Agreement Gender Relative Clauses

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Agreement, Gender, Relative Clauses

Bernd Kortmann,Tanja Herrmann,Lukas Pietsch,Susanne Wagner
Agreement Gender Relative Clauses Book PDF

Author : Bernd Kortmann,Tanja Herrmann,Lukas Pietsch,Susanne Wagner
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter
Page : 385 pages
File Size : 44,5 Mb
Release : 2008-08-22
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9783110197518

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Agreement, Gender, Relative Clauses by Bernd Kortmann,Tanja Herrmann,Lukas Pietsch,Susanne Wagner Pdf

This volume offers qualitative as well as corpus-based quantitative studies on three domains of grammatical variation in the British Isles. All studies draw heavily on the Freiburg English Dialect Corpus (FRED), a computerized corpus for predominantly British English dialects comprising some 2.5 million words. Besides an account of FRED and the advantages which a functional-typological framework offers for the study of dialect grammar, the volume includes the following three substantial studies. Tanja Herrmann's study is the first systematic cross-regional study of relativization strategies for Scotland, Northern Ireland, and four major dialect areas in England. In her research design Hermann has included a number of issues crucial in typological research on relative clauses, above all the Noun Phrase Accessibility Hierarchy. Lukas Pietsch investigates the so-called Northern Subject Rule, a special agreement phenomenon known from Northern England, Scotland and Northern Ireland. His study is primarily based on the Northern Ireland Transcribed Corpus of Speech, but also on the FRED and SED data (Survey of English Dialects) for the North of England. Susanne Wagner is concerned with the phenomenon of pronominal gender, focussing especially on the typologically rather unique semantic gender system in the dialects of Southwest England. This volume will be of interest to dialectologists, sociolinguists, typologists, historical linguists, grammarians, and anyone interested in the structure of spontaneous spoken English.

Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary

Kate Woodford,Guy Jackson
Cambridge Advanced Learner s Dictionary Book PDF

Author : Kate Woodford,Guy Jackson
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 1550 pages
File Size : 44,7 Mb
Release : 2003
Category : Foreign Language Study
ISBN : 0521824230

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Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary by Kate Woodford,Guy Jackson Pdf

The Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary is the ideal dictionary for advanced EFL/ESL learners. Easy to use and with a great CD-ROM - the perfect learner's dictionary for exam success. First published as the Cambridge International Dictionary of English, this new edition has been completely updated and redesigned. - References to over 170,000 words, phrases and examples explained in clear and natural English - All the important new words that have come into the language (e.g. dirty bomb, lairy, 9/11, clickable) - Over 200 'Common Learner Error' notes, based on the Cambridge Learner Corpus from Cambridge ESOL exams Plus, on the CD-ROM: - SMART thesaurus - lets you find all the words with the same meaning - QUICKfind - automatically looks up words while you are working on-screen - SUPERwrite - tools for advanced writing, giving help with grammar and collocation - Hear and practise all the words.

The Relative Clause in Biblical Hebrew

Robert D. Holmstedt
The Relative Clause in Biblical Hebrew Book PDF

Author : Robert D. Holmstedt
Publisher : Penn State Press
Page : 472 pages
File Size : 47,6 Mb
Release : 2016-04-01
Category : History
ISBN : 9781575064208

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The Relative Clause in Biblical Hebrew by Robert D. Holmstedt Pdf

This book is the result of 15 years of research on the ancient Hebrew relative clause as well as the effective application of modern linguistic approaches to an ancient language corpus. Though the ostensible topic is the relative clause, including a full discussion of the various relative words used to introduce Hebrew relative clauses and a detailed presentation of the relevant comparative Semitic data, this work also carefully navigates the challenges of analyzing a “dead” language and offers a methodological road map for the analysis of any feature of Biblical Hebrew grammar. With the appendixes of relative clause data, including the author’s English translations, the work aims at comprehensiveness, exhaustiveness, and full transparency in data, method, and theory.

