Agreement In Natural Language

Author : Center for the Study of Language and Information (U.S.)
Publisher : Center for the Study of Language (CSLI)
Page : 384 pages
File Size : 41,9 Mb
Release : 1988-07
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 0937073024

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Agreement in Natural Language by Center for the Study of Language and Information (U.S.) Pdf

Although grammatical agreement or concord is widespread in human languages, linguistic theorists have generally treated agreement phenomena as secondary or even marginal. All the papers in this volume, however, take agreement phenomena seriously, as presenting either a general issue in theory construction or a descriptive problem in particular types of languages. The theoretical perspectives range from purportedly theory-neutral typological frameworks to assumptions about the validity of one or another current formal model. Further, the degree of generality ranges from a universalist nature-of-human-language agenda to concern with one or another aspect of grammatical agreement or with agreement in a single language or language group.

Author : Peter W. Smith,Johannes Mursell,Katharina Hartmann
Publisher : Language Science Press
Page : 482 pages
File Size : 51,7 Mb
Release : 2020
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9783961102143

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Agree to Agree by Peter W. Smith,Johannes Mursell,Katharina Hartmann Pdf

Agreement is a pervasive phenomenon across natural languages. Depending on one’s definition of what constitutes agreement, it is either found in virtually every natural language that we know of, or it is at least found in a great many. Either way, it seems to be a core part of the system that underpins our syntactic knowledge. Since the introduction of the operation of Agree in Chomsky (2000), agreement phenomena and the mechanism that underlies agreement have garnered a lot of attention in the Minimalist literature and have received different theoretical treatments at different stages. Since then, many different phenomena involving dependencies between elements in syntax, including movement or not, have been accounted for using Agree. The mechanism of Agree thus provides a powerful tool to model dependencies between syntactic elements far beyond φ-feature agreement. The articles collected in this volume further explore these topics and contribute to the ongoing debates surrounding agreement. The authors gathered in this book are internationally reknown experts in the field of Agreement.

Author : Emily M. Bender
Publisher : Morgan & Claypool Publishers
Page : 186 pages
File Size : 46,6 Mb
Release : 2013-06-01
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9781627050128

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Linguistic Fundamentals for Natural Language Processing by Emily M. Bender Pdf

Many NLP tasks have at their core a subtask of extracting the dependencies—who did what to whom—from natural language sentences. This task can be understood as the inverse of the problem solved in different ways by diverse human languages, namely, how to indicate the relationship between different parts of a sentence. Understanding how languages solve the problem can be extremely useful in both feature design and error analysis in the application of machine learning to NLP. Likewise, understanding cross-linguistic variation can be important for the design of MT systems and other multilingual applications. The purpose of this book is to present in a succinct and accessible fashion information about the morphological and syntactic structure of human languages that can be useful in creating more linguistically sophisticated, more language-independent, and thus more successful NLP systems. Table of Contents: Acknowledgments / Introduction/motivation / Morphology: Introduction / Morphophonology / Morphosyntax / Syntax: Introduction / Parts of speech / Heads, arguments, and adjuncts / Argument types and grammatical functions / Mismatches between syntactic position and semantic roles / Resources / Bibliography / Author's Biography / General Index / Index of Languages

Author : Susan Steele
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 458 pages
File Size : 46,7 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9789400923782

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Agreement and Anti-Agreement by Susan Steele Pdf

Author : G. Edward Barton,Robert C. Berwick,Eric Sven Ristad
Publisher : Bradford Books
Page : 350 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 1987
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 0262524058

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Computational Complexity and Natural Language by G. Edward Barton,Robert C. Berwick,Eric Sven Ristad Pdf

A nontechnical introduction to complexity theory: its strengths, its weaknesses, and how it can be used to study grammars.

Author : Ewan Klein,Frank Veltman
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 195 pages
File Size : 41,6 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9783642771897

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Natural Language and Speech by Ewan Klein,Frank Veltman Pdf

This volume in the Basic Research Series consists of the proceedings of the Symposium on Natural Language and Speech held during the ESPRIT Conference of November 1991 - a conference that serves to open up ESPRIT results not only to the ESPRIT community but also to the entire European IT industry and its users. The symposium is organised by the newly launched Network of Excellence on Language and Speech (3701) which brings together the foremost European experts and institutions in these two domains. By bringing together these two communities, which have so far been working in relative isolation from each other, the network aims to augment the focusing of research onto the long-term goal of the "construction of an integrated model of the cognitive chain linking speech to reasoning via natural language". To advance towards this industrially significant goal, the network operates at different levels - a strategy for research, a coordination for the training of needed researchers and a coordination of the use of its resource and communication infrastructure for the most efficient interworking of the members of the community who are spread all over Europe. This symposium is a small but significant building block for the achievement of the goals of the network.

