The Evolution Of Multicellularity

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The Evolution of Multicellularity

Matthew D. Herron,Peter L. Conlin,William C. Ratcliff
The Evolution of Multicellularity Book PDF

Author : Matthew D. Herron,Peter L. Conlin,William C. Ratcliff
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 395 pages
File Size : 49,7 Mb
Release : 2022-06-07
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781000542578

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The Evolution of Multicellularity by Matthew D. Herron,Peter L. Conlin,William C. Ratcliff Pdf

Among the most important innovations in the history of life is the transition from single-celled organisms to more complex, multicellular organisms. Multicellularity has evolved repeatedly across the tree of life, resulting in the evolution of new kinds of organisms that collectively constitute a significant portion of Earth’s biodiversity and have transformed the biosphere. This volume examines the origins and subsequent evolution of multicellularity, reviewing the types of multicellular groups that exist, their evolutionary relationships, the processes that led to their evolution, and the conceptual frameworks in which their evolution is understood. This important volume is intended to serve as a jumping-off point, stimulating further research by summarizing the topics that students and researchers of the evolution of multicellularity should be familiar with, and highlighting future research directions for the field.

Multicellularity

Karl J. Niklas,Stuart A. Newman
Multicellularity Book PDF

Author : Karl J. Niklas,Stuart A. Newman
Publisher : MIT Press
Page : 329 pages
File Size : 42,9 Mb
Release : 2016-02-19
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780262333757

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Multicellularity by Karl J. Niklas,Stuart A. Newman Pdf

Scholars consider the origins and consequences of the evolution of multicellularity, addressing a range of organisms, experimental protocols, theoretical concepts, and philosophical issues. The evolution of multicellularity raises questions regarding genomic and developmental commonalities and discordances, selective advantages and disadvantages, physical determinants of development, and the origins of morphological novelties. It also represents a change in the definition of individuality, because a new organism emerges from interactions among single cells. This volume considers these and other questions, with contributions that explore the origins and consequences of the evolution of multicellularity, addressing a range of topics, organisms, and experimental protocols. Each section focuses on selected topics or particular lineages that present a significant insight or challenge. The contributors consider the fossil record of the paleontological circumstances in which animal multicellularity evolved; cooptation, recurrent patterns, modularity, and plausible pathways for multicellular evolution in plants; theoretical approaches to the amoebozoa and fungi (cellular slime molds having long provided a robust model system for exploring the evolution of multicellularity), plants, and animals; genomic toolkits of metazoan multicellularity; and philosophical aspects of the meaning of individuality in light of multicellular evolution. Contributors Maja Adamska, Argyris Arnellos, Juan A. Arias, Eugenio Azpeitia, Mariana Benítez, Adriano Bonforti, John Tyler Bonner, Peter L. Conlin, A. Keith Dunker, Salva Duran-Nebreda, Ana E. Escalante, Valeria Hernández-Hernández, Kunihiko Kaneko, Andrew H. Knoll, Stephan G. König, Daniel J. G. Lahr, Ottoline Leyser, Alan C. Love, Raul Montañez, Emilio Mora van Cauwelaert, Alvaro Moreno, Vidyanand Nanjundiah, Aurora M. Nedelcu, Stuart A. Newman, Karl J. Niklas, William C. Ratcliff, Iñaki Ruiz-Trillo, Ricard Solé

First Signals

John Tyler Bonner
First Signals Book PDF

Author : John Tyler Bonner
Publisher : Princeton University Press
Page : 156 pages
File Size : 49,5 Mb
Release : 2009-09-11
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781400830589

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First Signals by John Tyler Bonner Pdf

The enormous recent success of molecular developmental biology has yielded a vast amount of new information on the details of development. So much so that we risk losing sight of the underlying principles that apply to all development. To cut through this thicket, John Tyler Bonner ponders a moment in evolution when development was at its most basic--the moment when signaling between cells began. Although multicellularity arose numerous times, most of those events happened many millions of years ago. Many of the details of development that we see today, even in simple organisms, accrued over a long evolutionary timeline, and the initial events are obscured. The relatively uncomplicated and easy-to-grow cellular slime molds offer a unique opportunity to analyze development at a primitive stage and perhaps gain insight into how early multicellular development might have started. Through slime molds, Bonner seeks a picture of the first elements of communication between cells. He asks what we have learned by looking at their developmental biology, including recent advances in our molecular understanding of the process. He then asks what is the most elementary way that polarity and pattern formation can be achieved. To find the answer, he uses models, including mathematical ones, to generate insights into how cell-to-cell cooperation might have originated. Students and scholars in the blossoming field of the evolution of development, as well as evolutionary biologists generally, will be interested in what Bonner has to say about the origins of multicellular development--and thus of the astounding biological complexity we now observe--and how best to study it.

