of a building and its resilience to the increasing dangers posed by extreme weather events, and power outages caused by climate change. Research on thermal comfort is particularly important not only for the health and well-being of occupants but because energy used for temperature control is responsible for a large part of the total energy budget of the built environment. In recent years there has been an increasing focus on the vulnerabilities of the thermal comfort system; how and why are buildings failing to provide safe and agreeable thermal environments at an affordable price? Achieving comfort in buildings is a complex subject that involves physics, behaviour, physiology, energy conservation, climate change, and of course architecture and urban design. Bringing together the related disciplines in one volume lays strong, multi-disciplinary foundations for new research and design directions for resilient 21st century architecture. This book heralds workable solutions and emerging directions for key fields in building the resilience of households, organisations and populations in a heating world.

Author : Ken Parsons
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 130 pages
File Size : 48,9 Mb
Release : 2019-12-06
Category : Health & Fitness
ISBN : 0429294980

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Human Thermal Comfort by Ken Parsons Pdf

Thermal comfort is a desirable state familiar to all people. Providing inspirational indoor and outdoor environments that provide thermal comfort, in the context of energy use and climate change, is a challenge for the 21st century. This book provides an up-to-date, comprehensive coverage of thermal comfort from principles and theory to practical application. The book begins with current knowledge and understanding of thermal comfort and its application to providing thermal conditions for indoor and outdoor environments. It integrates and presents new ideas to provide a comprehensive model of thermal comfort so that we can move on from the 20th and early 21st century and provide a focus for developments for future decades. This book will be of interest to practitioners and students and anyone involved with fields such as environmental design, physiology, ergonomics, human factors, industrial hygiene, architecture, health and safety and air conditioning. * Provides current thermal comfort standards and regulations * Describes the PMV, PPD, ET* and SET thermal comfort indices * Discusses adaptive thermal comfort, adaptive opportunity and explains why we have not moved towards a more dynamic and interactive approach to providing thermal comfort * Presents a new model relating thermal discomfort to performance * Shows how to construct a computer model of thermal comfort * Offers how to conduct a thermal comfort survey Human Thermal Comfort provides new ideas for achieving thermal comfort for offices, vehicles, atriums and plazas of the future.

Author : Faming Wang,Bin Yang,Qihong Deng,Maohui Luo
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 284 pages
File Size : 43,7 Mb
Release : 2023-05-31
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9789819907182

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Personal Comfort Systems for Improving Indoor Thermal Comfort and Air Quality by Faming Wang,Bin Yang,Qihong Deng,Maohui Luo Pdf

This book first describes fundamental knowledge on human thermal comfort, adaptive thermal comfort, thermal comfort in sleeping environments, modeling of human thermal comfort, and thermal comfort assessment using human trials. Next, it presents an in-depth review of concept progress and evaluation of various personal comfort system, summarizes important findings and feasible applications, current gaps as well as future research needs. The seven chapters included in this section are task/ambient conditioning systems, personalized ventilation systems, electric fans, personal comfort systems, thermoelectric systems, personal thermal management systems, and wearable personal thermal comfort systems. This book provides valuable guidance for personal comfort system design and further improvement on the personal comfort performance. It will be a valuable resource for academic researchers, engineers in industry, and government regulators in the field of sustainable buildings and built environment.

Author : Ken Parsons
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 560 pages
File Size : 46,6 Mb
Release : 2007-03-22
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781420025248

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Human Thermal Environments by Ken Parsons Pdf

Our responses to our thermal environment have a considerable effect on our performance and behavior, not least in the realm of work. There has been considerable scientific investigation of these responses and formal methods have been developed for environmental evaluation and design. In recent years these have been developed to the extent that detailed national and international standards of practice have now become feasible. This new edition of Ken Parson's definitive text brings us back up to date. He covers hot, moderate and cold environments, and defines these in terms of six basic parameters: air temperature, radiate temperature, humidity, air velocity, clothing worn, and the person's activity. There is a focus on the principles and practice of human response, which incorporates psychology, physiology and environmental physics with applied ergonomics. Water requirements, computer modeling and computer-aided design are brought in, as are current standards. Special populations, such as the aged or disabled and specialist environments such as those found in vehicles are also considered. This book continues to be the standard text for the design of environments for humans to live and work safely, comfortably and effectively, and for the design of materials which help the same people cope with their environments.