The Life of Language

Jane H. Hill,P. J. Mistry,Lyle Campbell
The Life of Language Book PDF

Author : Jane H. Hill,P. J. Mistry,Lyle Campbell
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter
Page : 540 pages
File Size : 49,6 Mb
Release : 1998
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 3110156334

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The Life of Language by Jane H. Hill,P. J. Mistry,Lyle Campbell Pdf

TRENDS IN LINGUISTICS is a series of books that open new perspectives in our understanding of language. The series publishes state-of-the-art work on core areas of linguistics across theoretical frameworks, as well as studies that provide new insights by approaching language from an interdisciplinary perspective. TRENDS IN LINGUISTICS considers itself a forum for cutting-edge research based on solid empirical data on language in its various manifestations, including sign languages. It regards linguistic variation in its synchronic and diachronic dimensions as well as in its social contexts as important sources of insight for a better understanding of the design of linguistic systems and the ecology and evolution of language. TRENDS IN LINGUISTICS publishes monographs and outstanding dissertations as well as edited volumes, which provide the opportunity to address controversial topics from different empirical and theoretical viewpoints. High quality standards are ensured through anonymous reviewing. To discuss your book idea or submit a proposal, please contact Birgit Sievert.

Grammatical gaps: definition, typology and theory

Thomas Strobel,Helmut Weiß
Grammatical gaps definition typology and theory Book PDF

Author : Thomas Strobel,Helmut Weiß
Publisher : Helmut Buske Verlag
Page : 232 pages
File Size : 50,8 Mb
Release : 2023-12-11
Category : Literary Criticism
ISBN : 9783967692914

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Grammatical gaps: definition, typology and theory by Thomas Strobel,Helmut Weiß Pdf

Grammatiken sind (metaphorisch gesprochen) Anweisungen zum richtigen Gebrauch einer Sprache. Interessanterweise zeigen Grammatiken offenbar Lücken, die dadurch entstehen, dass für bestimmte Bereiche Regeln (bzw. Formen) ganz fehlen oder dass sich einzelne Regeln widersprechen und der daraus resultierende Konflikt deren Anwendung verhindert. Grammatische Lücken, auf deren Relevanz für eine 'realistische' Grammatiktheorie wohl zuerst Marga Reis hingewiesen hat, sind in den letzten Jahren schon vereinzelt in den Fokus der Forschung geraten. Das Sonderheft versammelt Arbeiten zu verschiedenen Arten von Lücken und zeigt damit, wie ertragreich und wichtig die Erforschung grammatischer Lücken sein kann. Grammars are (metaphorically speaking) instructions for the correct use of languages. One might expect that grammars are complete, i.e., that they provide an appropriate solution for each utterance context. Interestingly, however, grammars seem to show gaps, which are caused by the fact that rules (or forms) in certain domains are missing completely or that individual rules contradict each other and that the resulting conflict prevents their application. Grammatical gaps, whose relevance for a 'realistic' theory of grammar was probably first pointed out by Marga Reis, have come into the focus of research in recent years. The present special issue collects papers on different kinds of gaps and shows how fruitful and important the investigation of grammatical gaps can prove to be. Inhalt: Introduction – Ralf Vogel: Grammatical gaps, grammatical invention and grammatical theory – André Meinunger: Unexpected finite verb forms in German – cases of grammatical illusion? – Patrick Mächler, Anja Hasse: Gaps of definiteness. Marking of (in)definiteness in Swiss German, Norwegian, Faroese and Elfdalian – Elisabeth Scherr: Attraction of the void. The lack of aspect in German and its effect on language change – Oliver Schallert: Morphological gaps in verbal diminutive formation: Some observations on Alemannic – Julia Bacskai-Atkari: Syntactic paradigms, markedness and similative markers in comparative and relative clauses – Fenna Bergsma: A typology of case competition in headless relatives – Ewa Trutkowski: How sex and gender shape agreement in German relative clauses – Tabea Reiner: What counts as a gap? The case of typological hierarchies

