Antarctic Ocean And Resources Variability

Author : Dietrich Sahrhage
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 310 pages
File Size : 47,5 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783642737244

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Antarctic Ocean and Resources Variability by Dietrich Sahrhage Pdf

During the intensification of research activities in the Southern Ocean in recent years, both at national levels and through international cooperation in such projects as BIOMASS with its FIBEX and SIBEX phases, the need was felt increasingly for closer collaboration between biologists, meteorologists, and oceanographers in the study of the interaction between the atmospheric forces, the water masses, and the living resources. Better knowledge in this regard is not only of scientific interest but also of practical importance, especially for the management of the resources and the protection of the Antarctic marine ecosystem. As a follow-up on a recommendation by the IOC Program Group for the Southern Oceans made in March 1983, the Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission organized a meeting of experts on oceanography related to the dynamics of the Antarctic ecosystems. During this meeting, held in Kiel, Federal Republic of Ger many, in May 1984, biologists and oceanographers involved in BIOMASS activities met with the oceanographers of SCOR Working Group 74 to discuss ways and means for additional physical and chemical observations in the oceanographic research within BIOMASS. It was the time when large fluctuations in the distribution of krill with subsequent detrimental effects on predator species dependent on krill had just been observed, and the question arose whether this was possibly the result of changes in the Antarctic water circulation.

Author : Dietrich Sahrhage
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 320 pages
File Size : 52,7 Mb
Release : 1988-12-16
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 3642737250

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Antarctic Ocean and Resources Variability by Dietrich Sahrhage Pdf

The subject of the book, considering the study of the interactions between atmospheric forces, water masses, and living resources in the Southern Oceans, is not only of scientific interest but also of practical importance, especially for the management of the resources and the protection of the Antarctic marine ecosystem. What is known on the variability in the Antarctic ocean circulation and what are possible causes for such variations? To what extent and how does this variability influence primary productivity, zooplankton, and in particular, the distribution and abundance of krill? What are the subsequent effects on krill predators, such as seals, penguins, fishes and squid? The book reviews present knowledge and encourages further work in this field.

Author : D.A. Vasseur,K.S. McCann
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 240 pages
File Size : 51,5 Mb
Release : 2007-05-08
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781402058516

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The Impact of Environmental Variability on Ecological Systems by D.A. Vasseur,K.S. McCann Pdf

Fluctuations in the environmental conditions impacting life are ubiquitous. This book brings together contributions to provide readers with a comprehensive look at the challenges for ecological systems and ecological research alike. It offers a comprehensive range of topics, from environmental variability itself to its ecosystem-level impact.

Author : Sayed Z. El-Sayed
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 448 pages
File Size : 44,8 Mb
Release : 1994-02-24
Category : Nature
ISBN : 0521443326

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Southern Ocean Ecology by Sayed Z. El-Sayed Pdf

BIOMASS (Biological Investigations of Marine Antarctic Systems and Stocks) was a unique, large-scale, long-term, international research programme established in 1977 to investigate the ecology of the Southern Ocean. Its main aim was to gain a greater understanding of the biological systems and stocks in the marine Antarctic environment, thereby providing a sound basis for the future management of the living resources within this immense ocean. The programme was drawn to a close in 1991 and its completion marked by a colloquium which brought together key researchers to summarise and review the results obtained. This volume, arising from that colloquium, provides a succinct, state-of-the-art account of the ecology of the Southern Ocean and serves as a comprehensive record of this unique and successful international project.

Author : Southwest Fisheries Center (U.S.)
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 1262 pages
File Size : 47,9 Mb
Release : 1993
Category : Fisheries
ISBN : UCSD:31822009699711

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Collected Reprints by Southwest Fisheries Center (U.S.) Pdf

Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Ocean Studies Board,Polar Research Board
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 83 pages
File Size : 47,7 Mb
Release : 2017-04-24
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780309456005

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Antarctic Sea Ice Variability in the Southern Ocean-Climate System by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Ocean Studies Board,Polar Research Board Pdf

The sea ice surrounding Antarctica has increased in extent and concentration from the late 1970s, when satellite-based measurements began, until 2015. Although this increasing trend is modest, it is surprising given the overall warming of the global climate and the region. Indeed, climate models, which incorporate our best understanding of the processes affecting the region, generally simulate a decrease in sea ice. Moreover, sea ice in the Arctic has exhibited pronounced declines over the same period, consistent with global climate model simulations. For these reasons, the behavior of Antarctic sea ice has presented a conundrum for global climate change science. The National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine held a workshop in January 2016, to bring together scientists with different sets of expertise and perspectives to further explore potential mechanisms driving the evolution of recent Antarctic sea ice variability and to discuss ways to advance understanding of Antarctic sea ice and its relationship to the broader ocean-climate system. This publication summarizes the presentations and discussions from the workshop.