Multicellularity

Karl J. Niklas,Stuart A. Newman
Multicellularity Book PDF

Author : Karl J. Niklas,Stuart A. Newman
Publisher : MIT Press
Page : 329 pages
File Size : 43,8 Mb
Release : 2022-06-07
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780262545853

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Multicellularity by Karl J. Niklas,Stuart A. Newman Pdf

Scholars consider the origins and consequences of the evolution of multicellularity, addressing a range of organisms, experimental protocols, theoretical concepts, and philosophical issues. The evolution of multicellularity raises questions regarding genomic and developmental commonalities and discordances, selective advantages and disadvantages, physical determinants of development, and the origins of morphological novelties. It also represents a change in the definition of individuality, because a new organism emerges from interactions among single cells. This volume considers these and other questions, with contributions that explore the origins and consequences of the evolution of multicellularity, addressing a range of topics, organisms, and experimental protocols. Each section focuses on selected topics or particular lineages that present a significant insight or challenge. The contributors consider the fossil record of the paleontological circumstances in which animal multicellularity evolved; cooptation, recurrent patterns, modularity, and plausible pathways for multicellular evolution in plants; theoretical approaches to the amoebozoa and fungi (cellular slime molds having long provided a robust model system for exploring the evolution of multicellularity), plants, and animals; genomic toolkits of metazoan multicellularity; and philosophical aspects of the meaning of individuality in light of multicellular evolution. Contributors Maja Adamska, Argyris Arnellos, Juan A. Arias, Eugenio Azpeitia, Mariana Benítez, Adriano Bonforti, John Tyler Bonner, Peter L. Conlin, A. Keith Dunker, Salva Duran-Nebreda, Ana E. Escalante, Valeria Hernández-Hernández, Kunihiko Kaneko, Andrew H. Knoll, Stephan G. König, Daniel J. G. Lahr, Ottoline Leyser, Alan C. Love, Raul Montañez, Emilio Mora van Cauwelaert, Alvaro Moreno, Vidyanand Nanjundiah, Aurora M. Nedelcu, Stuart A. Newman, Karl J. Niklas, William C. Ratcliff, Iñaki Ruiz-Trillo, Ricard Solé

The Search for Life's Origins

National Research Council,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Space Studies Board,Committee on Planetary Biology and Chemical Evolution
The Search for Life s Origins Book PDF

Author : National Research Council,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Space Studies Board,Committee on Planetary Biology and Chemical Evolution
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 161 pages
File Size : 41,5 Mb
Release : 1990-02-01
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780309042468

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The Search for Life's Origins by National Research Council,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Space Studies Board,Committee on Planetary Biology and Chemical Evolution Pdf

The field of planetary biology and chemical evolution draws together experts in astronomy, paleobiology, biochemistry, and space science who work together to understand the evolution of living systems. This field has made exciting discoveries that shed light on how organic compounds came together to form self-replicating molecules-the origin of life. This volume updates that progress and offers recommendations on research programs-including an ambitious effort centered on Mars-to advance the field over the next 10 to 15 years. The book presents a wide range of data and research results on these and other issues: The biogenic elements and their interaction in the interstellar clouds and in solar nebulae. Early planetary environments and the conditions that lead to the origin of life. The evolution of cellular and multicellular life. The search for life outside the solar system. This volume will become required reading for anyone involved in the search for life's beginnings-including exobiologists, geoscientists, planetary scientists, and U.S. space and science policymakers.

The Major Transitions in Evolution

John Maynard Smith,Eörs Szathmáry
The Major Transitions in Evolution Book PDF

Author : John Maynard Smith,Eörs Szathmáry
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 361 pages
File Size : 54,9 Mb
Release : 1997-10-30
Category : Nature
ISBN : 9780198502944

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The Major Transitions in Evolution by John Maynard Smith,Eörs Szathmáry Pdf

During evolution there have been several major changes in the way genetic information is organized and transmitted from one generation to the next. These transitions include the origin of life itself, the first eukaryotic cells, reproduction by sexual means, the appearance of multicellular plants and animals, the emergence of cooperation and of animal societies. This is the first book to discuss all these major transitions and their implications for our understanding of evolution.Clearly written and illustrated with many original diagrams, this book will be welcomed by students and researchers in the fields of evolutionary biology, ecology, and genetics.

