An Introduction To Liquid Crystals

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An Introduction to Liquid Crystals

Gregory A DiLisi
An Introduction to Liquid Crystals Book PDF

Author : Gregory A DiLisi
Publisher : Morgan & Claypool Publishers
Page : 81 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 2019-09-24
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781643276847

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An Introduction to Liquid Crystals by Gregory A DiLisi Pdf

Practically every display technology in use today relies on the flat, energy-efficient construction made possible by liquid crystals. These displays provide visually-crisp, vibrantly-colored images that a short time ago were thought only possible in science fiction. Liquid crystals are known mainly for their use in display technologies, but they also provide many diverse and useful applications: adaptive optics, electro-optical devices, films, lasers, photovoltaics, privacy windows, skin cleansers and soaps, and thermometers. The striking images of liquid crystals changing color under polarized lighting conditions are even on display in many museums and art galleries - true examples of 'science meeting art'. Although liquid crystals provide us with visually stunning displays, fascinating applications, and are a rich and fruitful source of interdisciplinary research, their full potential may yet remain untapped.

Introduction to Liquid Crystals

Peter J. Collings,Michael Hird
Introduction to Liquid Crystals Book PDF

Author : Peter J. Collings,Michael Hird
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 317 pages
File Size : 51,9 Mb
Release : 1997-03-19
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780203211199

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Introduction to Liquid Crystals by Peter J. Collings,Michael Hird Pdf

This text relies on only introductory level physics and chemistry as the foundation for understanding liquid crystal science. Liquid crystals combine the material properties of solids with the flow properties of fluids. As such they have provided the foundation for a revolution in low- power, flat-panel display technology LCDs. In this book, the essential elements of liquid crystal science are introduced and explained from the perspectives of both the chemist and the physicist.; The text begins with an historical account of the discovery of liquid crystals and continues with a description of how different phases are generated and how different molecular architectures affect liquid crystalline properties. The rest of the book is concerned with understanding and explaining the properties of the various types of liquid crystals, and in the final part of the book, the technology of LCDs is discussed and illustrated.

Introduction to Liquid Crystals

Peter J. Collings,John W. Goodby
Introduction to Liquid Crystals Book PDF

Author : Peter J. Collings,John W. Goodby
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 532 pages
File Size : 40,8 Mb
Release : 2019-10-23
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781351579834

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Introduction to Liquid Crystals by Peter J. Collings,John W. Goodby Pdf

Introduction to Liquid Crystals: Chemistry and Physics, Second Edition relies on only introductory level chemistry and physics as the foundation for understanding liquid crystal science. Liquid crystals combine the material properties of solids with the flow properties of fluids. As such they have provided the foundation for a revolution in low-power, flat-panel display technology (LCDs). In this book, the essential elements of liquid crystal science are introduced and explained from the perspectives of both the chemist and physicist. This new edition relies on only introductory level physics and chemistry as the foundation for understanding liquid crystal science and is, therefore, ideal for students and recent graduates. Features Introduces and explains the essential elements of liquid crystal science, including discussion of how liquid crystals have been utilized for innovative and important applications. New to this edition are over 300 figures, 90 end-of chapter exercises, and an increased scope that includes recent developments. Combines the knowledge of two eminent scientists in the field; they have fully updated and expanded the text to cover undergraduate/graduate course work as well as current research in what is now a billion-dollar industry. Immerses the reader in the vocabulary, structures, data, and kinetic models, rapidly building up an understanding of the theories and models in current use. Begins with a historical account of the discovery of liquid crystals and continues with a description of how different phases are generated and how different molecular architectures affect liquid crystal properties.

Introduction to Liquid Crystals

Peter J. Collings,Michael Hird
Introduction to Liquid Crystals Book PDF

Author : Peter J. Collings,Michael Hird
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 353 pages
File Size : 47,5 Mb
Release : 2017-09-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781351988780

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Introduction to Liquid Crystals by Peter J. Collings,Michael Hird Pdf

This text relies on only introductory level physics and chemistry as the foundation for understanding liquid crystal science. Liquid crystals combine the material properties of solids with the flow properties of fluids. As such they have provided the foundation for a revolution in low- power, flat-panel display technology LCDs. In this book, the essential elements of liquid crystal science are introduced and explained from the perspectives of both the chemist and the physicist.; The text begins with an historical account of the discovery of liquid crystals and continues with a description of how different phases are generated and how different molecular architectures affect liquid crystalline properties. The rest of the book is concerned with understanding and explaining the properties of the various types of liquid crystals, and in the final part of the book, the technology of LCDs is discussed and illustrated.