Author : J.D. Hansom,John Gordon
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 417 pages
File Size : 42,5 Mb
Release : 2014-06-03
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781317897057

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Antarctic Environments and Resources by J.D. Hansom,John Gordon Pdf

Antarctica is no longer a 'pole apart'. From a scientific perspective, the Antarctic ice sheet, ocean and climate systems are intimately linked with the global climate and are now seen to be of international significance for understanding climate change. From an economic perspective, the Antarctic is perceived to have great potential as a source of marine resources although the extent of speculated mineral and hydrocarbon resources is unknown. From a conservation perspective, the continent of Antarctica represents the ideal image of unspoiled wilderness. Antarctic Environments and Resources is an accessible and timely new geography of the Antarctic which examines the differing and sometimes conflicting interests in the great southern continent, the Southern Ocean and the subantarctic islands against a background of the physical and natural systems of the region and their interactions. It charts the development of human involvement in the area, focusing on the exploitation of resources from early sealing to modern fisheries, tourism and science, and it assesses the consequent impacts on the natural environment. The text also reviews the emerging framework for future environmental management developed under the Antarctic Treaty System. This is an ideal text for undergraduates studying glacial geomorphology, environmental management, polar regions and the Antarctic.

Author : Alex D. Rogers,Nadine M. Johnston,Eugene J. Murphy,Andrew Clarke
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 585 pages
File Size : 54,6 Mb
Release : 2012-02-28
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781444347227

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Antarctic Ecosystems by Alex D. Rogers,Nadine M. Johnston,Eugene J. Murphy,Andrew Clarke Pdf

Since its discovery Antarctica has held a deep fascination for biologists. Extreme environmental conditions, seasonality and isolation have lead to some of the most striking examples of natural selection and adaptation on Earth. Paradoxically, some of these adaptations may pose constraints on the ability of the Antarctic biota to respond to climate change. Parts of Antarctica are showing some of the largest changes in temperature and other environmental conditions in the world. In this volume, published in association with the Royal Society, leading polar scientists present a synthesis of the latest research on the biological systems in Antarctica, covering organisms from microbes to vertebrate higher predators. This book comes at a time when new technologies and approaches allow the implications of climate change and other direct human impacts on Antarctica to be viewed at a range of scales; across entire regions, whole ecosystems and down to the level of species and variation within their genomes. Chapters address both Antarctic terrestrial and marine ecosystems, and the scientific and management challenges of the future are explored.

Author : International Council of Scientific Unions. Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 912 pages
File Size : 48,6 Mb
Release : 1997-08-28
Category : Nature
ISBN : 0521480337

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Antarctic Communities by International Council of Scientific Unions. Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research Pdf

The study of Antarctic communities can provide a valuable step forward in investigating the control of community development, the utilization of habitats and the interaction among species in both species rich and species poor communities. This book contains chapters characterizing the present approaches to both aquatic and terrestrial communities in the Antarctic. From biodiversity to trophic flows, from ecophysiological strategies to the impacts of environmental change and the effects of human disturbance, this volume provides an up to the minute overview of community studies in an area covering ten percent of the Earth's surface.

Author : George A. Knox
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 640 pages
File Size : 53,6 Mb
Release : 2006-12-13
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781420005134

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Biology of the Southern Ocean, Second Edition by George A. Knox Pdf

First published in 1993, The Biology of the Southern Ocean has been referred to as international research at its best and an invaluable reference. Drawing on the considerable volume of information published in the last ten years, this second edition retains the format that made the first edition a popular bestseller, while updating the information with the latest research results available. The book begins with a description of the physico-chemical environment and, in a logical sequence, covers phytoplankton and primary production, the sea ice microbial communities and the secondary consumers, the zooplankton. The author includes an extended chapter on the biology and ecology of Antarctic krill that highlights its central position in the Southern Ocean food web. A series of chapters consider the higher consumers, nekton (with an emphasis on cephalopods) fish, seals, whales, and seabirds. The following chapters explore selected ecosystem components; the benthic communities, life beneath the fast ice and ice shelves, recent advances in understanding decomposition processes, and the role of bacteria and protozoa. The author synthesizes ecosystem dynamics, with an emphasis on the pelagic ecosystem. He covers resource exploitation, the impact of such exploitation on the marine ecosystem, and the problems involved in the management of the living resources. His epilogue summarizes the extent to which our understanding of the functioning of the Antarctic marine ecosystem has changed in the last 50 years; for example, there has been a dramatic change in our view of krill and its role in the Southern Ocean marine ecosystem. The book concludes with the statement that research carried out under the AGCS Programme and the Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research (SCAR) will continue to provide critical information on the functioning of Antarctic marine ecosystems. Intended for all those with an ongoing interest in Antarctic research, conservation, and management, this volume represents one of the most authoritative resources in the field as it covers all aspects of this important marine ecosystem.