Dictyostelium

Richard H. Kessin
Dictyostelium Book PDF

Author : Richard H. Kessin
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 318 pages
File Size : 48,8 Mb
Release : 2001-01-11
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780521583640

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Dictyostelium by Richard H. Kessin Pdf

Dictyostelia are soil amoebae capable of extraordinary feats of survival, motility, chemotaxis, and development. Characterised by their ability to transform from a single-celled organism into an elaborate assemblage of thousands of synchronously-moving cells, Dictyostelids are often referred to as 'social amoebae', and have been the subjects of serious study since the 1930s. Research in this area has been instrumental in understanding many problems in cellular biology. Beginning with the history of Dictyostelids and discussing each stage of their development, this book considers the evolution of this unique organism, analyses the special properties of the Dictyostelid genome, and presents in detail the methods available, at the time of the book's original publication in 2001, to manipulate their genes. Representing the synthesis of such material and with an emphasis on combining classical experiments with modern molecular findings, this book will be essential for researchers and graduates in developmental and cellular biology.

Evolutionary Transitions to Multicellular Life

Iñaki Ruiz-Trillo,Aurora M. Nedelcu
Evolutionary Transitions to Multicellular Life Book PDF

Author : Iñaki Ruiz-Trillo,Aurora M. Nedelcu
Publisher : Springer
Page : 489 pages
File Size : 43,7 Mb
Release : 2015-03-27
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789401796422

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Evolutionary Transitions to Multicellular Life by Iñaki Ruiz-Trillo,Aurora M. Nedelcu Pdf

The book integrates our understanding of the factors and processes underlying the evolution of multicellularity by providing several complementary perspectives (both theoretical and experimental) and using examples from various lineages in which multicellularity evolved. Recent years marked an increased interest in understanding how and why these transitions occurred, and data from various fields are providing new insights into the forces driving the several independent transitions to multicellular life as well as into the genetic and molecular basis for the evolution of this phenotype. The ultimate goal of this book is to facilitate the identification of general and unifying principles and mechanisms.

The Evolution of Differentiation

William S. Bullough
The Evolution of Differentiation Book PDF

Author : William S. Bullough
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 214 pages
File Size : 43,6 Mb
Release : 2013-10-22
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781483263571

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The Evolution of Differentiation by William S. Bullough Pdf

The Evolution of Differentiation attempts to sketch the outlines of a framework from what is now known or suspected of the various aspects of differentiation in all types of organisms. This book surveys the many aspects of differentiation that are seen today, and in particular, because of the evident universality of expression of the genetic code, to enquire whether any similar universality exists in the methods of gene repression and activation. The information reviewed ranges from the chemical control of the genetic mechanisms of unicellular organisms during their various phases of activity, to the chemical control of differentiation in multicellular organisms both during embryonic development and in the adult state. Finally, some consideration is also given to that collapse of differentiation which leads to cancer.

The Cosmic Zoo

Dirk Schulze-Makuch,William Bains
The Cosmic Zoo Book PDF

Author : Dirk Schulze-Makuch,William Bains
Publisher : Springer
Page : 232 pages
File Size : 49,7 Mb
Release : 2017-11-18
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783319620459

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The Cosmic Zoo by Dirk Schulze-Makuch,William Bains Pdf

