American Missionaries In Iran During The 1960s And 1970s

Author : Philip O. Hopkins
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 288 pages
File Size : 50,8 Mb
Release : 2020-09-22
Category : History
ISBN : 9783030512149

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American Missionaries in Iran during the 1960s and 1970s by Philip O. Hopkins Pdf

This work explores the interaction of American Protestant missionaries with Iranians during the 1960s and 1970s. It focuses on the missionary activities of four American Protestant groups: Presbyterians, Assemblies of God, International Missions, and Southern Baptists. It argues that American missionaries’ predisposition toward their own culture confused their message of the gospel and added to the negative perception of Christianity among Iranians. This bias was seen primarily in the American missionaries’ desire to modernize Iran through education and healthcare, and between the missionaries’ relationship with Iranian Christians. Iranian attitudes towards missionary involvement in these areas are investigated, as is the changing American missionary strategy from a traditional method where missionaries had the final say on most matters related to American and Iranian Christian interaction, to the beginnings of an indigenous system where a partnership developed between the missionary and the Iranian Christian.

Author : Matthew K. Shannon
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
Page : 288 pages
File Size : 46,5 Mb
Release : 2021-10-07
Category : History
ISBN : 9781350118737

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American-Iranian Dialogues by Matthew K. Shannon Pdf

Bringing together historians of US foreign relations and scholars of Iranian studies, American-Iranian Dialogues examines the cultural connections between Americans and Iranians from the constitutional period of the 1890s through to the start of the White Revolution in the 1960s. Taking an innovative cultural approach, chapters are centred around major themes in American-Iranian encounters and cultural exchange throughout this period, including stories of origin, cultural representations, nationalism and discourses on development. Expert contributors draw together different strands of US-Iranian relations to discuss a range of path-breaking topics such as the history of education, heritage exchange, oil development and the often-overlooked interactions between American and Iranian non-state actors. Through exploring the understudied cultural dimensions of US-Iranian relations, this book will be essential reading for students and scholars interested in American history, international history, Iranian studies and Middle Eastern studies.

Author : Matthew K. Shannon
Publisher : Cornell University Press
Page : 331 pages
File Size : 41,8 Mb
Release : 2024-06-15
Category : History
ISBN : 9781501775956

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Mission Manifest by Matthew K. Shannon Pdf

In Mission Manifest, Matthew Shannon argues that American evangelicals were central to American-Iranian relations during the decades leading up to the 1979 revolution. These Presbyterian missionaries and other Americans with ideals worked with US government officials, nongovernmental organizations, and their Iranian counterparts as cultural and political brokers—the living sinews of a binational relationship during the Second World War and early Cold War. As US global hegemony peaked between the 1940s and the 1960s, the religious authority of the Presbyterian Mission merged with the material power of the American state to infuse US foreign relations with the messianic ideals of Christian evangelicalism. In Tehran, the missions of American evangelicals became manifest in the realms of religion, development programs, international education, and cultural associations. Americans who lived in Iran also returned to the United States to inform the growth of the national security state, higher education, and evangelical culture. The literal and figurative missions of American evangelicals in late Pahlavi Iran had consequences for the binational relationship, the global evangelical movement, and individual Americans and Iranians. Mission Manifest offers a history of living, breathing people who shared personal, professional, and political aims in Iran at the height of American global power.

Author : Lena Rose,Ebru Öztürk
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
Page : 265 pages
File Size : 41,9 Mb
Release : 2024-05-16
Category : Religion
ISBN : 9781350407893

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Asylum and Conversion to Christianity in Europe by Lena Rose,Ebru Öztürk Pdf

Drawing together previously disjointed scholarship on the topic of asylum and conversion from Islam to Christianity, this book shows how boundaries of belonging are negotiated between Middle Eastern ex-Muslim asylum seekers, church representatives, lawyers, legal decision-makers and policymakers. With case studies from European countries such as Germany, Austria, Finland and Sweden, the book takes an interdisciplinary approach including ethnographic and other qualitative research, discourse analysis and case law analysis, to explore the complexities of the phenomenon of asylum and conversion from Islam to Christianity. This book is an authoritative resource for academic scholars in fields as diverse as migration and refugee studies, anthropology, sociology, religious studies, law and socio-legal studies, as well as legal and religious practitioners.

