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Author : Ten H. Tzen
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 304 pages
File Size : 53,5 Mb
Release : 1992
Category : Parallel programming (Computer science)
ISBN : MSU:31293010553141
Author : Peter Brezany
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 318 pages
File Size : 54,6 Mb
Release : 1997-04-09
Category : Computers
ISBN : 3540628401
Massively parallel processing is currently the most promising answer to the quest for increased computer performance. This has resulted in the development of new programming languages and programming environments and has stimulated the design and production of massively parallel supercomputers. The efficiency of concurrent computation and input/output essentially depends on the proper utilization of specific architectural features of the underlying hardware. This book focuses on development of runtime systems supporting execution of parallel code and on supercompilers automatically parallelizing code written in a sequential language. Fortran has been chosen for the presentation of the material because of its dominant role in high-performance programming for scientific and engineering applications.
Author : Utpal Banerjee
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 187 pages
File Size : 43,6 Mb
Release : 2013-06-29
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9781475756760
Automatic transformation of a sequential program into a parallel form is a subject that presents a great intellectual challenge and promises a great practical award. There is a tremendous investment in existing sequential programs, and scientists and engineers continue to write their application programs in sequential languages (primarily in Fortran). The demand for higher speedups increases. The job of a restructuring compiler is to discover the dependence structure and the characteristics of the given machine. Much attention has been focused on the Fortran do loop. This is where one expects to find major chunks of computation that need to be performed repeatedly for different values of the index variable. Many loop transformations have been designed over the years, and several of them can be found in any parallelizing compiler currently in use in industry or at a university research facility. The book series on KappaLoop Transformations for Restructuring Compilerskappa provides a rigorous theory of loop transformations and dependence analysis. We want to develop the transformations in a consistent mathematical framework using objects like directed graphs, matrices, and linear equations. Then, the algorithms that implement the transformations can be precisely described in terms of certain abstract mathematical algorithms. The first volume, Loop Transformations for Restructuring Compilers: The Foundations, provided the general mathematical background needed for loop transformations (including those basic mathematical algorithms), discussed data dependence, and introduced the major transformations. The current volume, Loop Parallelization, builds a detailed theory of iteration-level loop transformations based on the material developed in the previous book.
Author : Constantine D. Polychronopoulos
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 253 pages
File Size : 45,8 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9781461310778
The second half of the 1970s was marked with impressive advances in array/vector architectures and vectorization techniques and compilers. This progress continued with a particular focus on vector machines until the middle of the 1980s. The major ity of supercomputers during this period were register-to-register (Cray 1) or memory-to-memory (CDC Cyber 205) vector (pipelined) machines. However, the increasing demand for higher computational rates lead naturally to parallel comput ers and software. Through the replication of autonomous processors in a coordinated system, one can skip over performance barriers due technology limitations. In princi ple, parallelism offers unlimited performance potential. Nevertheless, it is very difficult to realize this performance potential in practice. So far, we have seen only the tip of the iceberg called "parallel machines and parallel programming". Parallel programming in particular is a rapidly evolving art and, at present, highly empirical. In this book we discuss several aspects of parallel programming and parallelizing compilers. Instead of trying to develop parallel programming methodologies and paradigms, we often focus on more advanced topics assuming that the reader has an adequate background in parallel processing. The book is organized in three main parts. In the first part (Chapters 1 and 2) we set the stage and focus on program transformations and parallelizing compilers. The second part of this book (Chapters 3 and 4) discusses scheduling for parallel machines from the practical point of view macro and microtasking and supporting environments). Finally, the last part (Le.
Author : Eric Aubanel
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 239 pages
File Size : 53,7 Mb
Release : 2016-12-08
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9781351979511
Designed for introductory parallel computing courses at the advanced undergraduate or beginning graduate level, Elements of Parallel Computing presents the fundamental concepts of parallel computing not from the point of view of hardware, but from a more abstract view of algorithmic and implementation patterns. The aim is to facilitate the teaching of parallel programming by surveying some key algorithmic structures and programming models, together with an abstract representation of the underlying hardware. The presentation is friendly and informal. The content of the book is language neutral, using pseudocode that represents common programming language models. The first five chapters present core concepts in parallel computing. SIMD, shared memory, and distributed memory machine models are covered, along with a brief discussion of what their execution models look like. The book also discusses decomposition as a fundamental activity in parallel algorithmic design, starting with a naive example, and continuing with a discussion of some key algorithmic structures. Important programming models are presented in depth, as well as important concepts of performance analysis, including work-depth analysis of task graphs, communication analysis of distributed memory algorithms, key performance metrics, and a discussion of barriers to obtaining good performance. The second part of the book presents three case studies that reinforce the concepts of the earlier chapters. One feature of these chapters is to contrast different solutions to the same problem, using select problems that aren't discussed frequently in parallel computing textbooks. They include the Single Source Shortest Path Problem, the Eikonal equation, and a classical computational geometry problem: computation of the two-dimensional convex hull. After presenting the problem and sequential algorithms, each chapter first discusses the sources of parallelism then surveys parallel algorithms.
