Agricultural Subsidies In The Wto Green Box

Author : Ricardo Meléndez-Ortiz,Christophe Bellmann,Jonathan Hepburn
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 706 pages
File Size : 43,7 Mb
Release : 2009-12-03
Category : Law
ISBN : 9781139482301

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Agricultural Subsidies in the WTO Green Box by Ricardo Meléndez-Ortiz,Christophe Bellmann,Jonathan Hepburn Pdf

Do the World Trade Organization's rules on 'green box' farm subsidies allow both rich and poor countries to achieve important goals such as food security, or do they worsen poverty, distort trade and harm the environment? Current WTO requirements set no ceiling on the amount of green box subsidies that governments can provide, on the basis that these payments cause only minimal trade distortion. Governments are thus increasingly shifting their subsidy spending into this category, as they come under pressure to reduce subsidies that are more directly linked to production. However, growing evidence nonetheless suggests that green box payments can affect production and trade, harm farmers in developing countries and cause environmental damage. By bringing together new research and critical thinking, this book examines the relationship between green box subsidies and the achievement of sustainable development goals, and explores options for future reform.

Author : Ricardo Meléndez-Ortiz,Christophe Bellmann,Jonathan Hepburn
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 706 pages
File Size : 53,9 Mb
Release : 2009-12-03
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780521519694

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Agricultural Subsidies in the WTO Green Box by Ricardo Meléndez-Ortiz,Christophe Bellmann,Jonathan Hepburn Pdf

Growing evidence suggests that 'green box' farm subsidies may in fact affect production and trade, harm farmers in developing countries and cause environmental damage. This book brings together new research and analysis examining the relationship between green box subsidies and sustainable development goals, and explores options for future reform.

Author : Randall Dean Schnepf,Jasper Womach
Publisher : Nova Publishers
Page : 120 pages
File Size : 52,9 Mb
Release : 2008
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 1604564202

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Potential Challenges to U.S. Farm Subsidies in the WTO by Randall Dean Schnepf,Jasper Womach Pdf

This book provides background regarding the vulnerability of U.S. agricultural support programs to potential WTO dispute settlement challenges. It does not predict which WTO members might challenge U.S. commodity subsidies, nor will the likelihood that such challenges be brought. Instead, this book reviews the general criteria for successfully challenging a farm subsidy program, and then uses available data and published economic analyses to weigh U.S. farm programs against these criteria.

Author : Farai Chigavazira
Publisher : Anchor Academic Publishing
Page : 213 pages
File Size : 54,9 Mb
Release : 2016-09
Category : Law
ISBN : 9783960670599

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The Regulation of Agricultural Subsidies in the World Trade Organization Framework. A Developing Country Perspective by Farai Chigavazira Pdf

The Agreement on Agriculture (AoA) was adopted to eliminate the illegitimate use of trade distorting agricultural subsidies and, thereby, reduce and avoid the negative effects subsidies have on global agricultural trade. However, the AoA has been fashioned in a way that is enabling developed countries to continue high levels of protectionism through subsidization, whilst many developing countries are facing severe and often damaging competition from imports artificially cheapened through subsidies. The regulation of subsidies by the World Trade Organisation (WTO) has been a highly sensitive issue. This is mainly due to the fear of compromising on food security, especially by developed countries. Developing countries have suffered negatively from the subsidy programmes of developed countries, which continue to subsidize their agricultural sector. This position of developing countries in the global trade system, which has been described as weak, has drawn criticism of the WTO, namely that it does not protect the interests of the weak developing nations, but rather strengthens the interests of the strong developed nations. The green box provisions which are specifically designed to regulate payments that are considered trade neutral or minimally trade distorting have grossly been manipulated by developed countries at the mercy of the AoA. Developed countries continue to provide trade distorting subsidies under the guise of green box support. This is defeating the aims and objectives of the AoA. The study examines the regulation of WTO agricultural subsidies from the developing countries’ perspective. It looks at the problems WTO member states face with trade distorting subsidies, but focuses more on the impact these have on developing states. It scrutinizes the AoA’s provisions regulating subsidies by adopting a perspective to identify any loopholes or shortcomings which undermine the interests and aspirations of developing countries. This is against the background that some of the provisions of the AoA are lenient towards the needs of developed countries at the expense of developing countries.