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 296 pages
File Size : 44,7 Mb
Release : 1996
Category : Antarctica
ISBN : MINN:30000011027236

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Antarctic Journal of the United States by Anonim Pdf

Author : Linda Glover,Sylvia Earle
Publisher : Island Press
Page : 250 pages
File Size : 54,9 Mb
Release : 2012-09-26
Category : Nature
ISBN : 9781597267519

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Defying Ocean's End by Linda Glover,Sylvia Earle Pdf

If humankind were given a mandate to do everything in our power to undermine the earth's functioning, we could hardly do a better job than we have in the past thirty years on the world's oceans, both by what we are putting into it-millions of tons of trash and toxic materials-and by what we are taking out of it-millions of tons of wildlife. Yet only recently have we begun to understand the scale of those impacts. Defying Ocean's End is the result of an unprecedented effort among the world's largest environmental organizations, scientists, the business community, media, and international governments to address these marine issues. In June 2003, in the culmination of a year-long effort, they met specifically to develop a comprehensive and achievable agenda to reverse the decline in health of the world's oceans. As conservation organizations begin to expand their focus from land issues to include a major focus on preservation of the sea, it is increasingly apparent that we have to approach marine conservation differently and at much larger scale than we have to date. What's also clear is the magnitude and immediacy of the growing ocean concerns are such that no one organization can handle the job alone. Defying Ocean's End is a bold step in bringing the resources needed to bear on this vast problem before it is too late. It offers a broad strategy, a practical plan with priorities and costs, aimed at mobilizing the forces needed to bring about a "sea change" of favorable attitudes, actions, and outcomes for the oceans-and for all of us.

Author : Burney J. Le Beouf,Richard M. Laws
Publisher : Univ of California Press
Page : 434 pages
File Size : 41,8 Mb
Release : 2023-11-10
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780520328150

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Elephant Seals by Burney J. Le Beouf,Richard M. Laws Pdf

The largest of all seals, elephant seals rank among the most impressive of marine mammals. They are renowned for their spectacular recovery from near-extinction at the end of the nineteenth century when seal hunters nearly eliminated the entire northern species. No other vertebrate has come so close to extinction and made such a complete recovery. The physiological extremes that elephant seals can tolerate are also remarkable: females fast for a month while lactating, and the largest breeding males fast for over one hundred days during the breeding seasons, at which times both sexes lose forty percent of their body weight. Elephant seals dive constantly during their long foraging migrations, spending more time under water than most whales and diving deeper and longer than any other marine mammal. This first book-length discussion of elephant seals brings together worldwide expertise from scientists who describe and debate recent research, including the history and status of various populations, their life-history tactics, and other findings obtained with the help of modern microcomputer diving instruments attached to free-ranging seals. Essential for all marine mammalogists for its information and its methodological innovations, Elephant Seals will also illuminate current debates about species extinctions and possible means of preventing them. This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press’s mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1994.

Author : Volker Siegel
Publisher : Springer
Page : 441 pages
File Size : 40,9 Mb
Release : 2016-08-03
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783319292793

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Biology and Ecology of Antarctic Krill by Volker Siegel Pdf

This book gives a unique insight into the current knowledge of krill population dynamics including distribution, biomass, production, recruitment, growth and mortality rates. Detailed analysis is provided on food and feeding, reproduction and krill behaviour. The volume provides an overview on the aspects of natural challenges to the species, which involve predation, parasites and the commercial exploitation of the resource and its management. A chapter on genetics shows the results of population subdivision and summarizes recent work on sequencing transcriptomes for studying gene function as part of the physiology of live krill. The focus of Chapter 4 is on physiological functions such as biochemical composition, metabolic activity and growth change with ontogeny and season; and will demonstrate which environmental factors are the main drivers for variability. Further discussed in this chapter are the bottle necks which occur in the annual life cycle of krill, and the mechanisms krill have adapted to cope with severe environmental condition.

Author : Mark D. Schwartz
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 610 pages
File Size : 51,5 Mb
Release : 2013-07-30
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789400769250

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Phenology: An Integrative Environmental Science by Mark D. Schwartz Pdf

Phenology refers to recurring plant and animal life cycle stages, such as leafing and flowering, maturation of agricultural plants, emergence of insects, and migration of birds. It is also the study of these recurring events, especially their timing and relationships with weather and climate. Phenological phenomena all give a ready measure of the environment as viewed by the associated organism, and are thus ideal indicators of the impact of local and global changes in weather and climate on the earth’s biosphere. Assessing our changing world is a complex task that requires close cooperation from experts in biology, climatology, ecology, geography, oceanography, remote sensing, and other areas. Like its predecessor, this second edition of Phenology is a synthesis of current phenological knowledge, designed as a primer on the field for global change and general scientists, students, and interested members of the public. With updated and new contributions from over fifty phenological experts, covering data collection, current research, methods, and applications, it demonstrates the accomplishments, progress over the last decade, and future potential of phenology as an integrative environmental science.