Southern Ocean Ecology

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Biodiversity of the Southern Ocean

Bruno David,Thomas Saucède
Biodiversity of the Southern Ocean Book PDF

Author : Bruno David,Thomas Saucède
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 130 pages
File Size : 41,9 Mb
Release : 2015-10-20
Category : Nature
ISBN : 9780081004852

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Biodiversity of the Southern Ocean by Bruno David,Thomas Saucède Pdf

The Southern Ocean surrounding the Antarctic continent is vast, in particular, its history, its isolation, and climate, making it a unique "laboratory case" for experimental evolution, adaptation and ecology. Its evolutionary history of adaptation provide a wealth of information on the functioning of the biosphere and its potential. The Southern Ocean is the result of a history of nearly 40 million years marked by the opening of the Straits south of Australia and South America and intense cooling. The violence of its weather, its very low temperatures, the formation of huge ice-covered areas, as its isolation makes the Southern Ocean a world apart. This book discusses the consequences for the evolution, ecology and biodiversity of the region, including endemism, slowed metabolism, longevity, gigantism, and its larval stages; features which make this vast ocean a "natural laboratory" for exploring the ecological adaptive processes, scalable to work in extreme environmental conditions. Today, biodiversity of the Southern Ocean is facing global change, particularly in regional warming and acidification of water bodies. Unable to migrate further south, how will she cope, if any, to visitors from the North? Designed for curious readers to discover the immense ocean surrounding the most isolated and most inhospitable continent on the planet. Describes the Southern Ocean facing biodiversification due to global change Authored by scientists with experience of expeditions to the Southern Ocean

Southern Ocean Ecology

Sayed Z. El-Sayed
Southern Ocean Ecology Book PDF

Author : Sayed Z. El-Sayed
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 448 pages
File Size : 47,6 Mb
Release : 1994-02-24
Category : Nature
ISBN : 0521443326

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Southern Ocean Ecology by Sayed Z. El-Sayed Pdf

BIOMASS (Biological Investigations of Marine Antarctic Systems and Stocks) was a unique, large-scale, long-term, international research programme established in 1977 to investigate the ecology of the Southern Ocean. Its main aim was to gain a greater understanding of the biological systems and stocks in the marine Antarctic environment, thereby providing a sound basis for the future management of the living resources within this immense ocean. The programme was drawn to a close in 1991 and its completion marked by a colloquium which brought together key researchers to summarise and review the results obtained. This volume, arising from that colloquium, provides a succinct, state-of-the-art account of the ecology of the Southern Ocean and serves as a comprehensive record of this unique and successful international project.

Biology of the Southern Ocean

George A. Knox
Biology of the Southern Ocean Book PDF

Author : George A. Knox
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 648 pages
File Size : 55,9 Mb
Release : 2006-12-13
Category : Nature
ISBN : 1420005138

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Biology of the Southern Ocean by George A. Knox Pdf

First published in 1993, The Biology of the Southern Ocean has been referred to as international research at its best and an invaluable reference. Drawing on the considerable volume of information published in the last ten years, this second edition retains the format that made the first edition a popular bestseller, while updating the information

Antarctic Peninsula Region of the Southern Ocean

Eugene G. Morozov,Mikhail V. Flint,Vassily A. Spiridonov
Antarctic Peninsula Region of the Southern Ocean Book PDF

Author : Eugene G. Morozov,Mikhail V. Flint,Vassily A. Spiridonov
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 455 pages
File Size : 51,7 Mb
Release : 2022-01-01
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783030789275

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Antarctic Peninsula Region of the Southern Ocean by Eugene G. Morozov,Mikhail V. Flint,Vassily A. Spiridonov Pdf

The book is based on results from the Russian expedition in the region of the Antarctic Peninsula and Powell Basin in the northern part of the Weddell Sea, as well as on the review of earlier research in the region. The main goal of the research was to collect the newest data and study the physical properties and ecology of this key region of the Southern Ocean. Data analysis is supplemented with numerical modeling of the atmosphere-ocean interaction and circulation in the adjacent region, including research on rogue waves. The focus of the study was the Antarctic Circumpolar Current, currents and water properties in the Bransfield Strait and Antarctic Sound, properties of seawater, currents, ecosystem and biological communities in the Powell Basin of the northwestern Weddell Sea, and their variations. An attempt is made to reveal the role of various components of the Antarctic environment in the formation of biological productivity and maintenance of the Antarctic krill population. This is especially important as in the last decades the Antarctic environment has experienced significant changes related to the global climatic trends.