The Handbook of English Linguistics

Bas Aarts,April McMahon,Lars Hinrichs
The Handbook of English Linguistics Book PDF

Author : Bas Aarts,April McMahon,Lars Hinrichs
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 710 pages
File Size : 45,6 Mb
Release : 2023-04-17
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9781119540601

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The Handbook of English Linguistics by Bas Aarts,April McMahon,Lars Hinrichs Pdf

Second edition of this popular Handbook bringing together stimulating discussions of core English linguistics topics in a single, authoritative volume—includes numerous new and thoroughly updated chapters The second edition of the popular Handbook of English Linguistics brings together stimulating discussions of the core topics in English linguistics in a single, authoritative volume. Written by an international team of experts, the chapters cover syntax, methodology, phonetics and phonology, lexis and morphology, variation, stylistics, and discourse, and also provide discussions of theoretical and descriptive research in the field. The revised edition includes new and updated chapters on English Corpus Linguistics, experimental approaches, complements and adjuncts, English phonology and morphology, lexicography, and more. In-depth yet accessible chapters introduce key areas of English linguistics, discuss relevant research, and suggest future research directions. An important academic contribution to the field, this book: Presents thirty-two in-depth, yet accessible, chapters that discuss new research findings across the field, written by both established and emerging scholars from around the world Builds upon the very successful first edition, published in 2006 Incorporates new trends in English linguistics, including digital research methods and theoretical advances in all subfields Suggests future research directions The Handbook of English Linguistics, 2nd Edition is an essential reference work for researchers and students working in the field of English language and linguistics.

Agreement in Language Contact

Florian Dolberg
Agreement in Language Contact Book PDF

Author : Florian Dolberg
Publisher : John Benjamins Publishing Company
Page : 375 pages
File Size : 41,9 Mb
Release : 2019-06-15
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9789027262417

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Agreement in Language Contact by Florian Dolberg Pdf

Gender in English changed dramatically from the elaborate system found in Old English to the very simple he/she/it-alternation in use from (late) Middle English onwards. While either system is well described and understood, the change from one to the other is anything but: more than 120 years of research into the matter provided no prevailing opinion – let alone a consensus – regarding how it proceeded or why it occurred. The present study is the first to address this issue in the context of language contact with Old Norse, assessing this contact influence in relation to both language-formal and semantico-cognitive factors. This empirical, functional account uses rigorous, innovative methodology, interdisciplinary evidence, and well-established models of synchronic variation in diachronic application to draw a fine-grained picture of the variation, change, and loss of gender from Old to Middle English and its underlying mainsprings. The resulting plausible and parsimonious explanations will prove relevant to students and scholars of historical linguistics, morpho-syntax, language variation and change, or language contact, to name but a few.

Grammatical gender and linguistic complexity II

Francesca Di Garbo ,Bruno Olsson ,Bernhard Wälchli
Grammatical gender and linguistic complexity II Book PDF

Author : Francesca Di Garbo ,Bruno Olsson ,Bernhard Wälchli
Publisher : Language Science Press
Page : 399 pages
File Size : 55,6 Mb
Release : 2024-05-21
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9783961101801

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Grammatical gender and linguistic complexity II by Francesca Di Garbo ,Bruno Olsson ,Bernhard Wälchli Pdf

The many facets of grammatical gender remain one of the most fruitful areas of linguistic research, and pose fascinating questions about the origins and development of complexity in language. The present work is a two-volume collection of 13 chapters on the topic of grammatical gender seen through the prism of linguistic complexity. The contributions discuss what counts as complex and/or simple in grammatical gender systems, whether the distribution of gender systems across the world’s languages relates to the language ecology and social history of speech communities. Contributors demonstrate how the complexity of gender systems can be studied synchronically, both in individual languages and over large cross-linguistic samples, and diachronically, by exploring how gender systems change over time. Volume two consists of three chapters providing diachronic and typological case studies, followed by a final chapter discussing old and new theoretical and empirical challenges in the study of the dynamics of gender complexity. This volume is preceded by volume one, which, in addition to three chapters on the theoretical foundations of gender complexity, contains six chapters on grammatical gender and complexity in individual languages and language families of Africa, New Guinea, and South Asia.