Author : Samuel P. Midkiff
Publisher : Morgan & Claypool Publishers
Page : 172 pages
File Size : 54,9 Mb
Release : 2012
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9781608458417
Compiling for parallelism is a longstanding topic of compiler research. This book describes the fundamental principles of compiling regular numerical programs for parallelism. We begin with an explanation of analyses that allow a compiler to understand the interaction of data reads and writes in different statements and loop iterations during program execution. These analyses include dependence analysis, use-def analysis and pointer analysis. Next, we describe how the results of these analyses are used to enable transformations that make loops more amenable to parallelization, and discuss transformations that expose parallelism to target shared memory multicore and vector processors. We then discuss some problems that arise when parallelizing programs for execution on distributed memory machines. Finally, we conclude with an overview of solving Diophantine equations and suggestions for further readings in the topics of this book to enable the interested reader to delve deeper into the field. Table of Contents: Introduction and overview / Dependence analysis, dependence graphs and alias analysis / Program parallelization / Transformations to modify and eliminate dependences / Transformation of iterative and recursive constructs / Compiling for distributed memory machines / Solving Diophantine equations / A guide to further reading
Author : Jiannong Cao
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 539 pages
File Size : 55,5 Mb
Release : 2005-10-21
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9783540296393
This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 6th International Workshop on Advanced Parallel Processing Technologies, APPT 2005, held in Hong Kong, China in September 2005. The 55 revised full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from over 220 submissions. All current aspects in parallel and distributed computing are addressed ranging from hardware and software issues to algorithmic aspects and advanced applications. The papers are organized in topical sections on architecture, algorithm and theory, system and software, grid computing, networking, and applied technologies.
Author : Radu C. Calinescu
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 180 pages
File Size : 50,9 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9781447107637
Architecture-independent programming and automatic parallelisation have long been regarded as two different means of alleviating the prohibitive costs of parallel software development. Building on recent advances in both areas, Architecture-Independent Loop Parallelisation proposes a unified approach to the parallelisation of scientific computing code. This novel approach is based on the bulk-synchronous parallel model of computation, and succeeds in automatically generating parallel code that is architecture-independent, scalable, and of analytically predictable performance.
Author : Samuel Midkiff
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 157 pages
File Size : 51,6 Mb
Release : 2022-06-01
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9783031017360
Compiling for parallelism is a longstanding topic of compiler research. This book describes the fundamental principles of compiling "regular" numerical programs for parallelism. We begin with an explanation of analyses that allow a compiler to understand the interaction of data reads and writes in different statements and loop iterations during program execution. These analyses include dependence analysis, use-def analysis and pointer analysis. Next, we describe how the results of these analyses are used to enable transformations that make loops more amenable to parallelization, and discuss transformations that expose parallelism to target shared memory multicore and vector processors. We then discuss some problems that arise when parallelizing programs for execution on distributed memory machines. Finally, we conclude with an overview of solving Diophantine equations and suggestions for further readings in the topics of this book to enable the interested reader to delve deeper into the field. Table of Contents: Introduction and overview / Dependence analysis, dependence graphs and alias analysis / Program parallelization / Transformations to modify and eliminate dependences / Transformation of iterative and recursive constructs / Compiling for distributed memory machines / Solving Diophantine equations / A guide to further reading
Author : Alexandru-Petru Tanase,Frank Hannig,Jürgen Teich
Publisher : Springer
Page : 176 pages
File Size : 44,8 Mb
Release : 2018-02-22
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9783319739090
This book introduces new compilation techniques, using the polyhedron model for the resource-adaptive parallel execution of loop programs on massively parallel processor arrays. The authors show how to compute optimal symbolic assignments and parallel schedules of loop iterations at compile time, for cases where the number of available cores becomes known only at runtime. The compile/runtime symbolic parallelization approach the authors describe reduces significantly the runtime overhead, compared to dynamic or just‐in-time compilation. The new, on‐demand fault‐tolerant loop processing approach described in this book protects loop nests for parallel execution against soft errors.
