Animal Cell Type Diversity Evolution And Regulation

Author : Sally Leys,Andreas Hejnol
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 136 pages
File Size : 40,9 Mb
Release : 2021-05-23
Category : Nature
ISBN : 9781315388205

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Origin and Evolution of Metazoan Cell Types by Sally Leys,Andreas Hejnol Pdf

The evolution of animal diversity is strongly affected by the origin of novel cell and tissue types and their interactions with each other. Understanding the evolution of cell types will shed light on the evolution of novel structures, and in turn highlight how animals diversified. Several cell types may also have been lost as animals simplified – for example did sponges have nerves and lose them? This book reveals the interplay between gains and losses and provides readers with a better grasp of the evolutionary history of cell types. In addition, the book illustrates how new cell types allow a better understanding permitting the discrimination between convergence and homology.

Author : Sebé-Pedrós, Arnau
Publisher : Institut d'Estudis Catalans
Page : 40 pages
File Size : 48,7 Mb
Release : 2023-01-26
Category : Science
ISBN : 9788499656960

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Animal cell type diversity, evolution and regulation by Sebé-Pedrós, Arnau Pdf

A fundamental question in biology is how the myriad of specialized cell behaviors observed in a multicellular organism is encoded by a single genome sequence, and which gene regulatory mechanisms orchestrate the spatiotemporal deployment and maintenance of these cell type-specific programs. Decades of genetic and, more recently, genomic analyses have identified multiple layers of regulation, including specific molecular players and their interactions. This regulation ultimately results in cell-specific gene expression profiles that define coordinated cell cooperation at the tissue and whole-organism levels. However, the diversity and evolutionary dynamics of cell types remain almost completely unexplored beyond selected tissues in a few species, and so it is the gene regulatory networks that define them. Similarly, little is known about the emergence of complex genome regulatory mechanisms that support cell type-specific programs and cellular memory, including genome spatial compartmentalization and chromatin dynamics. The advent of low-input, highly-multiplexed epigenomic and transcriptomic profiling methods, even at single-cell resolution, and the broad applicability of these techniques to diverse systems, bypasses the need to obtain large amounts of biological material by culturing or dissecting particular tissues or cell types. This paves the way for the comparative multi-level analysis of cell differentiation in species and ontogenetic stages that span an unprecedented phylogenetic breadth and represent diverse levels of biological complexity: ranging from unicellular temporal differentiation dynamics and simple multicellular behaviors (as in some protistan eukaryotes), through loosely integrated and limitedly diversified ensembles of cell types (as in early-branching animals), to organisms with elaborate tissue and body plan organization (as in bilaterian animals). The comparative approach, through the prism of evolutionary theory and supported by a robust phylogenetic framework, holds the promise of offering far-reaching insights into the fundamental principles that govern cell biological systems and the associated molecular mechanisms of genome regulation.

Author : Sean B. Carroll,Jennifer K. Grenier,Scott D. Weatherbee
Publisher : Wiley-Blackwell
Page : 272 pages
File Size : 47,7 Mb
Release : 2009-03-12
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781444309218

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From DNA to Diversity by Sean B. Carroll,Jennifer K. Grenier,Scott D. Weatherbee Pdf

In this landmark work, the author team led by Dr. Sean Carroll presents the general principles of the genetic basis of morphological change through a synthesis of evolutionary biology with genetics and embryology. In this extensively revised second edition, the authors delve into the latest discoveries, incorporating new coverage of comparative genomics, molecular evolution of regulatory proteins and elements, and microevolution of animal development. An accessible text, focusing on the most well-known genes, developmental processes and taxa. Builds logically from developmental genetics and regulatory mechanisms to evolution at different genetic morphological levels. Adds major insights from recent genome studies, new evo-devo biology research findings, and a new chapter on models of variation and divergence among closely related species. Provides in-depth focus on key concepts through well-developed case studies. Features clear, 4-color illustrations and photographs, chapter summaries, references and a glossary. Presents the research of Dr. Carroll, a pioneer in the field and the past president of the Society for Developmental Biology. An Instructor manual CD-ROM for this title is available. Please contact our Higher Education team at [email protected] for more information.

Author : National Academy of Sciences
Publisher : Sackler Colloquium
Page : 388 pages
File Size : 54,9 Mb
Release : 2007
Category : Science
ISBN : UOM:39015073872999

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In the Light of Evolution by National Academy of Sciences Pdf

The Arthur M. Sackler Colloquia of the National Academy of Sciences address scientific topics of broad and current interest, cutting across the boundaries of traditional disciplines. Each year, four or five such colloquia are scheduled, typically two days in length and international in scope. Colloquia are organized by a member of the Academy, often with the assistance of an organizing committee, and feature presentations by leading scientists in the field and discussions with a hundred or more researchers with an interest in the topic. Colloquia presentations are recorded and posted on the National Academy of Sciences Sackler colloquia website and published on CD-ROM. These Colloquia are made possible by a generous gift from Mrs. Jill Sackler, in memory of her husband, Arthur M. Sackler.