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance of Liquid Crystals

Ronald Y. Dong
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance of Liquid Crystals Book PDF

Author : Ronald Y. Dong
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 268 pages
File Size : 48,7 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781468402087

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Nuclear Magnetic Resonance of Liquid Crystals by Ronald Y. Dong Pdf

Liquid crystals have become ubiquitous in the displays for electronic devices, ranging from wrist watches to laptop computers. Nuclear magnetic resonance is one of the important mechanisms for determining their structures tures and properties. This book covers NMR techniques used in studying liquid crystals and present up to date results from such studies. Ronald Dong has worked on NMR in liquid crystals for much of his professional career. Topics covered include: Nuclear spin dynamics, orientational order, molecular field theories of liquid-crystal molecules, nuclear spin relaxation, spin relaxation, rotational and translational dynamics, internal dynamics of liquid-crystal molecules, NMR in liquid crystals; an appendix covers rotations, Euler angles and Wigner rotation matrices.

Introduction to Liquid Crystals

E. Priestly
Introduction to Liquid Crystals Book PDF

Author : E. Priestly
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 358 pages
File Size : 55,5 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781468421750

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Introduction to Liquid Crystals by E. Priestly Pdf

The existence of liquid crystals has been known for nearly a centu ry; yet it is only in the last ten years that their unique optical, electri cal, electro-optic, and thermal properties have been exploited to any significant extent in such technological applications as digital d~ plays and thermography. Digital watches equipped with liquid-crys tal displays (LCD's) have recently made their debut in the electronic watch market, and the large-scale use of LCD's in a variety of other applications requiring reliable, low-power digital displays is immi nent. There is good reason to believe that liquid crystals will be the first electro-optic materials to find widespread commercial use. Apart from applications, liquid crystals are unique among the phases of matter. Lurking beneath their garish display of color and texture is a great complexity of physical and chemical interaction that is only now beginning to unfold in the face of a decade-old resurgence in all aspects of liquid~rystal research. RCA Laboratories has participated in this resurgence from its beginning in the early 1960's and at present maintains active liquid-crystal programs both in basic re search and in device engineering. In view of the widespread interest in liquid crystals at RCA Labo ratories, an in-house weekly seminar devoted to the subject of liquid crystals was organized in the fall of 1973. The resulting lectures were subsequently published in three issues of the RCA Review and, with the incorporation of much additional material, eventually grew into the present volume.

Fundamentals of Liquid Crystal Devices

Deng-Ke Yang,Shin-Tson Wu
Fundamentals of Liquid Crystal Devices Book PDF

Author : Deng-Ke Yang,Shin-Tson Wu
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 588 pages
File Size : 49,7 Mb
Release : 2014-12-03
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781118752005

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Fundamentals of Liquid Crystal Devices by Deng-Ke Yang,Shin-Tson Wu Pdf

Liquid Crystal Devices are crucial and ubiquitous components of an ever-increasing number of technologies. They are used in everything from cellular phones, eBook readers, GPS devices, computer monitors and automotive displays to projectors and TVs, to name but a few. This second edition continues to serve as an introductory guide to the fundamental properties of liquid crystals and their technical application, while explicating the recent advancements within LCD technology. This edition includes important new chapters on blue-phase display technology, advancements in LCD research significantly contributed to by the authors themselves. This title is of particular interest to engineers and researchers involved in display technology and graduate students involved in display technology research. Key features: Updated throughout to reflect the latest technical state-of-the-art in LCD research and development, including new chapters and material on topics such as the properties of blue-phase liquid crystal displays and 3D liquid crystal displays; Explains the link between the fundamental scientific principles behind liquid crystal technology and their application to photonic devices and displays, providing a thorough understanding of the physics, optics, electro-optics and material aspects of Liquid Crystal Devices; Revised material reflecting developments in LCD technology, including updates on optical modelling methods, transmissive LCDs and tunable liquid crystal photonic devices; Chapters conclude with detailed homework problems to further cement an understanding of the topic.