Biology of the Southern Ocean, Second Edition

George A. Knox
Biology of the Southern Ocean Second Edition Book PDF

Author : George A. Knox
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 640 pages
File Size : 49,8 Mb
Release : 2006-12-13
Category : Science
ISBN : 0849333946

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Biology of the Southern Ocean, Second Edition by George A. Knox Pdf

First published in 1993, The Biology of the Southern Ocean has been referred to as international research at its best and an invaluable reference. Drawing on the considerable volume of information published in the last ten years, this second edition retains the format that made the first edition a popular bestseller, while updating the information with the latest research results available. The book begins with a description of the physico-chemical environment and, in a logical sequence, covers phytoplankton and primary production, the sea ice microbial communities and the secondary consumers, the zooplankton. The author includes an extended chapter on the biology and ecology of Antarctic krill that highlights its central position in the Southern Ocean food web. A series of chapters consider the higher consumers, nekton (with an emphasis on cephalopods) fish, seals, whales, and seabirds. The following chapters explore selected ecosystem components; the benthic communities, life beneath the fast ice and ice shelves, recent advances in understanding decomposition processes, and the role of bacteria and protozoa. The author synthesizes ecosystem dynamics, with an emphasis on the pelagic ecosystem. He covers resource exploitation, the impact of such exploitation on the marine ecosystem, and the problems involved in the management of the living resources. His epilogue summarizes the extent to which our understanding of the functioning of the Antarctic marine ecosystem has changed in the last 50 years; for example, there has been a dramatic change in our view of krill and its role in the Southern Ocean marine ecosystem. The book concludes with the statement that research carried out under the AGCS Programme and the Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research (SCAR) will continue to provide critical information on the functioning of Antarctic marine ecosystems. Intended for all those with an ongoing interest in Antarctic research, conservation, and management, this volume represents one of the most authoritative resources in the field as it covers all aspects of this important marine ecosystem.

Whales of the Southern Ocean

Yuri Mikhalev
Whales of the Southern Ocean Book PDF

Author : Yuri Mikhalev
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 382 pages
File Size : 49,6 Mb
Release : 2020-01-28
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783030292522

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Whales of the Southern Ocean by Yuri Mikhalev Pdf

Based on actual data of Soviet whaling, and reliable methodologies that existed at the time when this monograph was written, it examines the distribution and migration patterns of whales of the Southern Ocean. It defines distinct populations on the basis of phenes, as well as whale breeding zones, which are located in the adjacent to the Southern Ocean waters at lower latitudes. The book records the presence of a new species of killer whale in the Southern Ocean - Orcinus nana. Prenatal growth patterns, pregnancy and lactation duration, mean sizes of new-born whales are determined. Methods for the graphic recording of registering structures are described, and an original method for their decoding is proposed to determine animal age. The age of sexual and physical maturity, life expectancy is determined. Earlier unknown “pair formations” on the lower jaw of baleen whales and sperm whales are described, together with their macro, histological and electronic microscopic structure. The impact of the extermination of whales on the Southern Ocean ecosystem is examined, recommendations for control of the current state of whale populations are given, and perspectives of whale population recovery are estimated. Regions that could be used as testing areas for whale registration method are defined. The book is intended for biologist-cytologists, ecologists and other specialists interested in cetaceans, and for biology students.

Antarctic Ocean and Resources Variability

Dietrich Sahrhage
Antarctic Ocean and Resources Variability Book PDF

Author : Dietrich Sahrhage
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 310 pages
File Size : 46,6 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783642737244

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Antarctic Ocean and Resources Variability by Dietrich Sahrhage Pdf

During the intensification of research activities in the Southern Ocean in recent years, both at national levels and through international cooperation in such projects as BIOMASS with its FIBEX and SIBEX phases, the need was felt increasingly for closer collaboration between biologists, meteorologists, and oceanographers in the study of the interaction between the atmospheric forces, the water masses, and the living resources. Better knowledge in this regard is not only of scientific interest but also of practical importance, especially for the management of the resources and the protection of the Antarctic marine ecosystem. As a follow-up on a recommendation by the IOC Program Group for the Southern Oceans made in March 1983, the Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission organized a meeting of experts on oceanography related to the dynamics of the Antarctic ecosystems. During this meeting, held in Kiel, Federal Republic of Ger many, in May 1984, biologists and oceanographers involved in BIOMASS activities met with the oceanographers of SCOR Working Group 74 to discuss ways and means for additional physical and chemical observations in the oceanographic research within BIOMASS. It was the time when large fluctuations in the distribution of krill with subsequent detrimental effects on predator species dependent on krill had just been observed, and the question arose whether this was possibly the result of changes in the Antarctic water circulation.