Author : Samantha Fowler,Rebecca Roush,James Wise
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 618 pages
File Size : 41,8 Mb
Release : 2018-01-07
Category : Science
ISBN : 9888407457

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Concepts of Biology by Samantha Fowler,Rebecca Roush,James Wise Pdf

Concepts of Biology is designed for the single-semester introduction to biology course for non-science majors, which for many students is their only college-level science course. As such, this course represents an important opportunity for students to develop the necessary knowledge, tools, and skills to make informed decisions as they continue with their lives. Rather than being mired down with facts and vocabulary, the typical non-science major student needs information presented in a way that is easy to read and understand. Even more importantly, the content should be meaningful. Students do much better when they understand why biology is relevant to their everyday lives. For these reasons, Concepts of Biology is grounded on an evolutionary basis and includes exciting features that highlight careers in the biological sciences and everyday applications of the concepts at hand.We also strive to show the interconnectedness of topics within this extremely broad discipline. In order to meet the needs of today's instructors and students, we maintain the overall organization and coverage found in most syllabi for this course. A strength of Concepts of Biology is that instructors can customize the book, adapting it to the approach that works best in their classroom. Concepts of Biology also includes an innovative art program that incorporates critical thinking and clicker questions to help students understand--and apply--key concepts.

Author : Jochen C. Rink
Publisher : Humana
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 45,5 Mb
Release : 2018-06-19
Category : Science
ISBN : 1493978004

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Planarian Regeneration by Jochen C. Rink Pdf

This volume explores the various facets of planaria as a biomedical model system and discusses techniques used to study the fascinating biology of these animals. The chapters in this book are divided into two parts: Part One looks at the biodiversity of planarian species, the molecular orchestration of regeneration, ecology of planarians in their natural habitats and their history as lab models. Part Two talks about experimental protocols for studying planarians, ranging from the establishment of a planarian research colony, to RNA and DNA extraction techniques, all the way to single stem cell transplantations or metabolomics analysis. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Comprehensive and cutting-edge, Planarian Regeneration: Methods and Protocols is a valuable resource for both newcomers to the field and experts within established planarian laboratories.

Author : Bruce Alberts
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 2002
Category : Cytology
ISBN : 0815332181

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Molecular Biology of The Cell by Bruce Alberts Pdf

Author : Gerhard Schlosser
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 325 pages
File Size : 51,9 Mb
Release : 2021-06-17
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781000369137

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Evolutionary Origin of Sensory and Neurosecretory Cell Types by Gerhard Schlosser Pdf

Most vertebrate cranial sense organs arise from placodes. These placodes give rise to sensory neurons that transmit information to the brain and neurosecretory cells. This book reviews the evolutionary origin of the sensory and neurosecretory cell types. It summarizes our current understanding of vertebrate evolution, clarifies conceptual issues relating to homology and evolutionary innovation of cell types, compares the sensory and neurosecretory cell types with similar cell types in other animals, and addresses the question of how cranial placodes evolved as novel structures in vertebrates by redeploying pre-existing and sometimes evolutionarily ancient cell types.

Author : National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Commission on Life Sciences,Board on Biology,Committee on Research Opportunities in Biology
Publisher : National Academies
Page : 471 pages
File Size : 41,9 Mb
Release : 1989-01-01
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780309039277

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Opportunities in Biology by National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Commission on Life Sciences,Board on Biology,Committee on Research Opportunities in Biology Pdf

Biology has entered an era in which interdisciplinary cooperation is at an all-time high, practical applications follow basic discoveries more quickly than ever before, and new technologiesâ€"recombinant DNA, scanning tunneling microscopes, and moreâ€"are revolutionizing the way science is conducted. The potential for scientific breakthroughs with significant implications for society has never been greater. Opportunities in Biology reports on the state of the new biology, taking a detailed look at the disciplines of biology; examining the advances made in medicine, agriculture, and other fields; and pointing out promising research opportunities. Authored by an expert panel representing a variety of viewpoints, this volume also offers recommendations on how to meet the infrastructure needsâ€"for funding, effective information systems, and other supportâ€"of future biology research. Exploring what has been accomplished and what is on the horizon, Opportunities in Biology is an indispensable resource for students, teachers, and researchers in all subdisciplines of biology as well as for research administrators and those in funding agencies.

Author : Brian K. Hall
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 322 pages
File Size : 42,9 Mb
Release : 2013-03-14
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781475730647

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The Neural Crest in Development and Evolution by Brian K. Hall Pdf

A discussion of the neural crest and neural crest cells, dealing with their discovery, their embryological and evolutionary origins, their cellular derivatives - in both agnathan and jawed vertebrates or gnathostomes - and the broad topics of migration and differentiation in normal development. The book also considers what goes wrong when development is misdirected by mutations, or by exposure of embryos to exogenous agents such as drugs, alcohol, or excess vitamin A, and includes discussions of tumours and syndromes and birth defects involving neural crest cells.