Author : David Strong,Victoria Burrows
Publisher : Artech House
Page : 299 pages
File Size : 46,9 Mb
Release : 2016-12-31
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781630814410

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A Whole-System Approach to High Performance Green Buildings by David Strong,Victoria Burrows Pdf

This authoritative new resource provides a comprehensive review of the current approaches to the design and construction of sustainable buildings. This hand-on guide features global case studies with practical examples of both successful and unsuccessful designs. The whole system approach to integrated design is clearly presented. This book includes insight into designing for the future, including design quality and future proofing, intelligent buildings, and whole life value. Nature inspired sustainable designs that can be mimicked in the construction industry are presented. Technical challenges such as energy efficiency, design, and computer modeling are explored along with various construction phase opportunities.

Author : Kevin Ka-Lun Lau,Zheng Tan,Tobi Eniolu Morakinyo,Chao Ren
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 148 pages
File Size : 41,5 Mb
Release : 2021-09-16
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9789811652455

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Outdoor Thermal Comfort in Urban Environment by Kevin Ka-Lun Lau,Zheng Tan,Tobi Eniolu Morakinyo,Chao Ren Pdf

This book highlights the importance of outdoor thermal comfort for improving urban living quality in the context of urban planning and urban geometry design. It introduces readers to a range of assessment methods and applications of outdoor thermal comfort and addresses urban geometry and thermal environment at the neighbourhood scale using real-world examples and parametric studies. In addition, the subjective evaluations by urban dwellers and numerical modelling tools introduced in this book provide not only a comprehensive assessment of outdoor thermal comfort but also an integrated approach to using thermal comfort indicators as a standard in high-density cities. Given its scope, the book offers a valuable guide for urban climate researchers, urban planners, and designers, and policymakers pursuing more liveable urban environments.

Author : Laura Marín-Restrepo,Alexis Pérez-Fargallo,María Beatriz Piderit-Moreno,Maureen Trebilcock-Kelly,Paulina Wegertseder-Martínez
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 482 pages
File Size : 55,9 Mb
Release : 2023-05-11
Category : Architecture
ISBN : 9783031242083

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Removing Barriers to Environmental Comfort in the Global South by Laura Marín-Restrepo,Alexis Pérez-Fargallo,María Beatriz Piderit-Moreno,Maureen Trebilcock-Kelly,Paulina Wegertseder-Martínez Pdf

This book describes how comfort, energy and climate change in developing countries and vulnerable sectors of the population relate to buildings. The building sector is currently facing significant challenges connected to energy consumption, energy poverty and climate change effects. When studied in developing countries and vulnerable sectors of the population, these factors, which are commonplace in the tropics and the southern hemisphere, are interlinked and share a critical component: environmental comfort. Although progress has been made in environmental comfort through research and the development of standards and policies at the international level, in the Global South, where the countries with the highest levels of income inequality are concentrated, environmental comfort has its own characteristics and challenges that prevent a clear understanding from the established vision of the Global North. This book presents research, theories and techniques related to Thermal comfort, Indoor air quality, Visual comfort, and Acoustic comfort and its relationship with energy use and energy efficiency, seeking to address different barriers to environmental comfort. It shows how to improve the way buildings are designed and operated to promote healthier environmental conditions and more sustainable construction, by presenting studies and reflections carried out in the target geographical area: the Global South. In this way, this book contributes to developing the concept of environmental comfort, visualising how progress has been made in understanding it from a tropical and southern perspective, and posing common challenges. The book is intended for engineers, architects, and researchers of the built environment who are interested in environmental comfort and its influence on energy consumption, energy poverty, and other related factors in the Global South context. It is also a useful resource for decision-makers and public policy developers concerned with the indoor comfort of buildings. Moreover, the book aims to provide guidance for those in developing countries by gathering existing knowledge in the field for the tropics and southern hemisphere climatic and sociocultural contexts, allowing us to move forward in this subject with actions and proposed solutions that fit our particular needs.

Author : Ulrike Passe,Francine Battaglia
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 342 pages
File Size : 54,9 Mb
Release : 2015-03-12
Category : Architecture
ISBN : 9781136664823

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Designing Spaces for Natural Ventilation by Ulrike Passe,Francine Battaglia Pdf

Buildings can breathe naturally, without the use of mechanical systems, if you design the spaces properly. This accessible and thorough guide shows you how in more than 260 color diagrams and photographs illustrating case studies and CFD simulations. You can achieve truly natural ventilation, by considering the building's structure, envelope, energy use, and form, as well as giving the occupants thermal comfort and healthy indoor air. By using scientific and architectural visualization tools included here, you can develop ventilation strategies without an engineering background. Handy sections that summarize the science, explain rules of thumb, and detail the latest research in thermal and fluid dynamics will keep your designs sustainable, energy efficient, and up-to-date.