Biology and Ecology of Antarctic Krill

Volker Siegel
Biology and Ecology of Antarctic Krill Book PDF

Author : Volker Siegel
Publisher : Springer
Page : 441 pages
File Size : 52,8 Mb
Release : 2016-08-03
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783319292793

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Biology and Ecology of Antarctic Krill by Volker Siegel Pdf

This book gives a unique insight into the current knowledge of krill population dynamics including distribution, biomass, production, recruitment, growth and mortality rates. Detailed analysis is provided on food and feeding, reproduction and krill behaviour. The volume provides an overview on the aspects of natural challenges to the species, which involve predation, parasites and the commercial exploitation of the resource and its management. A chapter on genetics shows the results of population subdivision and summarizes recent work on sequencing transcriptomes for studying gene function as part of the physiology of live krill. The focus of Chapter 4 is on physiological functions such as biochemical composition, metabolic activity and growth change with ontogeny and season; and will demonstrate which environmental factors are the main drivers for variability. Further discussed in this chapter are the bottle necks which occur in the annual life cycle of krill, and the mechanisms krill have adapted to cope with severe environmental condition.

Ecological Geography of the Sea

Alan R. Longhurst
Ecological Geography of the Sea Book PDF

Author : Alan R. Longhurst
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 560 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 2010-08-03
Category : Science
ISBN : 0080465579

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Ecological Geography of the Sea by Alan R. Longhurst Pdf

This book presents an in-depth discussion of the biological and ecological geography of the oceans. It synthesizes locally restricted studies of the ocean to generate a global geography of the vast marine world. Based on patterns of algal ecology, the book divides the ocean into four primary compartments, which are then subdivided into secondary compartments. *Includes color insert of the latest in satellite imagery showing the world's oceans, their similarities and differences *Revised and updated to reflect the latest in oceanographic research *Ideal for anyone interested in understanding ocean ecology -- accessible and informative

Ecological Processes at Marine Fronts

Eduardo Marcelo Acha,Alberto Piola,Oscar Iribarne,Hermes Mianzan
Ecological Processes at Marine Fronts Book PDF

Author : Eduardo Marcelo Acha,Alberto Piola,Oscar Iribarne,Hermes Mianzan
Publisher : Springer
Page : 68 pages
File Size : 49,5 Mb
Release : 2015-02-20
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783319154794

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Ecological Processes at Marine Fronts by Eduardo Marcelo Acha,Alberto Piola,Oscar Iribarne,Hermes Mianzan Pdf

This book reviews and summarizes the results and hypotheses raised by studies directly or indirectly dealing with the ecology of fronts and aims to identify the themes that connect them to produce a synthesis of this knowledge. Though not immediately perceived the ocean is highly structured and fronts are one of the most important components of its structural complexity. Marine fronts have been known since the early 20th Century, however, the more recent availability of high resolution satellite imagery, field measurements and numerical simulations have greatly advanced our understanding of their ecological impact. This work touches on topics such as front types, its biology and its comparisons with other bounderies at sea, as well as comparisons of fronts with terrestrial boundaries and the ‘ecotone’ concept. Furthermore, it also looks at the management and conservation of marine life.

Biodiversity and Evolution of Parasitic Life in the Southern Ocean

Sven Klimpel,Thomas Kuhn,Heinz Mehlhorn
Biodiversity and Evolution of Parasitic Life in the Southern Ocean Book PDF

Author : Sven Klimpel,Thomas Kuhn,Heinz Mehlhorn
Publisher : Springer
Page : 226 pages
File Size : 41,6 Mb
Release : 2017-02-16
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9783319463438

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Biodiversity and Evolution of Parasitic Life in the Southern Ocean by Sven Klimpel,Thomas Kuhn,Heinz Mehlhorn Pdf

The Southern Oceans including Antarctic regions are peculiar and very sensitive water biotopes, where animal life and species interrelations are only poorly investigated. Especially the influence of parasites on their host species needs intensive consideration in times of global warming and worldwide pollution. