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Author : Don Fuqua
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 218 pages
File Size : 44,5 Mb
Release : 1986
Category : Federal aid to research
ISBN : PSU:000011993315
Author : Julia I. Lane,Kaye Husbands Fealing,John H. Marburger, III,Stephanie S. Shipp
Publisher : Stanford University Press
Page : 400 pages
File Size : 47,5 Mb
Release : 2011-03-18
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780804781602
Basic scientific research and technological development have had an enormous impact on innovation, economic growth, and social well-being. Yet science policy debates have long been dominated by advocates for particular scientific fields or missions. In the absence of a deeper understanding of the changing framework in which innovation occurs, policymakers cannot predict how best to make and manage investments to exploit our most promising and important opportunities. Since 2005, a science of science policy has developed rapidly in response to policymakers' increased demands for better tools and the social sciences' capacity to provide them. The Science of Science Policy: A Handbook brings together some of the best and brightest minds working in science policy to explore the foundations of an evidence-based platform for the field. The contributions in this book provide an overview of the current state of the science of science policy from three angles: theoretical, empirical, and policy in practice. They offer perspectives from the broader social science, behavioral science, and policy communities on the fascinating challenges and prospects in this evolving arena. Drawing on domestic and international experiences, the text delivers insights about the critical questions that create a demand for a science of science policy.
Author : Jon D. Miller
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 166 pages
File Size : 41,9 Mb
Release : 2013-10-22
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781483158693
The American People and Science Policy: The Role of Public Attitudes in the Policy Process examines and evaluates the structure and efficacy of public participation in the formulation of science policy in the United States. Organized into 10 chapters, this book first reviews major science policy issues in the 20th century. This text then introduces a stratified model of public policy formulation that appears to fit science policy. The public participation in science policy is also explained. Other chapters explore the science policy agenda; attitudes of both policy leaders and the attentive public on resource and independence issues; and the future of public participation in science policy. Lastly, the formulation of science policy in a democratic society is addressed. This book will be useful for professional students engaged in this field of interest.
Author : Alexander J. Morin
Publisher : Prentice Hall
Page : 195 pages
File Size : 41,8 Mb
Release : 1993
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 0137952465
A comprehensive analysis of U.S. science policy and the political, economic, and social forces that shape it, this text focuses on federal support for scientific research and how it allocation is determined. It describes the roles of the principal actors in this process, including the federal agencies, the President and Congress, the research universities, industry, the scientists themselves, and the public. For all those interested in the major issues of science policy.
Author : Heather Douglas
Publisher : University of Pittsburgh Pre
Page : 227 pages
File Size : 42,8 Mb
Release : 2009-07-15
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780822973577
The role of science in policymaking has gained unprecedented stature in the United States, raising questions about the place of science and scientific expertise in the democratic process. Some scientists have been given considerable epistemic authority in shaping policy on issues of great moral and cultural significance, and the politicizing of these issues has become highly contentious. Since World War II, most philosophers of science have purported the concept that science should be “value-free.” In Science, Policy and the Value-Free Ideal, Heather E. Douglas argues that such an ideal is neither adequate nor desirable for science. She contends that the moral responsibilities of scientists require the consideration of values even at the heart of science. She lobbies for a new ideal in which values serve an essential function throughout scientific inquiry, but where the role values play is constrained at key points, thus protecting the integrity and objectivity of science. In this vein, Douglas outlines a system for the application of values to guide scientists through points of uncertainty fraught with moral valence. Following a philosophical analysis of the historical background of science advising and the value-free ideal, Douglas defines how values should-and should not-function in science. She discusses the distinctive direct and indirect roles for values in reasoning, and outlines seven senses of objectivity, showing how each can be employed to determine the reliability of scientific claims. Douglas then uses these philosophical insights to clarify the distinction between junk science and sound science to be used in policymaking. In conclusion, she calls for greater openness on the values utilized in policymaking, and more public participation in the policymaking process, by suggesting various models for effective use of both the public and experts in key risk assessments.
Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 568 pages
File Size : 46,6 Mb
Release : 1980
Category : Science and state
ISBN : MINN:31951P00475270R
Author : G. Pascal Zachary
Publisher : Simon and Schuster
Page : 528 pages
File Size : 43,7 Mb
Release : 2018-01-30
Category : Biography & Autobiography
ISBN : 9781501196461
A prodigiously researched biography of Vannevar Bush, one of America’s most awe-inspiring polymaths and the secret force behind the biggest technological breakthroughs of the twentieth century. As the inventor and public entrepreneur who launched the Manhattan Project, helped to create the military-industrial complex, conceived a permanent system of government support for science and engineering, and anticipated both the personal computer and the Internet, Vannevar Bush is the twentieth century’s Ben Franklin. In this engaging look at one of America’s most awe-inspiring polymaths, writer G. Pascal Zachary brings to life an American original—a man of his time, ours, and beyond. Zachary details how Bush cofounded Raytheon and helped build one of the most powerful early computers in the world at MIT. During World War II, he served as Roosevelt’s adviser and chief contact on all matters of military technology, including the atomic bomb. He launched the Manhattan Project and oversaw a collection of 6,000 civilian scientists who designed scores of new weapons. After the war, his attention turned to the future. He wrote essays that anticipated the rise of the Internet and boldly equated national security with research strength, outlining a system of permanent federal funding for university research that endures to this day. However, Bush’s hopeful vision of science and technology was leavened by an understanding of the darker possibilities. While cheering after witnessing the Trinity atomic test, he warned against the perils of a nuclear arms race. He led a secret appeal to convince President Truman not to test the Hydrogen Bomb and campaigned against the Red Scare. Elegantly and expertly relayed by Zachary, Vannevar’s story is a grand tour of the digital leviathan we know as the modern American life.
Author : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Science and Technology. Subcommittee on Science, Research, and Technology
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 324 pages
File Size : 55,6 Mb
Release : 1980
Category : Federal aid to research
ISBN : UOM:39015081270509
Author : Nat Clinton Robertson
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 216 pages
File Size : 53,8 Mb
Release : 1980
Category : Diffusion of innovations
ISBN : UIUC:30112106854083
Author : Nat Clinton Robertson,Paul Cocks
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 216 pages
File Size : 48,7 Mb
Release : 1980
Category : Research
ISBN : UOM:39015008905708
Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 128 pages
File Size : 48,5 Mb
Release : 1986
Category : Science and state
ISBN : UCR:31210008986471
Author : Bruce L. R. Smith
Publisher : Brookings Institution Press
Page : 242 pages
File Size : 47,9 Mb
Release : 1990
Category : Political Science
ISBN : MINN:31951D00091528Q
In American Science Policy Since World War II, author Bruce L.R. Smith makes sense of the break between science and government and identifies the patterns of postwar science affairs.
Author : Brent S. Steel
Publisher : CQ Press
Page : 633 pages
File Size : 54,6 Mb
Release : 2014-04-21
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781483346311
Recent partisan squabbles over science in the news are indicative of a larger tendency for scientific research and practice to get entangled in major ideological divisions in the public arena. This politicization of science is deepened by the key role government funding plays in scientific research and development, the market leading position of U.S.-based science and technology firms, and controversial U.S. exports (such as genetically modified foods or hormone-injected livestock). This groundbreaking, one-volume, A-to-Z reference features 120-150 entries that explore the nexus of politics and science, both in the United States and in U.S. interactions with other nations. The essays, each by experts in their fields, examine: Health, environmental, and social/cultural issues relating to science and politics Concerns relating to government regulation and its impact on the practice of science Key historical and contemporary events that have shaped our contemporary view of how science and politics intersect Science and Politics: An A to Z Guide to Issues and Controversies is a must-have resource for researchers and students who seek to deepen their understanding of the connection between science and politics.
Author : Bruce Smith
Publisher : Brookings Institution Press
Page : 241 pages
File Size : 44,8 Mb
Release : 2011-02-01
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780815705475
Just after the close of World War II, America's political and scientific leaders reached an informal consensus on how science could best serve the nation and how government might best support science. The consensus lasted a generation before it broke under the pressures created by the Vietnam War. Since then the nation has struggled to reestablish shared beliefs about the means and goals of science policy. In American Science Policy Since World War II, author Bruce L. R. Smith makes sense of the break between science and government and identifies the patterns on postwar science affairs. He explains that what might otherwise seem to be a miscellaneous set of separate episodes actually constituted a continuing debate of national importance that was closely linked to broad political and economic trends. Smith's precise and unique analysis gives both the scholar and historian a better understanding of where we are and how we got there while casting a modest light on future policy directions.
Author : Don Fuqua
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 218 pages
File Size : 53,7 Mb
Release : 1986
Category : Federal aid to research
ISBN : UCR:31210019205606