Author : David Orden,David Blandford,Tim Josling
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 519 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 2011-03-31
Category : Law
ISBN : 9781139501330

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WTO Disciplines on Agricultural Support by David Orden,David Blandford,Tim Josling Pdf

Farm support is contentious in international negotiations. This in-depth assessment of the legal compliance and economic evaluation issues raised by the WTO Agreement on Agriculture presents consistent support data and forward-looking projections for eight developed and developing countries (EU, US, Japan, Norway, Brazil, China, India, Philippines), using original estimates where official notifications are not available. Variations over time in notified support in some cases reflect real policy changes; others merely reflect shifts in how countries represent their measures. The stalled Doha negotiations presage significantly tighter constraints for developed countries that provide the highest support, but loopholes will persist. Developing countries face fewer constraints and their trade-distorting farm support can rise. Pressure points and key remaining issues if a Doha agreement is reached are evaluated. Vigilant monitoring for compliance of farm support with WTO commitments will be required to lessen its negative consequences whether or not the Doha Round is concluded.

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 144 pages
File Size : 51,9 Mb
Release : 2005
Category : Agricultural industries
ISBN : STANFORD:36105063706274

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Agriculture and the WTO by Anonim Pdf

This conference addresses current developments in multilateral negotiations and the WTO cases on agriculture, and analyzing their impact on the future of the world agricultural market. [source unknown].

Author : Fuzhi Cheng
Publisher : Intl Food Policy Res Inst
Page : 44 pages
File Size : 54,5 Mb
Release : 2024-06-18
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 8210379456XXX

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China: Shadow WTO Agricultural Domestic Support Notifications by Fuzhi Cheng Pdf

Author : Michiel Keyzer,Max Merbis,Geert Overbosch
Publisher : Food & Agriculture Org.
Page : 100 pages
File Size : 48,7 Mb
Release : 2000
Category : Agriculture
ISBN : 9251044236

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WTO, Agriculture, and Developing Countries by Michiel Keyzer,Max Merbis,Geert Overbosch Pdf

The 3rd Ministerial Conference of the World Trade Organization (WTO) at Seattle was not able to launch a new and comprehensive round of multilateral trade negotiations, but it is expected that in the coming years the WTO will be the forum of these negotiations, commonly referred to as the Millenium Round. Developing countries are currently greatly involved in the WTO process and seek active participation in this round. In relation to least developed countries in Africa, and with Ethiopia as country for a case study, the present paper argues that the Agreement on Agriculture, part of the Uruguay Round, has put a system of basic mechanisms into place but not led to significant agricultural trade liberalization. At the same time, a new host of issues have emerged that relate directly or indirectly to food and agriculture. The report highlights the various interactions between these subjects from the perspective of Ethiopia.

Author : Kataryna Zelenska
Publisher : BRILL
Page : 473 pages
File Size : 53,6 Mb
Release : 2018-02-05
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9789004353695

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Grain Subsidies in Ukraine by Kataryna Zelenska Pdf

Grain Subsidies in Ukraine is the first attempt to examine impact of international trade law on Ukrainian policies in the cereals sector. The author focuses on the role of WTO law and the EU-Ukraine Association Agreement in force since 2016.

Author : Merlinda D. Ingco,John D. Nash
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 411 pages
File Size : 52,9 Mb
Release : 2004-03-17
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780821354858

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Agriculture and the WTO by Merlinda D. Ingco,John D. Nash Pdf

Annotation This comprehensive reference explores the key issues and options in agricultural trade liberalization from a developing country perspective. Throughout, the focus is on ensuring that the outcome of WTO negotiations contributes to growth in developing countries.

Author : Hoda, Anwarul,Gulati, Ashok
Publisher : Intl Food Policy Res Inst
Page : 318 pages
File Size : 52,7 Mb
Release : 2008-04-03
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780801886980

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WTO negotiations on agriculture and developing countries by Hoda, Anwarul,Gulati, Ashok Pdf

The World Trade Organization’s Doha Round of trade talks has been plagued by a lack of concrete progress toward establishing a fair and harmonious agricultural trading system. Because the results of the Doha Round could have far-reaching implications for the trade and economic prospects of developing countries in the twenty-first century, it is critical for these countries to fully understand the issues involved in the negotiations on agriculture. However, there has been no authoritative analysis of the rules and modalities on which governments of developing countries can rely. This book, coauthored by an insider to the trade talks that led to the establishment of the WTO, fills this gap. The volume begins with a detailed analysis of the provisions of the WTO’s Agreement on Agriculture and the modalities of the negotiations. It examines the implementation experience of key members of the WTO, then traces the developments in the negotiations up to the recent impasse. In light of these considerations, and on the basis of a case study of India, the authors propose various elements of a negotiating position and strategy for developing countries. The authors offer tough but realistic recommendations regarding tariffs, market access, treatment of sensitive or special products, and other aspects of international trade. This book will be of particular interest to researchers and practitioners as well as students seeking in-depth knowledge of the recent history of agricultural trade talks.