Gender Acquisition in Spanish

Jessica Diebowski
Gender Acquisition in Spanish Book PDF

Author : Jessica Diebowski
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
Page : 344 pages
File Size : 49,9 Mb
Release : 2021-04-06
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9783110703047

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Gender Acquisition in Spanish by Jessica Diebowski Pdf

The comparative investigation of the acquisition of gender in Spanish by early and late bilinguals of different language combinations is highly debated and crucial as the phenomenon of gender involves grammatical features that differ in all three languages under investigation. Against this background, both early and late bilinguals face an arduous learning task which differs in complexity. Couched within a generative framework, the empirical study focuses on 257 participants with different levels of proficiency in Spanish ranging from low to advanced, and through a series of tests aims to discover which extra-linguistic and intra-linguistic factors act as triggers for non-native outcomes in adult heritage speakers and L2 learners. The observed morphological variability is argued not to stem from a representational (i.e. syntactic) deficit, but rather from a mapping problem in L2 learners and heritage speakers. Successful attainment in terms of gender is possible but dependent on the interplay between various extralinguistic and linguistic factors.

Participles

Ksenia Shagal
Participles Book PDF

Author : Ksenia Shagal
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
Page : 365 pages
File Size : 54,9 Mb
Release : 2019-11-05
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9783110629934

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Participles by Ksenia Shagal Pdf

The book is the first large-scale typological study of participles, based on data from more than 100 languages. Its main aim is to model the diversity of non-finite verb forms involved in adnominal modification. Participles are examined with respect to several morphological and syntactic parameters, and are shown to be a versatile cross-linguistic category. The book is of interest to language typologists and descriptive linguists.

The Oxford Handbook of World Englishes

Markku Filppula,Juhani Klemola,Devyani Sharma
The Oxford Handbook of World Englishes Book PDF

Author : Markku Filppula,Juhani Klemola,Devyani Sharma
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 704 pages
File Size : 43,5 Mb
Release : 2017-02-14
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9780199777785

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The Oxford Handbook of World Englishes by Markku Filppula,Juhani Klemola,Devyani Sharma Pdf

As the most widely documented language in human history, English holds a unique key to unlocking some of the mysteries of the uniquely human endowment of language. Yet the field of World Englishes has remained somewhat marginal in linguistic theory. This collection heralds a more direct and mutually constructive engagement with current linguistic theories, questions, and methodologies. It achieves this through areal overviews, theoretical chapters, and case studies. The 36 articles are divided between four themes: Foundations, World Englishes and Linguistic Theory, Areal Profiles, and Case Studies. Part I sets out the complex history of the global spread of English. This is followed, in Part II, by chapters addressing the mutual relevance and importance of World Englishes and numerous theoretical subfields of Linguistics. Part III offers detailed accounts of the structure and social histories of specific varieties of English spoken across the globe, highlighting points of theoretical interest. The collection closes with a set of case studies that exemplify the type of analysis encouraged by the volume. As attention is focused on innovative work at the interface of dialect description and theoretical explanation, the book is more succinct in its treatment of applied themes, which are given complementary coverage in other works.

Gender and Number Agreement in Arabic

Simone Bettega,Luca D’Anna
Gender and Number Agreement in Arabic Book PDF

Author : Simone Bettega,Luca D’Anna
Publisher : BRILL
Page : 429 pages
File Size : 42,5 Mb
Release : 2022-11-28
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9789004527249

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Gender and Number Agreement in Arabic by Simone Bettega,Luca D’Anna Pdf

The book provides a comprehensive survey of the complex agreement system of Arabic, spanning from the pre-Islami era to the present age and including both the written form of the language and its spoken varieties.

