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Author : Peter Buck
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 298 pages
File Size : 54,5 Mb
Release : 1980-05-30
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780521227445
This essay in comparative history focuses on the transmission of scientific ideas and organizations from the United States to China.
Author : Jeffrey W Cody
Publisher : The Chinese University of Hong Kong Press
Page : 256 pages
File Size : 55,8 Mb
Release : 2021-01-15
Category : Architecture
ISBN : 9789882378742
Building in China is about striking an architectural balance between the pull of monumental tradition and the push of technological novelty. Centering on the dynamic period of post-imperial and pre-Communist China, the book focuses on the building and city planning initiatives of Henry Murphy, a little-known American architect who initially ventured to China in 1914 to design a campus for the Yale-in-China programme, but who then found himself captivated by a professional and cultural challenge that lasted two decades: how to preserve China's rich architectural traditions while also designing new buildings using up-to-date Western technologies. Murphy's buildings were compromises — " wine in old bottles" as he once called them — and the book uses those "tles" as lenses through which to understand not only Murphy's quest to find a middle ground for his architecture in China, but also to gaze at a tumultuous society facing an uncertain future. Murphy's buildings were more than vessels for either aesthetic visions or technical expertise; inadvertently they became political emblems, as Chinese rulers such as Chiang Kai-shek and Sun Yat-sen's son called on Murphy for city planning advice to complement their hopes for urban reconstruction. There are few serious studies of Western architects in the twentieth century who practiced in non-Western contexts, and those scant studies that have been published concentrate largely on British, French or Dutch examples in colonial settings. Hence, the book makes significant contributions to the fields of both American and Chinese architectural history.
Author : David Shambaugh
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 276 pages
File Size : 48,9 Mb
Release : 2000-05-08
Category : History
ISBN : 0521776031
Publisher Description
Author : Yi Kai Ho
Publisher : World Scientific
Page : 364 pages
File Size : 54,6 Mb
Release : 2015-05-07
Category : History
ISBN : 9789814651127
Distinguished historian Benjamin A Elman's collective volume on the history of science in imperial China, brings together over 30 years of historical literature on the subject. With updates to the literature and new material including transcripts of podcasts and translated interview articles, Science in China takes the reader on a journey starting in the early 17th century with the missionary efforts of the Jesuits in China, and ending with the Protestant missions in the 19th century. These two milestone encounters brought Western sciences to local Chinese scholars with great success in shaping modern Chinese science. Elman studies the interaction between Western and Chinese sciences through philological research and evidence, and treats the two encounters not as separate events but as a continuum of creative exchange of scientific knowledge and discourse. Contents:Introduction — From Value to Fact: The Emergence of Phonology as a Precise Discipline in Late Imperial China Native Traditions of Natural Studies during the Ming–Qing Transition, 1600–1800Some Comparative Issues — Ming–Qing Border Defense and Jesuit Learning in Late Imperial ChinaThe Jesuit Role as "Technical Experts" in "High Qing" Western Learning and Evidential Research in the 18th Century The China Prize Essay Contest and the Late Qing Promotion of Modern ScienceThe Great Reversal: The "Rise of Japan" and the "Fall of China" after 1895Rethinking the 20th-Century Denigration of Traditional Chinese Science and Medicine in the 21st Century Readership: Undergraduates and researchers in history of science, Chinese history, history of Chinese science, philology, and history of East Asia and East Asian science. Key Features:Comprehensive volume on all writings of renown East Asian historian Benjamin A Elman on the history of science in imperial ChinaNew material and previously published works updated with contemporary research findingsKeywords:History of Science;Chinese History;Science in China;1600–1900;History;China
Author : Erik J. Hammerstrom
Publisher : Columbia University Press
Page : 372 pages
File Size : 43,5 Mb
Release : 2015-08-11
Category : Religion
ISBN : 9780231539586
Kexue, or science, captured the Chinese imagination in the early twentieth century, promising new knowledge about the world and a dynamic path to prosperity. Chinese Buddhists embraced scientific language and ideas to carve out a place for their religion within a rapidly modernizing society. Examining dozens of previously unstudied writings from the Chinese Buddhist press, this book maps Buddhists' efforts to rethink their traditions through science in the initial decades of the twentieth century. Buddhists believed science offered an exciting, alternative route to knowledge grounded in empirical thought, much like their own. They encouraged young scholars to study subatomic and relativistic physics while still maintaining Buddhism's vital illumination of human nature and its crucial support of an ethical system rooted in radical egalitarianism. Showcasing the rich and progressive steps Chinese religious scholars took in adapting to science's rising authority, this volume offers a key perspective on how a major Eastern power transitioned to modernity in the twentieth century and how its intellectuals anticipated many of the ideas debated by scholars of science and Buddhism today.
Author : Jan Kiely,J. Brooks Jessup
Publisher : Columbia University Press
Page : 452 pages
File Size : 43,9 Mb
Release : 2016-03-29
Category : History
ISBN : 9780231541107
Modern Chinese history told from a Buddhist perspective restores the vibrant, creative role of religion in postimperial China. It shows how urban Buddhist elites jockeyed for cultural dominance in the early Republican era, how Buddhist intellectuals reckoned with science, and how Buddhist media contributed to modern print cultures. It recognizes the political importance of sacred Buddhist relics and the complex processes through which Buddhists both participated in and experienced religious suppression under Communist rule. Today, urban and rural communities alike engage with Buddhist practices to renegotiate class, gender, and kinship relations in post-Mao China. This volume vividly portrays these events and more, recasting Buddhism as a critical factor in China's twentieth-century development. Each chapter connects a moment in Buddhist history to a significant theme in Chinese history, creating new narratives of Buddhism's involvement in the emergence of urban modernity, the practice of international diplomacy, the mobilization for total war, and other transformations of state, society, and culture. Working across an extraordinary thematic range, this book reincorporates Buddhism into the formative processes and distinctive character of Chinese history.
Author : Cong Cao
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 319 pages
File Size : 43,8 Mb
Release : 2004-07-31
Category : History
ISBN : 9781134337293
China's Scientific Elite is a study of those scientists holding China's highest academic honour - membership of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. Having carried out extensive systematic data collection of CAS members Cao examines the social stratification system of the Chinese science community and the way in which politics and political interference has effected the stratification. The book then goes on to compare the Chinese system to the stratification of the US scientific elite. The conclusions are fascinating, not least because one national elite resides in a democratic liberal social system, and the other in an authoritarian social system.
Author : Emily Baum
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
Page : 281 pages
File Size : 49,5 Mb
Release : 2018-11-02
Category : History
ISBN : 9780226558240
Throughout most of history, in China the insane were kept within the home and treated by healers who claimed no specialized knowledge of their condition. In the first decade of the twentieth century, however, psychiatric ideas and institutions began to influence longstanding beliefs about the proper treatment for the mentally ill. In The Invention of Madness, Emily Baum traces a genealogy of insanity from the turn of the century to the onset of war with Japan in 1937, revealing the complex and convoluted ways in which “madness” was transformed in the Chinese imagination into “mental illness.” Focusing on typically marginalized historical actors, including municipal functionaries and the urban poor, The Invention of Madness shifts our attention from the elite desire for modern medical care to the ways in which psychiatric discourses were implemented and redeployed in the midst of everyday life. New meanings and practices of madness, Baum argues, were not just imposed on the Beijing public but continuously invented by a range of people in ways that reflected their own needs and interests. Exhaustively researched and theoretically informed, The Invention of Madness is an innovative contribution to medical history, urban studies, and the social history of twentieth-century China.
Author : Eckhardt Fuchs,Benedikt Stuchtey
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
Page : 374 pages
File Size : 41,5 Mb
Release : 2002
Category : History
ISBN : 0742517683
This innovative work offers the first comprehensive transcultural history of historiography. The contributors transcend a Eurocentric approach not only in terms of the individual historiographies they assess, but also in the methodologies they use for comparative analysis. Moving beyond the traditional national focus of historiography, the book offers a genuinely comparative consideration of the commonalities and differences in writing history. Distinguishing among distinct cultural identities, the contributors consider the ways and means of intellectual transfers and assess the strength of local historiographical traditions as they are challenged from outside. The essays explore the question of the utility and the limits of conceptions of modernism that apply Western theories of development to non-Western cultures. Warning against the dominant tendency in recent historiographies of non-Western societies to define these predominantly in relation to Western thought, the authors show the extent to which indigenous traditions have been overlooked. The key question is how the triad of industrialization, modernization, and the historicization process, which was decisive in the development of modern academic historiography, also is valid beyond Europe. Illustrating just how deeply suffused history writing is with European models, the book offers a broad theoretical platform for exploring the value and necessity of a world historiography beyond Eurocentrism.