Author : Jingling Xue
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 266 pages
File Size : 48,7 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9781461543374
Loop tiling, as one of the most important compiler optimizations, is beneficial for both parallel machines and uniprocessors with a memory hierarchy. This book explores the use of loop tiling for reducing communication cost and improving parallelism for distributed memory machines. The author provides mathematical foundations, investigates loop permutability in the framework of nonsingular loop transformations, discusses the necessary machineries required, and presents state-of-the-art results for finding communication- and time-minimal tiling choices. Throughout the book, theorems and algorithms are illustrated with numerous examples and diagrams. The techniques presented in Loop Tiling for Parallelism can be adapted to work for a cluster of workstations, and are also directly applicable to shared-memory machines once the machines are modeled as BSP (Bulk Synchronous Parallel) machines. Features and key topics: Detailed review of the mathematical foundations, including convex polyhedra and cones; Self-contained treatment of nonsingular loop transformations, code generation, and full loop permutability; Tiling loop nests by rectangles and parallelepipeds, including their mathematical definition, dependence analysis, legality test, and code generation; A complete suite of techniques for generating SPMD code for a tiled loop nest; Up-to-date results on tile size and shape selection for reducing communication and improving parallelism; End-of-chapter references for further reading. Researchers and practitioners involved in optimizing compilers and students in advanced computer architecture studies will find this a lucid and well-presented reference work with numerous citations to original sources.
Author : Ting Hu,Feng Wang,Hongwei Li,Qian Wang
Publisher : Springer
Page : 202 pages
File Size : 42,9 Mb
Release : 2018-12-29
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9783030052348
This book constitutes the workshop proceedings of the 18th International Conference on Algorithms and Architectures for Parallel Processing, ICA3PP 2018, held in Guangzhou, China, in November 2018. The 24 full papers presented were carefully selected and reviewed from numerous submissions to the two following workshops: - ICA3PP 2018 Workshop on Intelligent Algorithms for Large-scale Complex Optimization Problems - ICA3PP 2018 Workshop on Security and Privacy in Data Processing
Author : Barr E. Bauer
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 472 pages
File Size : 44,7 Mb
Release : 2014-06-28
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9780080916453
This is the book that will teach programmers to write faster, more efficient code for parallel processors. The reader is introduced to a vast array of procedures and paradigms on which actual coding may be based. Examples and real-life simulations using these devices are presented in C and FORTRAN.
Author : Mary Hall,Hari Sundar
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 193 pages
File Size : 42,7 Mb
Release : 2019-11-12
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9783030346270
This book constitutes the thoroughly refereed post-conference proceedings of the 31st International Workshop on Languages and Compilers for Parallel Computing, LCPC 2018, held in Salt Lake City, UT, USA, in October 2018. The 14 revised full papers were carefully reviewed and selected from 26 submissions. Specific topics are compiling for parallelism and parallel compilers, static, dynamic, and adaptive optimization of parallel programs, parallel programming models and languages, formal analysis and verification of parallel programs, parallel runtime systems and libraries, performance analysis and debugging tools for concurrency and parallelism, parallel algorithms and concurrent data structures, parallel applications, synchronization and concurrency control, software engineering for parallel programs, fault tolerance for parallel systems, and parallel programming and compiling for heterogeneous systems.
Author : Chua-Huang Huang
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 618 pages
File Size : 47,8 Mb
Release : 1996-01-24
Category : Computers
ISBN : 354060765X
This book presents the refereed proceedings of the Eighth Annual Workshop on Languages and Compilers for Parallel Computing, held in Columbus, Ohio in August 1995. The 38 full revised papers presented were carefully selected for inclusion in the proceedings and reflect the state of the art of research and advanced applications in parallel languages, restructuring compilers, and runtime systems. The papers are organized in sections on fine-grain parallelism, interprocedural analysis, program analysis, Fortran 90 and HPF, loop parallelization for HPF compilers, tools and libraries, loop-level optimization, automatic data distribution, compiler models, irregular computation, object-oriented and functional parallelism.