Author : Xiaodan Zhu,Min Zhang,Yu Hong,Ruifang He
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 873 pages
File Size : 54,7 Mb
Release : 2020-10-05
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9783030604509

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Natural Language Processing and Chinese Computing by Xiaodan Zhu,Min Zhang,Yu Hong,Ruifang He Pdf

This two-volume set of LNAI 12340 and LNAI 12341 constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 9th CCF Conference on Natural Language Processing and Chinese Computing, NLPCC 2020, held in Zhengzhou, China, in October 2020. The 70 full papers, 30 poster papers and 14 workshop papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 320 submissions. They are organized in the following areas: Conversational Bot/QA; Fundamentals of NLP; Knowledge Base, Graphs and Semantic Web; Machine Learning for NLP; Machine Translation and Multilinguality; NLP Applications; Social Media and Network; Text Mining; and Trending Topics.

Author : Yunyao Li,Davood Rafiei
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 136 pages
File Size : 46,6 Mb
Release : 2022-06-01
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9783031018626

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Natural Language Data Management and Interfaces by Yunyao Li,Davood Rafiei Pdf

The volume of natural language text data has been rapidly increasing over the past two decades, due to factors such as the growth of the Web, the low cost associated with publishing, and the progress on the digitization of printed texts. This growth combined with the proliferation of natural language systems for search and retrieving information provides tremendous opportunities for studying some of the areas where database systems and natural language processing systems overlap. This book explores two interrelated and important areas of overlap: (1) managing natural language data and (2) developing natural language interfaces to databases. It presents relevant concepts and research questions, state-of-the-art methods, related systems, and research opportunities and challenges covering both areas. Relevant topics discussed on natural language data management include data models, data sources, queries, storage and indexing, and transforming natural language text. Under natural language interfaces, it presents the anatomy of these interfaces to databases, the challenges related to query understanding and query translation, and relevant aspects of user interactions. Each of the challenges is covered in a systematic way: first starting with a quick overview of the topics, followed by a comprehensive view of recent techniques that have been proposed to address the challenge along with illustrative examples. It also reviews some notable systems in details in terms of how they address different challenges and their contributions. Finally, it discusses open challenges and opportunities for natural language management and interfaces. The goal of this book is to provide an introduction to the methods, problems, and solutions that are used in managing natural language data and building natural language interfaces to databases. It serves as a starting point for readers who are interested in pursuing additional work on these exciting topics in both academic and industrial environments.

Author : Matthew Reeve,Mihaela Marchis Moreno
Publisher : Saint Philip Street Press
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 49,5 Mb
Release : 2020-10-09
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 1013294688

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Agreement, Case and Locality in the Nominal and Verbal Domains by Matthew Reeve,Mihaela Marchis Moreno Pdf

This book explores the Agree operation and its morphological realisations (agreement and case), specifically focusing on the connection between Agree and other syntactic dependencies such as movement, binding and control. The chapters in this volume examine a diverse set of cross-linguistic phenomena involving agreement and case from a variety of theoretical perspectives, with a view to elucidating the nature of the abstract operations that underlie them. The phenomena discussed include backward control, passivisation, progressive aspectual constructions, extraction from nominals, possessives, relative clauses and the phasal status of PPs. This work was published by Saint Philip Street Press pursuant to a Creative Commons license permitting commercial use. All rights not granted by the work's license are retained by the author or authors.

Author : Fei Liu,Nan Duan,Qingting Xu,Yu Hong
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 885 pages
File Size : 52,5 Mb
Release : 2023-11-08
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9783031446962

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Natural Language Processing and Chinese Computing by Fei Liu,Nan Duan,Qingting Xu,Yu Hong Pdf

This three-volume set constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 12th National CCF Conference on Natural Language Processing and Chinese Computing, NLPCC 2023, held in Foshan, China, during October 12–15, 2023. The ____ regular papers included in these proceedings were carefully reviewed and selected from 478 submissions. They were organized in topical sections as follows: dialogue systems; fundamentals of NLP; information extraction and knowledge graph; machine learning for NLP; machine translation and multilinguality; multimodality and explainability; NLP applications and text mining; question answering; large language models; summarization and generation; student workshop; and evaluation workshop.

Author : Lisa Beinborn,Nora Hollenstein
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 166 pages
File Size : 44,7 Mb
Release : 2023-12-04
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9783031432606

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Cognitive Plausibility in Natural Language Processing by Lisa Beinborn,Nora Hollenstein Pdf

This book explores the cognitive plausibility of computational language models and why it’s an important factor in their development and evaluation. The authors present the idea that more can be learned about cognitive plausibility of computational language models by linking signals of cognitive processing load in humans to interpretability methods that allow for exploration of the hidden mechanisms of neural models. The book identifies limitations when applying the existing methodology for representational analyses to contextualized settings and critiques the current emphasis on form over more grounded approaches to modeling language. The authors discuss how novel techniques for transfer and curriculum learning could lead to cognitively more plausible generalization capabilities in models. The book also highlights the importance of instance-level evaluation and includes thorough discussion of the ethical considerations that may arise throughout the various stages of cognitive plausibility research.