Are humans a galactic oddity, or will complex life with human abilities develop on planets with environments that remain habitable for long enough? In a clear, jargon-free style, two leading researchers in the burgeoning field of astrobiology critically examine the major evolutionary steps that led us from the distant origins of life to the technologically advanced species we are today. Are the key events that took life from simple cells to astronauts unique occurrences that would be unlikely to occur on other planets? By focusing on what life does - it's functional abilities - rather than specific biochemistry or anatomy, the authors provide plausible answers to this question. Systematically exploring the various pathways that led to the complex biosphere we experience on planet Earth, they show that most of the steps along that path are likely to occur on any world hosting life, with only two exceptions: One is the origin of life itself – if this is a highly improbable event, then we live in a rather “empty universe”. However, if this isn’t the case, we inevitably live in a universe containing a myriad of planets hosting complex as well as microbial life - a “cosmic zoo”. The other unknown is the rise of technologically advanced beings, as exemplified on Earth by humans. Only one technological species has emerged in the roughly 4 billion years life has existed on Earth, and we don’t know of any other technological species elsewhere. If technological intelligence is a rare, almost unique feature of Earth's history, then there can be no visitors to the cosmic zoo other than ourselves. Schulze-Makuch and Bains take the reader through the history of life on Earth, laying out a consistent and straightforward framework for understanding why we should think that advanced, complex life exists on planets other than Earth. They provide a unique perspective on the question that puzzled the human species for centuries: are we alone?

The Choanoflagellates

Barry S. C. Leadbeater
The Choanoflagellates Book PDF

Author : Barry S. C. Leadbeater
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 331 pages
File Size : 41,7 Mb
Release : 2015-01-08
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780521884440

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The Choanoflagellates by Barry S. C. Leadbeater Pdf

A unique account of the biology, ecology and evolution of choanoflagellates - the closest, known, living, unicellular relatives of animals.

The Social Evolution of Human Nature

Harry Smit
The Social Evolution of Human Nature Book PDF

Author : Harry Smit
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 241 pages
File Size : 43,7 Mb
Release : 2014-04-03
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781107055193

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The Social Evolution of Human Nature by Harry Smit Pdf

Harry Smit examines the elements of current evolutionary theory and how they bear on the evolution of the human mind.

The Revolutionary Origins of Life and Death

Pierre M. Durand
The Revolutionary Origins of Life and Death Book PDF

Author : Pierre M. Durand
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
Page : 236 pages
File Size : 52,6 Mb
Release : 2020-12-09
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780226747934

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The Revolutionary Origins of Life and Death by Pierre M. Durand Pdf

The question of why an individual would actively kill itself has long been an evolutionary mystery. Pierre M. Durand’s ambitious book answers this question through close inspection of life and death in the earliest cellular life. As Durand shows us, cell death is a fascinating lens through which to examine the interconnectedness, in evolutionary terms, of life and death. It is a truism to note that one does not exist without the other, but just how does this play out in evolutionary history? These two processes have been studied from philosophical, theoretical, experimental, and genomic angles, but no one has yet integrated the information from these various disciplines. In this work, Durand synthesizes cellular studies of life and death looking at the origin of life and the evolutionary significance of programmed cellular death. The exciting and unexpected outcome of Durand’s analysis is the realization that life and death exhibit features of coevolution. The evolution of more complex cellular life depended on the coadaptation between traits that promote life and those that promote death. In an ironic twist, it becomes clear that, in many circumstances, programmed cell death is essential for sustaining life.

Volvox

David L. Kirk
Volvox Book PDF

Author : David L. Kirk
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 210 pages
File Size : 51,6 Mb
Release : 1998
Category : Science
ISBN : 0521452074

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Volvox by David L. Kirk Pdf

This book reviews Volvox development and biology and, through this study, sheds light on the origins of multicellularity.

Phenotypic Plasticity & Evolution

David W. Pfennig
Phenotypic Plasticity Evolution Book PDF

Author : David W. Pfennig
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 479 pages
File Size : 43,5 Mb
Release : 2021-05-31
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781000387582

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Phenotypic Plasticity & Evolution by David W. Pfennig Pdf

Phenotypic plasticity – the ability of an individual organism to alter its features in direct response to a change in its environment – is ubiquitous. Understanding how and why this phenomenon exists is crucial because it unites all levels of biological inquiry. This book brings together researchers who approach plasticity from diverse perspectives to explore new ideas and recent findings about the causes and consequences of plasticity. Contributors also discuss such controversial topics as how plasticity shapes ecological and evolutionary processes; whether specific plastic responses can be passed to offspring; and whether plasticity has left an important imprint on the history of life. Importantly, each chapter highlights key questions for future research. Drawing on numerous studies of plasticity in natural populations of plants and animals, this book aims to foster greater appreciation for this important, but frequently misunderstood phenomenon. Key Features Written in an accessible style with numerous illustrations, including many in color Reviews the history of the study of plasticity, including Darwin’s views Most chapters conclude with recommendations for future research