The Handbook of Dialectology

Charles Boberg,John Nerbonne,Dominic Watt
The Handbook of Dialectology Book PDF

Author : Charles Boberg,John Nerbonne,Dominic Watt
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 616 pages
File Size : 48,5 Mb
Release : 2018-01-04
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9781118827550

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The Handbook of Dialectology by Charles Boberg,John Nerbonne,Dominic Watt Pdf

The Handbook of Dialectology provides an authoritative, up-to-date and unusually broad account of the study of dialect, in one volume. Each chapter reviews essential research, and offers a critical discussion of the past, present and future development of the area. The volume is based on state-of-the-art research in dialectology around the world, providing the most current work available with an unusually broad scope of topics Provides a practical guide to the many methodological and statistical issues surrounding the collection and analysis of dialect data Offers summaries of dialect variation in the world's most widely spoken and commonly studied languages, including several non-European languages that have traditionally received less attention in general discussions of dialectology Reviews the intellectual development of the field, including its main theoretical schools of thought and research traditions, both academic and applied The editors are well known and highly respected, with a deep knowledge of this vast field of inquiry

The Linguistics Enterprise

Martin Everaert
The Linguistics Enterprise Book PDF

Author : Martin Everaert
Publisher : John Benjamins Publishing
Page : 393 pages
File Size : 44,9 Mb
Release : 2010
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9789027255334

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The Linguistics Enterprise by Martin Everaert Pdf

The linguistics enterprise : from knowledge of language to knowledge in linguistics / Martin Everaert ... [et al.] -- Scope ambiguities through the mirror / Raffaella Bernardi -- Phonetic and phonological approaches to early word recognition : empirical findings, methodological issues, and theoretical implications / Paola Escudero & Titia Benders -- Restructuring head and argument in West-Germanic / Arnold E. Evers -- Scope assignment in child language : on the role of the question under discussion / Andrea Gualmini & Sharon Unsworth -- The learnability of A-bar chains / Jacqueline van Kampen -- Looking at anaphora : the psychological reality of the primitives of binding model / Arnout W. Koornneef -- Incremental discourse processing : how coherence relations influence the resolution of pronouns / Willem M. Mak & Ted J.M. Sanders -- Theoretical validity and psychological reality of the grammatical code / Ad Neeleman & Hans van de Koot -- Monitoring for speech errors has different functions in inner and overt speech / Sieb Nooteboom -- What's in a quantifier? / Rick Nouwen -- Minimal versus not so minimal pronouns : feature transmission, feature deletion, and the role of economy in the language system / Eric Reuland -- Against partitioned readings of reciprocals / Sivan Sabato & Yoad Winter -- The representation and processing of fixed and compositional expressions / Joost Schilperoord & Rein Cozijn -- Clitic doubling in Spanish : agreement of the third kind / Jan Schroten -- Metalinguistic processing and acquisition within the MOGUL framework / Michael Sharwood Smith -- Catching heffalumps : onset fricatives in child speech / Wim Zonneveld

Linguistic Variation

Rena Torres Cacoullos,Nathalie Dion,André Lapierre
Linguistic Variation Book PDF

Author : Rena Torres Cacoullos,Nathalie Dion,André Lapierre
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 356 pages
File Size : 52,6 Mb
Release : 2014-10-24
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9781317688181

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Linguistic Variation by Rena Torres Cacoullos,Nathalie Dion,André Lapierre Pdf

Linguistic Variation: Confronting Fact and Theory honors Shana Poplack in bringing together contributions from leading scholars in language variation and change. The book demonstrates how variationist methodology can be applied to the study of linguistic structures and processes. It introduces readers to variation theory, while also providing an overview of current debates on the linguistic, cognitive and sociocultural factors involved in linguistic patterning. With its coverage of a diverse range of language varieties and linguistic problems, this book offers new quantitative analyses of actual language production and processing from both top experts and emerging scholars, and presents students and practitioners with theoretical frameworks to meaningfully engage in accountable research practice.