Liquid Crystals

Shri Singh,David A. Dunmur
Liquid Crystals Book PDF

Author : Shri Singh,David A. Dunmur
Publisher : World Scientific
Page : 556 pages
File Size : 41,7 Mb
Release : 2002
Category : Science
ISBN : 9810242506

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Liquid Crystals by Shri Singh,David A. Dunmur Pdf

Liquid crystals are partially ordered systems without a rigid, long-range structure. The study of these materials covers a wide area: chemical structure, physical properties and technical applications. Due to their dual nature -- anisotropic physical properties of solids and rheological behavior of liquids -- and easy response to externally applied electric, magnetic, optical and surface fields liquid crystals are of greatest potential for scientific and technological applications. The subject has come of age and has achieved the status of being a very exciting interdisciplinary field of scientific and industrial research. This book is an outgrowth of the enormous advances made during the last three decades in both our understanding of liquid crystals and our ability to use them in applications. It presents a systematic, self-contained and up-to-date overview of the structure and properties of liquid crystals. It will be of great value to graduates and research workers in condensed matter physics, chemical physics, biology, materials science, chemical and electrical engineering, and technology from a materials science and physics viewpoint of liquid crystals.

The Physics of Liquid Crystals

P. G. de Gennes,J. Prost
The Physics of Liquid Crystals Book PDF

Author : P. G. de Gennes,J. Prost
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 620 pages
File Size : 55,8 Mb
Release : 1993
Category : Science
ISBN : 0198517858

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The Physics of Liquid Crystals by P. G. de Gennes,J. Prost Pdf

This new edition of the classic text incorporates the many advances in knowledge about liquid crystals that have taken place since its initial publication in 1974. Entirely new chapters describe the types and properties of liquid crystals in terms of both recently discovered phases and current insight into the nature of local order and isotropic-to-nematic transition. There is an extensive discussion of the symmetrical, macroscopic, dynamic, and defective properties of smectics and columnar phases, with emphasis on order-of-magnitude considerations, all illustrated with numerous descriptions of experimental arrangements. The final chapter is devoted to phase transitions in smectics, including the celebrated analogy between smectic A and superconductors. This new version's topicality and breadth of coverage will ensure that it remains an indispensable guide for researchers and graduate students in mechanics and engineering, and in chemical, solid state, and statistical physics.

The Static and Dynamic Continuum Theory of Liquid Crystals

Iain W. Stewart
The Static and Dynamic Continuum Theory of Liquid Crystals Book PDF

Author : Iain W. Stewart
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 351 pages
File Size : 41,8 Mb
Release : 2004-06-29
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780203646335

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The Static and Dynamic Continuum Theory of Liquid Crystals by Iain W. Stewart Pdf

Given the widespread interest in macroscopic phenomena in liquid crystals, stemming from their applications in displays and devices. The need has arisen for a rigorous yet accessible text suitable for graduate students, whatever their scientific background. This book satisfies that need. The approach taken in this text, is to introduce the basic continuum theory for nematic liquid crystals in equilibria, then it proceeds to simple application of this theory- in particular, there is a discussion of electrical and magnetic field effects which give rise to Freedericksz transitions, which are important in devices. This is followed by an account of dynamic theory and elementary viscometry of nemantics Discussions of backflow and flow-induced instabilities are also included. Smetic theory is also briefly introduced and summarised with some examples of equilibrium solutions as well as those with dynamic effects. A number of mathematical techniques, such as Cartesian tensors and some variational calculus, are presented in the appendices.

Liquid Crystals

Esther Leslie
Liquid Crystals Book PDF

Author : Esther Leslie
Publisher : Reaktion Books
Page : 288 pages
File Size : 42,7 Mb
Release : 2016-11-15
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781780236933

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Liquid Crystals by Esther Leslie Pdf

While it is responsible for today’s abundance of flat screens—on televisions, computers, and mobile devices—most of us have only heard of it in the ubiquitous acronym, LCD, with little thought as to exactly what it is: liquid crystal. In this book, Esther Leslie enlightens us, offering an accessible and fascinating look at—not a substance, not a technology—but a wholly different phase of matter. As she explains, liquid crystal is a curious material phase that organizes a substance’s molecules in a crystalline form yet allows them to move fluidly like water. Observed since the nineteenth century, this phase has been a deep curiosity to science and, in more recent times, the key to a new era of media technology. In between that time, as Leslie shows, it has figured in cultural forms from Romantic landscape painting to snow globes, from mountaineering to eco-disasters, and from touchscreen devices to DNA. Expertly written but accessible, Liquid Crystals recounts the unheralded but hugely significant emergence of this unique form of matter.

Liquid Crystals

Iam-Choon Khoo
Liquid Crystals Book PDF

Author : Iam-Choon Khoo
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 385 pages
File Size : 49,7 Mb
Release : 2007-03-30
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9780470084021

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Liquid Crystals by Iam-Choon Khoo Pdf

The fundamental science and latest applications of liquid crystal technologies An excellent professional reference and superior upper-level student text, Liquid Crystals, Second Edition is a comprehensive treatment of all the basic principles underlying the unique physical and optical properties of liquid crystals. Written by an internationally known pioneer in the nonlinear optics of liquid crystals, the book also provides a unique, in-depth discussion of the mechanisms and theoretical principles behind all major nonlinear optical phenomena occurring in liquid crystals. Fully revised and updated with the latest developments, this Second Edition covers: Basic physics and optical properties of liquid crystals Nematics, as well as other mesophases such as smectics, ferroelectrics, and cholesterics Fundamentals of liquid crystals for electro-optics, and display and non-display related applications Various theoretical and computational techniques used in describing optical propagation through liquid crystals and anisotropic materials Nonlinear optics of liquid crystals, including updated literature reviews and fundamental discussions Structured to follow a natural sequence of instruction, from basic physics to the latest specialized optical, electro-optical, and nonlinear applications, Liquid Crystals is a textbook that grounds students in the fundamentals before introducing them to the most current discoveries in the field. Written in a clear, reader-friendly style, it features numerous figures, tables, and illustrations, including important and hard-to-find device and material parameters. Invaluable to students, researchers, and those working with liquid crystal applications in various industries, Liquid Crystals, Second Edition is the most comprehensive and up-to-date resource available.

Liquid Crystals

Peter J. Collings
Liquid Crystals Book PDF

Author : Peter J. Collings
Publisher : Princeton University Press
Page : 242 pages
File Size : 42,7 Mb
Release : 2002
Category : Science
ISBN : 0691086729

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Liquid Crystals by Peter J. Collings Pdf

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Applications of Liquid Crystals

G. Meier,E. Sackmann,J.G. Grabmaier
Applications of Liquid Crystals Book PDF

Author : G. Meier,E. Sackmann,J.G. Grabmaier
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 171 pages
File Size : 41,9 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783642809545

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Applications of Liquid Crystals by G. Meier,E. Sackmann,J.G. Grabmaier Pdf

Over the past ten years liquid crystals have attracted much interest and considerable progress has been made with respect to our knowledge in this field. The recent development was initiated mainly by the work of J. L. Fergason and G. H. Heilmeier, who pointed out the importance of liquid crystals for thermographic and electro optic applications. The first part of this book is a brief introduction to the physics of liquid crystals. The structures and properties of the three basic types of liquid crystals are discussed. A special paragraph is devoted to electric-field effects, which are important in display applications. The chapter on Scientific Applications gives an insight into the potential applications of liquid crystals in fundamental research, with special emphasis on explaining the principles involved. Two groups of potential applications are discussed in detail: 1. the use of liquid crystals as anisotropic solvent for the determination of molecular properties by means of spectroscopy, and 2. their use in analytical chemistry, particularly in gas chromatography. The reverse process involves the use of the dissolved molecules as microscopic probes in the investigation of the dynamical molecular structure of anisotropic fluid systems (e.g. biological membranes). This extremely important technique is also described.

Thermotropic Liquid Crystals, Fundamentals

Ger Vertogen,Wim H. de Jeu
Thermotropic Liquid Crystals Fundamentals Book PDF

Author : Ger Vertogen,Wim H. de Jeu
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 326 pages
File Size : 50,9 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783642831331

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Thermotropic Liquid Crystals, Fundamentals by Ger Vertogen,Wim H. de Jeu Pdf

The aim of this book is to give a unified and critical account of the fundamental aspects of liquid crystals. Preference is given to discussing the assumptions made in developing theories and analyzing experimental data rather than to attempting to compile all the latest results. The book has four parts. Part I is quite descriptive in character and gives a general overview of the various liquid crystalline phases. Part II deals with the macroscopic continuum theory of liquid crystals and gives a systematic development of the theory from a tensorial point of view thus emphasizing the relevant symmetries. Part III concentrates on experiments that provide microscopic information on the orientational behaviour of the molecules. Finally Part IV discusses the theory of the various phases and their attendant phase transitions from both a Landau and a molecular-statistical point of view. Simplifying the various models as far as possible, it critically examines the merits of a molecular-statistical approach.