Author : Geoffrey F. Gresh,Tugrul Keskin
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 308 pages
File Size : 52,6 Mb
Release : 2018-04-17
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781351169622

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US Foreign Policy in the Middle East by Geoffrey F. Gresh,Tugrul Keskin Pdf

The dawn of the Cold War marked a new stage of complex U.S. foreign policy involvement in the Middle East. More recently, globalization and the region’s ongoing conflicts and political violence have led to the U.S. being more politically, economically, and militarily enmeshed – for better or worse—throughout the region. This book examines the emergence and development of U.S. foreign policy toward the Middle East from the early 1900s to the present. With contributions from some of the world’s leading scholars, it takes a fresh, interdisciplinary, and insightful look into the many antecedents that led to current U.S. foreign policy. Exploring the historical challenges, regional alliances, rapid political change, economic interests, domestic politics, and other sources of regional instability, this volume comprises critical analysis from Iranian, Turkish, Israeli, American, and Arab perspectives to provide a comprehensive examination of the evolution and transformation of U.S. foreign policy toward the Middle East. This volume is an important resource for scholars and students working in the fields of Political Science, Sociology, International Relations, Islamic, Turkish, Iranian, Arab, and Israeli Studies.

Author : Matthew K. Shannon
Publisher : Cornell University Press
Page : 193 pages
File Size : 40,9 Mb
Release : 2024-06-15
Category : History
ISBN : 9781501775963

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Mission Manifest by Matthew K. Shannon Pdf

In Mission Manifest, Matthew Shannon argues that American evangelicals were central to American-Iranian relations during the decades leading up to the 1979 revolution. These Presbyterian missionaries and other Americans with ideals worked with US government officials, nongovernmental organizations, and their Iranian counterparts as cultural and political brokers—the living sinews of a binational relationship during the Second World War and early Cold War. As US global hegemony peaked between the 1940s and the 1960s, the religious authority of the Presbyterian Mission merged with the material power of the American state to infuse US foreign relations with the messianic ideals of Christian evangelicalism. In Tehran, the missions of American evangelicals became manifest in the realms of religion, development programs, international education, and cultural associations. Americans who lived in Iran also returned to the United States to inform the growth of the national security state, higher education, and evangelical culture. The literal and figurative missions of American evangelicals in late Pahlavi Iran had consequences for the binational relationship, the global evangelical movement, and individual Americans and Iranians. Mission Manifest offers a history of living, breathing people who shared personal, professional, and political aims in Iran at the height of American global power.

Author : Peter Beyer,Lori Beaman
Publisher : BRILL
Page : 616 pages
File Size : 51,9 Mb
Release : 2007-10-30
Category : Religion
ISBN : 9789047422716

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Religion, Globalization, and Culture by Peter Beyer,Lori Beaman Pdf

The topic of religion and globalization is complex, susceptible to a great variety of approaches. This book combines contributions from many authors who examine a wide range of subjects ranging from overall theoretical considerations to detailed regional perspectives. No single understanding of either religion or globalization is privileged.

Author : Anne Sofie Roald,Anh Nga Longva
Publisher : BRILL
Page : 380 pages
File Size : 42,8 Mb
Release : 2011-11-11
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9789004216846

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Religious Minorities in the Middle East by Anne Sofie Roald,Anh Nga Longva Pdf

Focusing on the situation of both Muslim and non-Muslim religious minorities in the Middle East, this volume offers an analysis of various strategies of resilience and accommodation from a historical as well a contemporary perspective.

Author : Tareq Y. Ismael,Glenn E. Perry
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 304 pages
File Size : 55,8 Mb
Release : 2013-10-01
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781135006914

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The International Relations of the Contemporary Middle East by Tareq Y. Ismael,Glenn E. Perry Pdf

The Middle East, a few decades ago, was seen to be an autonomous subsystem of the global international political system. More recently, the region has been subordinated to the hegemony of a singular superpower, the US, bolstered by an alliance with Israel and a network of Arab client states. The subordination of the contemporary Middle East has resulted in large part from the disappearance of countervailing forces, for example, global bipolarity, that for a while allowed the Arab world in particular to exercise a modicum of flexibility in shaping its international relations.The aspirations of the indigenous population of the Middle East have been stifled by the dynamics of the unequal global power relationships, and domestic politics of the countries of the region are regularly subordinated to the prerogatives of international markets and the strategic competition of the great powers. Employing the concept of imperialism, defined as a pattern of alliances between a center (rulers) in the Center (developed) country and a center (client regime) in the Periphery (underdeveloped country) - as an overall framework to analyse the subordination of the region, this book is essential reading for students and scholars of the Middle East, International Relations, and Politics in general.

Author : Mohammad Gholi Majd
Publisher : University Press of America
Page : 209 pages
File Size : 40,7 Mb
Release : 2013-07-19
Category : History
ISBN : 9780761861683

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The Great Famine & Genocide in Iran by Mohammad Gholi Majd Pdf

At least 8–10 million Iranians out of a population of 18–20 million died of starvation and disease during the famine of 1917–1919. The Iranian holocaust was the biggest calamity of World War I and one of the worst genocides of the 20th century, yet it remained concealed for nearly a century. The 2003 edition of this book relied primarily on US diplomatic records and memoirs of British officers who served in Iran in World War I, but in this edition these documents have been supplemented with US military records, British official sources, memoirs, diaries of notable Iranians, and a wide array of Iranian newspaper reports. In addition, the demographic data has been expanded to include newly discovered US State Department documents on Iran’s pre-1914 population. This book also includes a new chapter with a detailed military and political history of Iran in World War I. A work of enduring value, Majd provides a comprehensive account of Iran’s greatest calamity.