Author : Sukanta Mondal,Ram Lakhan Singh
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 340 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 2020-11-25
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780128206126

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Advances in Animal Genomics by Sukanta Mondal,Ram Lakhan Singh Pdf

Advances in Animal Genomics provides an outstanding collection of integrated strategies involving traditional and modern - omics (structural, functional, comparative and epigenomics) approaches and genomics-assisted breeding methods which animal biotechnologists can utilize to dissect and decode the molecular and gene regulatory networks involved in the complex quantitative yield and stress tolerance traits in livestock. Written by international experts on animal genomics, this book explores the recent advances in high-throughput, next-generation whole genome and transcriptome sequencing, array-based genotyping, and modern bioinformatics approaches which have enabled to produce huge genomic and transcriptomic resources globally on a genome-wide scale. This book is an important resource for researchers, students, educators and professionals in agriculture, veterinary and biotechnology sciences that enables them to solve problems regarding sustainable development with the help of current innovative biotechnologies. Integrates basic and advanced concepts of animal biotechnology and presents future developments Describes current high-throughput next-generation whole genome and transcriptome sequencing, array-based genotyping, and modern bioinformatics approaches for sustainable livestock production Illustrates integrated strategies to dissect and decode the molecular and gene regulatory networks involved in complex quantitative yield and stress tolerance traits in livestock Ensures readers will gain a strong grasp of biotechnology for sustainable livestock production with its well-illustrated discussion

Author : David Wake
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 49,7 Mb
Release : 2015
Category : Science
ISBN : 1621820726

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Size Control in Biology by David Wake Pdf

Size is a primary feature of living things. From egg to adult, the various organs, tissues, cells, and subcellular structures that make up an organism grow to appropriate sizes so that they effectively fit and function together. The misregulation of this growth can lead to diseases such as cancer. Written and edited by experts in the field, this collection from Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology examines our current understanding of the intrinsic and extrinsic mechanisms that precisely regulate the sizes of biological structures so that they can function efficiently in their cellular, organismal, or ecological context. Contributors discuss the various genetic, hormonal, and environmental inputs that trigger cells to grow, divide, or die, the various signaling pathways involved, and how these determine the final body size of an organism and the proportions of its component tissues and organs. Size-sensing mechanisms that enable cells to maintain their optimal sizes are reviewed, as are the scaling mechanisms that organelles use to adjust their sizes in response to changes in cell size. Examples from across the tree of life--from bacteria to humans--are provided. The authors also describe the mysteries that still remain about cell size and its control, including the nature of the intriguing relationship between nuclear DNA content and cell size. This volume will therefore be fascinating reading for all cell, developmental, and evolutionary biologists.

Author : Ajit Varki,Maarten J. Chrispeels
Publisher : CSHL Press
Page : 694 pages
File Size : 48,8 Mb
Release : 1999
Category : Medical
ISBN : 0879696818

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Essentials of Glycobiology by Ajit Varki,Maarten J. Chrispeels Pdf

Sugar chains (glycans) are often attached to proteins and lipids and have multiple roles in the organization and function of all organisms. "Essentials of Glycobiology" describes their biogenesis and function and offers a useful gateway to the understanding of glycans.

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 450 pages
File Size : 46,7 Mb
Release : 2020-05-22
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780128131817

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Gene Regulatory Networks by Anonim Pdf

Gene Regulatory Networks, Volume 139 in the Current Topics in Developmental Biology series, highlights new advances in the field, with this new volume presenting interesting chapters written by an international board of authors. Topics in this release include Mouse hindbrain GRN, Xenopus endoderm GRN – organogenesis, Vertebrate limb GRN, The notochord gene regulatory network in chordate evolution: conservation and divergence from Ciona to vertebrates, Ciona early embryo GRNs, Boolean logic models, Modeling GRN response to morphogen gradient, GRN architecture, Theory of GRN evolution, Evolution of fly segmentation GRNs, GRN evolution in echinoderms, Evolution of network specificity, and more. Provides the authority and expertise of leading contributors from an international board of authors Presents the latest release in the Current Topics in Developmental Biology series Includes the latest information on gene regulatory networks

Author : Matthew D. Herron,Peter L. Conlin,William C. Ratcliff
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 395 pages
File Size : 44,8 Mb
Release : 2022-06-07
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781000542578

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The Evolution of Multicellularity by Matthew D. Herron,Peter L. Conlin,William C. Ratcliff Pdf

Among the most important innovations in the history of life is the transition from single-celled organisms to more complex, multicellular organisms. Multicellularity has evolved repeatedly across the tree of life, resulting in the evolution of new kinds of organisms that collectively constitute a significant portion of Earth’s biodiversity and have transformed the biosphere. This volume examines the origins and subsequent evolution of multicellularity, reviewing the types of multicellular groups that exist, their evolutionary relationships, the processes that led to their evolution, and the conceptual frameworks in which their evolution is understood. This important volume is intended to serve as a jumping-off point, stimulating further research by summarizing the topics that students and researchers of the evolution of multicellularity should be familiar with, and highlighting future research directions for the field.