An Evolving Paradigm Of Agricultural Mechanization Development How Much Can Africa Learn From Asia

Author : Diao, Xinshen, ed.,Takeshima, Hiroyuki. ed.,Zhang, Xiaobo, ed.
Publisher : Intl Food Policy Res Inst
Page : 4 pages
File Size : 41,5 Mb
Release : 2020-12-07
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780896293823

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An evolving paradigm of agricultural mechanization development: How much can Africa learn from Asia? Synopsis by Diao, Xinshen, ed.,Takeshima, Hiroyuki. ed.,Zhang, Xiaobo, ed. Pdf

Agricultural mechanization in Africa south of the Sahara — especially for small farms and businesses — requires a new paradigm to meet the needs of the continent’s evolving farming systems. Can Asia, with its recent success in adopting mechanization, offer a model for Africa? An Evolving Paradigm of Agricultural Mechanization Development analyzes the experiences of eight Asian and five African countries. The authors explore crucial government roles in boosting and supporting mechanization, from import policies to promotion policies to public good policies. Potential approaches presented to facilitating mechanization in Africa include prioritizing market-led hiring services, eliminating distortions, and developing appropriate technologies for the African context. The role of agricultural mechanization within overall agricultural and rural transformation strategies in Africa is also discussed. The book’s recommendations and insights should be useful to national policymakers and the development community, who can adapt this knowledge to local contexts and use it as a foundation for further research.

Author : Diao, Xinshen, ed.,Takeshima, Hiroyuki. ed.,Zhang, Xiaobo, ed.
Publisher : Intl Food Policy Res Inst
Page : 548 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 2020-12-07
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780896293809

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An evolving paradigm of agricultural mechanization development: How much can Africa learn from Asia? by Diao, Xinshen, ed.,Takeshima, Hiroyuki. ed.,Zhang, Xiaobo, ed. Pdf

Agricultural mechanization in Africa south of the Sahara — especially for small farms and businesses — requires a new paradigm to meet the needs of the continent’s evolving farming systems. Can Asia, with its recent success in adopting mechanization, offer a model for Africa? An Evolving Paradigm of Agricultural Mechanization Development analyzes the experiences of eight Asian and five African countries. The authors explore crucial government roles in boosting and supporting mechanization, from import policies to promotion policies to public good policies. Potential approaches presented to facilitating mechanization in Africa include prioritizing market-led hiring services, eliminating distortions, and developing appropriate technologies for the African context. The role of agricultural mechanization within overall agricultural and rural transformation strategies in Africa is also discussed. The book’s recommendations and insights should be useful to national policymakers and the development community, who can adapt this knowledge to local contexts and use it as a foundation for further research.

Author : Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations,African Union
Publisher : Food & Agriculture Org.
Page : 150 pages
File Size : 54,6 Mb
Release : 2019-03-13
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9789251308714

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Sustainable Agricultural Mechanization: A Framework for Africa by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations,African Union Pdf

This framework presents ten interrelated principles/elements to guide Sustainable Agricultural Mechanization in Africa (SAMA). Further, it presents the technical issues to be considered under SAMA and the options to be analysed at the country and sub regional levels. The ten key elements required in a framework for SAMA are as follows: The analysis in the framework calls for a specific approach, involving learning from other parts of the world where significant transformation of the agricultural mechanization sector has already occurred within a three-to-four decade time frame, and developing policies and programmes to realize Africa’s aspirations of Zero Hunger by 2025. This approach entails the identification and prioritization of relevant and interrelated elements to help countries develop strategies and practical development plans that create synergies in line with their agricultural transformation plans. Given the unique characteristics of each country and the diverse needs of Africa due to the ecological heterogeneity and the wide range of farm sizes, the framework avoids being prescriptive.