Author : Lars Brink,David Orden
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 297 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 2023-02-16
Category : Law
ISBN : 9781009084765

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Agricultural Domestic Support Under the WTO by Lars Brink,David Orden Pdf

The WTO Agreement on Agriculture subjects different groups of developed and developing countries to different limits on domestic support and allows various exemptions from these limits. Offering a comprehensive assessment of the Agreement's rules and implementation, this book develops guidance toward socially desirable support policies. Although dispute settlement has clarified interpretation of the Agriculture and SCM Agreements, gaps remain between the legal disciplines and the economic effects of support. Considering the Agriculture Agreement also in the context of today's priorities of sustainability and climate change mitigation, Lars Brink and David Orden build a strategy that aligns the rules and members' commitments with the economic impacts of agricultural support measures. While providing in-depth analysis of the existing rules, their shortcomings and the limited scope of ongoing negotiations, the authors take a long-term view, where policies directed toward evolving priorities in agriculture are compatible with strengthened rules that reduce trade and production distortions.

Author : Michael Cardwell,Margaret R. Grossman,C. P. Rodgers
Publisher : CABI
Page : 360 pages
File Size : 55,6 Mb
Release : 2003
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 0851998461

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Agriculture and International Trade by Michael Cardwell,Margaret R. Grossman,C. P. Rodgers Pdf

The World Trade Organization (WTO) Agreement on Agriculture has had a fundamental impact on agricultural policy worldwide. The new WTO agreements will cover agriculture,sanitary and phytosanitary measures, technical barriers to trade and trade in intellectual property rights. This book addresses the interface between the law of international agricultural trade, the emerging legal and economic order for agricultural trade under the auspices of the WTO, and its impact on agricultural policy reform both in the European Union and the USA. With contributions from leading authorities in the appropriate areas.

Author : G. S. Bhalla, Jean-Luc Racine, Frédéric Landy
Publisher : Les Editions de la MSH
Page : 318 pages
File Size : 43,9 Mb
Release : 2008-05-05
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9782735113781

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Agriculture and The World Trade Organisation by G. S. Bhalla, Jean-Luc Racine, Frédéric Landy Pdf

The volume offers to the reader a multi-faceted dialogue between noted experts from two major agricultural countries, both founding members of the Word Trade Organisation, each one with different stakes in the great globalisation game. After providing the recent historical background of agricultural policies in India and France, the contributors address burning issues related to market and regulation, food security and food safety, the expected benefits from the WTO and the genuine problems raised by the new forms of international trade in agriculture, including the sensitive question of intellectual property rights in bio-technologies. This informed volume underlines the necessity of moving beyond the North-South divide, in order to address the real challenges of the future.

Author : Sachin Kumar Sharma
Publisher : Springer
Page : 218 pages
File Size : 42,5 Mb
Release : 2016-09-28
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9789811021794

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The WTO and Food Security by Sachin Kumar Sharma Pdf

This book examines the public stockholding policies of selected developing countries from the perspective of WTO rules and assesses whether the provisions of the Agreement on Agriculture (AoA) could hamper these countries’ efforts to address the challenges of food security. Further, it highlights the need to amend the provisions of the AoA to make WTO rules just and fair for the millions of people suffering from hunger and malnutrition in developing countries. This book highlights that 12 countries namely China, Egypt, India, Indonesia, Jordan, Kenya, Morocco, Pakistan, Tunisia, Turkey, Zambia and Zimbabwe are facing or will face problems in implementing the food security policies due to the provisions under AoA. These provisions need to be amended for permitting developing countries to address hunger and undernourishment. Progress in WTO negotiations on public stockholding for food security purposes are also discussed and analysed. The findings of this study greatly benefit trade negotiators, policymakers, civil society, farmers groups, researchers, students and academics interested in issues related to the WTO, agriculture and food security.