Author : Ehsan Shahghasemi
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 41,7 Mb
Release : 2017
Category : Iran
ISBN : 153612785X

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Iranians in the Minds of Americans by Ehsan Shahghasemi Pdf

Iranians in the Minds of Americans is hitherto the most extensive study on perceptions American people have of Iranians. Also, though there are many books that study political relations between Iran and the US, this book tries to take an intercultural approach and reveal what is actually behind politics. This book not only studies perceptions Americans hold for Iranians, but also tries to put these views in the wider historical, political, cultural and social context. Therefore, we can see in this book a very well-documented history of American missionary work and life in Iran's 19th century. The work of these missionaries, particularly in the field of education, changed the history of Iran forever. Also, missionaries provided the scene for the establishment of the first American legation in Iran. Therefore, in this book the historical relationship between these countries is depicted from before a time of formal relationships to present day. Through the introduction of the concept of cross cultural schemata by Shahghasemi and Heisey (2009), the book presents a framework for analysis and then it goes on to present results of a study on 1,752 American citizens across 50 American states. The results show clearly the negative role of American media in creating an unfavourable image of Iranian people. Also, we can see that historical events like Hostage Crisis have left a negative effect on Americans' perception of Iranians. Conversely, American citizens who knew an Iranian citizen in person have shown much more positive perceptions about Iranian people.

Author : A. Christian Van Gorder
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
Page : 358 pages
File Size : 54,5 Mb
Release : 2010
Category : Religion
ISBN : 0739136097

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Christianity in Persia and the Status of Non-muslims in Iran by A. Christian Van Gorder Pdf

Writing on an often overlooked section of contemporary Persian culture, A. Christian van Gorder provides a comprehensive and readable introduction to the experience of Christians and other non-Muslims in Iran throughout history and into the present day. Van Gorder gives a fascinating account of the history of Christianity in Persia. By debunking the common misconceptions and stereotypes driven by recent political events and the media, he shows the current relationship that the Muslim majority in Iran has developed with people of other faiths. Book jacket.

Author : Reeva S. Simon
Publisher : Middle East Institute Columbia University
Page : 336 pages
File Size : 40,8 Mb
Release : 2002
Category : Christianity and culture
ISBN : UOM:39015052665166

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Altruism and Imperialism by Reeva S. Simon Pdf

Author : Jack A. Goldstone
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 1633 pages
File Size : 53,9 Mb
Release : 2015-04-29
Category : Reference
ISBN : 9781135937652

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The Encyclopedia of Political Revolutions by Jack A. Goldstone Pdf

The Encyclopedia of Political Revolutions is an important reference work that describes revolutionary events that have affected and often changed the course of history. Suitable for students and interested lay readers yet authoritative enough for scholars, its 200 articles by leading scholars from around the world provide quick answers to specific questions as well as in-depth treatment of events and trends accompanying revolutions. Includes descriptions of specific revolutions, important revolutionary figures, and major revolutionary themes such as communism and socialism, ideology, and nationalism. Illustrative material consists of photographs, detailed maps, and a timeline of revolutions.

Author : Gerard Colby,Charlotte Dennett
Publisher : Open Road Media
Page : 781 pages
File Size : 52,7 Mb
Release : 2017-11-21
Category : History
ISBN : 9781504048392

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Thy Will Be Done by Gerard Colby,Charlotte Dennett Pdf

A “blistering exposé” of the USA’s secret history of financial, political, and cultural exploitation of Latin America in the 20th century, with a new introduction (Publishers Weekly). What happened when a wealthy industrialist and a visionary evangelist unleashed forces that joined to subjugate an entire continent? Historians Gerard Colby and Charlotte Dennett tell the story of the forty-year campaign led by Standard Oil scion Nelson Rockefeller and Wycliffe Bible Translators founder William Cameron Townsend to establish a US imperial beachhead in Central and South America. Beginning in the 1940s, future Vice President Rockefeller worked with the CIA and allies in the banking industry to prop up repressive governments, devastate the Amazon rain forest, and destabilize local economies—all in the name of anti-Communism. Meanwhile, Townsend and his army of missionaries sought to undermine the belief systems of the region’s indigenous peoples and convert them to Christianity. Their combined efforts would have tragic and long-lasting repercussions, argue the authors of this “well-documented” (Los Angeles Times) book—the product of eighteen years of research—which legendary progressive historian Howard Zinn called “an extraordinary piece of investigative history. Its message is powerful, its data overwhelming and impressive.”