Author : Diao, Xinshen,Agandin, John,Fang, Peixun,Justice, Scott E.,Kufoalor, Doreen S.,Takeshima, Hiroyuki
Publisher : Intl Food Policy Res Inst
Page : 42 pages
File Size : 42,9 Mb
Release : 2024-06-18
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 8210379456XXX

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Agricultural mechanization in Ghana: Insights from a recent field study by Diao, Xinshen,Agandin, John,Fang, Peixun,Justice, Scott E.,Kufoalor, Doreen S.,Takeshima, Hiroyuki Pdf

Ghana is one of a few African countries where agricultural mechanization has recently undergone rapid development. Except for places in the forest zone where stumps are still an issue in fields, tractors used for plowing and maize shelling have been widely adopted even among small farmers. Medium- and large-scale farmers who own tractors provide the majority of mechanization services. Recognizing this fundamental fact is important for designing any effective mechanization policy, which should aim at the entire service market instead of targeting a selected group of service providers as beneficiaries. Tractor owners and operators are often discouraged from traveling long distances to plow only a few acres for individual small farmers, which becomes a considerable barrier for smallholders to access tractor services on time. This requires the government consider mechanisms to improve coordination among small farmers and to encourage Farmer Based Organizations (FBOs) to facilitate such coordination. The use of harrowing or second-plowing has been shown as a productivity-enhancing farming practice but it is currently under-demanded by farmers. A pilot program to address the coordination failures and to nudge small farmers to adopt harrowing services together can be considered.

Author : Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
Publisher : Food & Agriculture Org.
Page : 182 pages
File Size : 52,7 Mb
Release : 2022-11-01
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9789251360439

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The State of Food and Agriculture 2022 by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Pdf

Automation has been shaping world agriculture since the early twentieth century. Motorized mechanization has brought significant benefits in terms of improved productivity, reduced drudgery and more efficient allocation of labour, but also some negative environmental impacts. More recently, a new generation of digital agricultural automation technologies has appeared, with the potential to further enhance productivity, as well as resilience, while also addressing the environmental sustainability challenges driven by past mechanization. The State of Food and Agriculture 2022 looks into the drivers of agricultural automation, including the more recent digital technologies. Based on 27 case studies, the report analyses the business case for adoption of digital automation technologies in different agricultural production systems across the world. It identifies several barriers preventing inclusive adoption of these technologies, particularly by small-scale producers. Key barriers are low digital literacy and lack of an enabling infrastructure, such as connectivity and access to electricity, in addition to financial constraints. Based on the analysis, the publication suggests policies to ensure that disadvantaged groups in developing regions can benefit from agricultural automation and that automation contributes to sustainable and resilient agrifood systems.

Author : Takeshima, Hiroyuki,Diao, Xinshen
Publisher : Intl Food Policy Res Inst
Page : 37 pages
File Size : 47,7 Mb
Release : 2021-12-07
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 8210379456XXX

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Agricultural mechanization and gendered labor activities across sectors: Micro-evidence from multi-country farm household data by Takeshima, Hiroyuki,Diao, Xinshen Pdf

Gender differences in the engagement of work activities across sectors are important elements of gender inequality in rural livelihoods and welfare in developing countries. The role of production technologies, including agricultural mechanization, in addressing gender inequality, is increasingly explored. Knowledge gaps remain, however, including, how agricultural mechanization differentially affect labor engagements across sectors. This study aims to partly fill these knowledge gaps through micro-evidence from 8 countries (Ethiopia, Ghana, Nigeria, Tanzania, India, Nepal, Tajikistan and Vietnam), using several nationally representative panel data and supplementary data, and applying Correlated-Random-Effects Double-Hurdle models with Instrumental-Variables. We find that the use of tractors and/or combine harvesters by the household induces greater shift from farm activities to non-farm activities by female members than by male members. While statistical significance varies, these patterns generally hold consistently across all 8 countries studied. These patterns also seem to hold across different farm sizes. While these are short-term relations, agricultural mechanization proxied by tractor and/or combine harvesters is one of the important contributors to gendered rural livelihood. Future studies should more closely investigate underlying mechanisms and implications of these patterns.

Author : Takeshima, Hiroyuki,Masias, Ian,Win, Myat Thida,Zone, Phoo Pye
Publisher : Intl Food Policy Res Inst
Page : 36 pages
File Size : 54,6 Mb
Release : 2021-05-17
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 8210379456XXX

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Effects of COVID-19 restrictions on mechanization service providers and mechanization Equipment retailers: Insights from phone surveys in Myanmar by Takeshima, Hiroyuki,Masias, Ian,Win, Myat Thida,Zone, Phoo Pye Pdf

COVID-19 continues to plague global food security not only directly through health effects but also indirectly through responses that restrict key economic functions of the agri-food sector. De-spite the growing literature on the effects of COVID-19 on the agri-food sector, evidence on cer-tain players like mechanization service providers (MSP) and mechanization equipment retailers (MER) remain scarce. This study provides insights into the effects of COVID-19 restrictions on MSP and MER in Myanmar, where the majority of MSP and MER are relatively new and poten-tially vulnerable to these economic shocks, using an unbalanced panel data from five rounds of phone surveys. We find that direct responses to COVID-19 involving movement restrictions, as well as disruptions in the market that led to increased cost and reduced availability of machinery and equipment, and growing financial challenges, had significantly negative effects on revenue prospects, service delivery, sales of machines and equipment by MSE and MER. Our analyses based on rare multi-round surveys during a single production season also reveal important dy-namics in MSP’s decision-making; negative revenue prospects at particular period can further hurt revenue prospects in subsequent periods, which is consistent with the hypotheses that agents like MSP who had incurred significant sunk-cost in machines can engage in more desperate and thus potentially suboptimal business practice to recover the sunk-cost. This may result in a vi-cious cycle of declining revenues in the future in the face of shocks like COVID-19. Overall, evi-dence suggests that, policies to minimize movement restrictions, various financial support, and mitigate any pessimism at the beginning of production season are all important to make sure MSP and MER continue to function effectively during the COVID-19 pandemic that persists in 2021.

Author : Xinshen Diao,Peter Hazell,Shashidhara Kolavalli,Danielle Resnick
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 310 pages
File Size : 51,5 Mb
Release : 2019
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780198845348

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Ghana's Economic and Agricultural Transformation by Xinshen Diao,Peter Hazell,Shashidhara Kolavalli,Danielle Resnick Pdf

Using Ghana as a case study, this work integrates economic and political analysis to explore the challenges and opportunities of Africa's growth and transformation.

Author : Breisinger, Clemens,Keenan, Michael,Mbuthia, Juneweenex,Njuki, Jemimah
Publisher : Intl Food Policy Res Inst
Page : 536 pages
File Size : 41,8 Mb
Release : 2024-02-12
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 8210379456XXX

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Food systems transformation in Kenya: Lessons from the past and policy options for the future Loading... Files Full Book (7.78 MB, pdf) Chapters List (73 KB, pdf) Authors Breisinger, Clemens Keenan, Michael Mbuthia, Juneweenex Njuki, Jemimah Date Issued 2023-12-20 Language en Type Book Review Status Peer Review Access Rights Open Access Open Access Usage Rights CC-BY-4.0 Metadata Sha by Breisinger, Clemens,Keenan, Michael,Mbuthia, Juneweenex,Njuki, Jemimah Pdf

The new Kenyan government faces a complex domestic and global environment, and it is widely expected to address key food and agricultural challenges with a new set of policies and programs. This policy brief presents key recommendations from a forthcoming book, Food Systems Transformation in Kenya: Lessons from the Past and Policy Options for the Future, which provides research-based “food for thought and action” to support the Kenyan government’s efforts to improve food security.

Author : Calestous Juma
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
Page : 355 pages
File Size : 52,9 Mb
Release : 2015
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780190237233

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The New Harvest by Calestous Juma Pdf

African agriculture is currently at a crossroads, at which persistent food shortages are compounded by threats from climate change. But, as this book argues, Africa can feed itself in a generation and can help contribute to global food security. To achieve this Africa has to define agriculture as a force in economic growth by advancing scientific and technological research, investing in infrastructure, fostering higher technical training, and creating regional markets.

Author : Pyburn, Rhiannon, ed.,van Eerdewijk, Anouka, ed.
Publisher : Intl Food Policy Res Inst
Page : 430 pages
File Size : 47,8 Mb
Release : 2021-11-02
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780896293915

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Advancing gender equality through agricultural and environmental research: Past, present, and future by Pyburn, Rhiannon, ed.,van Eerdewijk, Anouka, ed. Pdf

Over the past decade, interest in gender equality and women’s empowerment has grown rapidly, creating a unique opportunity to institutionalize gender research within agricultural research for development. This book, edited by researchers from the CGIAR Gender Platform, reviews and reflects on the growing body of evidence from gender research. It marks a shift a way from a traditional focus on how gender analysis can contribute to improved productivity, flipping the question to ask, How does agricultural and environmental research and development contribute to gender equality and women’s empowerment? Chapters synthesize the wide range of CGIAR and other research in this area, covering breeding research and seed systems, value chain participation, nutrition-sensitive agriculture, natural resources, climate adaptation and mitigation, the “feminization” of agriculture, women’s role in agricultural research, and emerging gender transformative approaches.