Author : Grace Yen Shen
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
Page : 316 pages
File Size : 49,6 Mb
Release : 2014-02-13
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780226090542
Questions of national identity have long dominated China’s political, social, and cultural horizons. So in the early 1900s, when diverse groups in China began to covet foreign science in the name of new technology and modernization, questions of nationhood came to the fore. In Unearthing the Nation, Grace Yen Shen uses the development of modern geology to explore this complex relationship between science and nationalism in Republican China. Shen shows that Chinese geologists—in battling growing Western and Japanese encroachment of Chinese sovereignty—faced two ongoing challenges: how to develop objective, internationally recognized scientific authority without effacing native identity, and how to serve China when China was still searching for a stable national form. Shen argues that Chinese geologists overcame these obstacles by experimenting with different ways to associate the subjects of their scientific study, the land and its features, with the object of their political and cultural loyalties. This, in turn, led them to link national survival with the establishment of scientific authority in Chinese society. The first major history of modern Chinese geology, Unearthing the Nation introduces the key figures in the rise of the field, as well as several key organizations, such as the Geological Society of China, and explains how they helped bring Chinese geology onto the world stage.
Author : Gail Hershatter
Publisher : Stanford University Press
Page : 364 pages
File Size : 41,7 Mb
Release : 1996
Category : History
ISBN : 0804725098
These stimulating essays address such topics as histories of public health, emotional life, law, and sexuality, notions of borders and frontiers, the relationship between native place identities and nationalism, the May Fourth Movement, and the periodization of the Chinese revolution.
Author : Angela Ki Che Leung,Melissa L. Caldwell
Publisher : University of Hawaii Press
Page : 361 pages
File Size : 51,7 Mb
Release : 2020-02-29
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9780824887629
Moral Foods: The Construction of Nutrition and Health in Modern Asia investigates how foods came to be established as moral entities, how moral food regimes reveal emerging systems of knowledge and enforcement, and how these developments have contributed to new Asian nutritional knowledge regimes. The collection’s focus on cross-cultural and transhistorical comparisons across Asia brings into view a broad spectrum of modern Asia that extends from East Asia, Southeast Asia, to South Asia, as well as into global communities of Western knowledge, practice, and power outside Asia. The first section, “Good Foods,” focuses on how food norms and rules have been established in modern Asia. Ideas about good foods and good bodies shift at different moments, in some cases privileging local foods and knowledge systems, and in other cases privileging foreign foods and knowledge systems. The second section, “Bad Foods,” focuses on what makes foods bad and even dangerous. Bad foods are not simply unpleasant or undesirable for aesthetic or sensory reasons, but they can hinder the stability and development of persons and societies. Bad foods are symbolically polluting, as in the case of foreign foods that threaten not only traditional foods, but also the stability and strength of the nation and its people. The third section, “Moral Foods,” focuses on how themes of good versus bad are embedded in projects to make modern persons, subjects, and states, with specific attention to the ambiguities and malleability of foods and health. The malleability of moral foods provides unique opportunities for understanding Asian societies’ dynamic position within larger global flows, connections, and disconnections. Collectively, the chapters raise intriguing questions about how foods and the bodies that consume them have been valued politically, economically, culturally, and morally, and about how those values originated and evolved. Consumers in modern Asia are not simply eating to satisfy personal desires or physiological needs, but they are also conscripted into national and global statemaking projects through acts of ingestion. Eating, then, has become about fortifying both the person and the nation.
Author : Kai-wing Chow
Publisher : Lexington Books
Page : 356 pages
File Size : 50,6 Mb
Release : 2008
Category : History
ISBN : 0739111221
Beyond the May Fourth Paradigm explores various dimensions of modern Chinese culture, ranging from literature, thought, and music to scientific research, business, and everyday life. By heeding how the May Fourth and non-May Fourth groups depended on each other and joined forces in creating Chinese modernity, this anthology points to the significant directions that Chinese historical actors chose as they competed but also collaborated in modernizing themselves, their culture, and the nation.
Author : Thorben Pelzer
Publisher : BRILL
Page : 293 pages
File Size : 50,6 Mb
Release : 2023-07-31
Category : History
ISBN : 9789004549555
In the early twentieth century, the first large batch of Chinese civil engineers had graduated from the USA, and together with their American senior colleagues returned to China. They were enthusiastic about reconstructing the young republic by building new railways, highways, and canals, but what the engineers experienced in China, including mismanaged railways, useless highways, and silted canals, did not always meet their expectations and ideals. In this book, Thorben Pelzer makes the stories of these Chinese and American engineers come to life through exploring previously unpublished letters, rare images, maps, and a rich biographical dataset. He argues that the experiences of these engineers include a myriad of contradictions, disillusionment, and discontent, keeping the engineering profession in a constant flux of searching for its meaning and its place in Republican China.
Author : Yung-chen Chiang
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 332 pages
File Size : 47,7 Mb
Release : 2001-01-22
Category : History
ISBN : 0521770149
In this 2001 book, Chiang narrates the origins, visions and achievements of the social sciences in China.