Author : Elisabeth Métais,Farid Meziane,Helmut Horacek,Epaminondas Kapetanios
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 385 pages
File Size : 48,6 Mb
Release : 2021-06-19
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9783030805999

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Natural Language Processing and Information Systems by Elisabeth Métais,Farid Meziane,Helmut Horacek,Epaminondas Kapetanios Pdf

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 26th International Conference on Applications of Natural Language to Information Systems, NLDB 2021, held online in July 2021. The 19 full papers and 14 short papers were carefully reviewed and selected from 82 submissions. The papers are organized in the following topical sections: role of learning; methodological approaches; semantic relations; classification; sentiment analysis; social media; linking documents; multimodality; applications.

Author : J. Ouhalla,U. Shlonsky
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 322 pages
File Size : 42,5 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9789401003513

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Themes in Arabic and Hebrew Syntax by J. Ouhalla,U. Shlonsky Pdf

The aim of this enterprise is to assemble together in one volume works on various syntactic aspects of Arabic and Hebrew, in the hope that it will spur further comparative work within the Semitic family at the level of richness achieved in other language families such as Germanic and Romance. Although a substantial amount of work on the syntax of Arabic and Hebrew already exists in various forms, volumes of the type we have attempted are still practically non-existent. Moreover, apart from some notable exceptions, existing studies rarely take a systematic within-family comparative stance towards the phenomena they discuss, although cross-references between studies on Arabic and Hebrew are not uncommon. Obviously, we would ideally have preferred the volume to include papers on numerous other Semitic languages, including the languages of the Ethio Semitic branch as well as numerous spoken varieties of Arabic that have yet to be explored. Unfortunately, this was not possible due to circumstances beyond our control. We very much hope that the existence of this volume will make more inclusive volumes on the syntax of the Semitic languages only a matter of time.

Author : Tamas D. Gedeon,Lance C.C. Fung
Publisher : Springer
Page : 1078 pages
File Size : 50,6 Mb
Release : 2003-12-01
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9783540245810

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AI 2003: Advances in Artificial Intelligence by Tamas D. Gedeon,Lance C.C. Fung Pdf

Consider the problem of a robot (algorithm, learning mechanism) moving along the real line attempting to locate a particular point ? . To assist the me- anism, we assume that it can communicate with an Environment (“Oracle”) which guides it with information regarding the direction in which it should go. If the Environment is deterministic the problem is the “Deterministic Point - cation Problem” which has been studied rather thoroughly [1]. In its pioneering version [1] the problem was presented in the setting that the Environment could charge the robot a cost which was proportional to the distance it was from the point sought for. The question of having multiple communicating robots locate a point on the line has also been studied [1, 2]. In the stochastic version of this problem, we consider the scenario when the learning mechanism attempts to locate a point in an interval with stochastic (i. e. , possibly erroneous) instead of deterministic responses from the environment. Thus when it should really be moving to the “right” it may be advised to move to the “left” and vice versa. Apart from the problem being of importance in its own right, the stoch- tic pointlocationproblemalsohas potentialapplications insolvingoptimization problems. Inmanyoptimizationsolutions–forexampleinimageprocessing,p- tern recognition and neural computing [5, 9, 11, 12, 14, 16, 19], the algorithm worksits wayfromits currentsolutionto the optimalsolutionbasedoninfor- tion that it currentlyhas. A crucialquestionis oneof determining the parameter whichtheoptimizationalgorithmshoulduse.

Author : Shigeru Miyagawa
Publisher : MIT Press
Page : 400 pages
File Size : 42,9 Mb
Release : 2009-10-30
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9780262265973

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Why Agree? Why Move? by Shigeru Miyagawa Pdf

An argument that not only do movement and agreement occur in every language, they also work in tandem to imbue natural language with enormous expressive power. An unusual property of human language is the existence of movement operations. Modern syntactic theory from its inception has dealt with the puzzle of why movement should occur. In this monograph, Shigeru Miyagawa combines this question with another, that of the occurrence of agreement systems. Using data from a wide range of languages, he argues that movement and agreement work in tandem to achieve a specific goal: to imbue natural language with enormous expressive power. Without movement and agreement, he contends, human language would be merely a shadow of itself, with severe limitation on what can be expressed. Miyagawa investigates a variety of languages, including English, Japanese, Bantu languages, Romance languages, Finnish, and Chinese. He finds that every language manifests some kind of agreement, some in the form of the familiar person/number/gender system and others in the form of what Katalin É. Kiss calls “discourse configurational” features such as topic and focus. A key proposal of his argument is that the computational system in syntax deals with the wide range of agreement types uniformly—as if there were just one system—and an integral part of this computation turns out to be movement. Why Agree? Why Move? is unique in proposing a unified system for movement and agreement across language groups that are vastly diverse—Bantu languages, East Asian languages, Indo-European languages, and others.