Author : Xinshen Diao
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 42,8 Mb
Release : 2022
Category : Electronic
ISBN : OCLC:1373351525

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Agricultural Mechanization in Africa: Insights from Ghana's Experience by Xinshen Diao Pdf

Author : Takeshima, Hiroyuki,Benimana, Gilberthe,Spielman, David J.,Warner, James
Publisher : Intl Food Policy Res Inst
Page : 24 pages
File Size : 52,6 Mb
Release : 2024-05-13
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 8210379456XXX

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Agricultural mechanization policy options in Rwanda by Takeshima, Hiroyuki,Benimana, Gilberthe,Spielman, David J.,Warner, James Pdf

This paper summarizes general demand- and supply-side issues for agricultural mechanization based on recent studies that focus on experiences and evidence from both Africa and Asia. The paper pro vides typologies of agricultural mechanization in Rwanda along with policy options within the context of its current mechanization support strategies. Provincial variations in agroecology and cropping systems, irrigated/rainfed systems, farm size, and labor use intensity, among other factors, characterize the key types of mechanization use in Rwanda. Support for mechanization in Rwanda can be broadly tailored to (a) irrigated medium-scale farmers in the Eastern province and Kigali; (b) rainfed medium-scale farmers in the Eastern and Southern provinces; (c) rainfed, small-scale highland farmers in the Northern province; and (d) irrigated small-scale farmers in the Western province. Recent experiences in other countries with rugged terrain and smallholder farming systems similar to Rwanda suggest that significant growth in the use of tractors is possible in the medium term among smallholders cultivating rainfed maize and legumes, in addition to irrigated rice. However, farm wages may still be too low in Rwanda and tractor-hiring fees may still be too high to induce a shift to mechanization in the short term. Therefore, it may be advisable for policy support for mechanization to focus on improving the understanding of mechanization needs among each type of farmers identified, knowledge of suitable machines, and required skills for their operations and maintenance. Such efforts should also balance the need to develop competitive markets and supply networks for promising machines, parts, and repair services at a viable and integrated market scale.

Author : Takeshima, H., Vos, R.
Publisher : Food & Agriculture Org.
Page : 56 pages
File Size : 43,8 Mb
Release : 2022-03-01
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9789251357323

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Agricultural mechanization and child labour in developing countries by Takeshima, H., Vos, R. Pdf

The FAO-IFPRI study, focuses on the use of tractors because they are among the most versatile farm mechanization tools and are universal power sources for all other driven implements and equipment in agriculture, with significant potential to replace animal draught power and human power, including children’s muscle power. Tractor use is typically also the first type of machine-powered equipment in use at lower levels of agricultural development, the context where most child labour is found. Mechanization is mostly assumed to reduce child labour, as it is expected to be labour saving in general. Yet, this is not always the case, as it has also been observed that the use of tractors and other machinery could increase children’s engagement in farm activities. This may be the case if, for instance, their use allows farms to cultivate larger areas, or if it leads to shifting chores of work from hired labor to family workers, e.g. for weeding edges of farmland not reachable by machinery. Evidence has been scant thus far, but the few available studies have mostly lent greater support to the hypothesis that mechanization reduces children’s productive engagement. Most available studies have focused on specific cases and based on scant data. The new FAO-IFPRI study provides a rigorous quantitative assessment for seven developing countries in Asia (India, Nepal and Viet Nam) and sub-Saharan Africa (Ethiopia, Ghana, Nigeria and Tanzania) based on comparable farm household survey data.

Author : Agnes Andersson Djurfeldt,Fred Mawunyo Dzanku,Aida Cuthbert Isinika
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 286 pages
File Size : 51,9 Mb
Release : 2018
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780198799283

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Agriculture, Diversification, and Gender in Rural Africa by Agnes Andersson Djurfeldt,Fred Mawunyo Dzanku,Aida Cuthbert Isinika Pdf

This book contributes to the understanding of smallholder agriculture in sub-Saharan Africa through addressing the dynamics of intensification and diversification within and outside agriculture in contexts where women have much poorer access to agrarian resources than men.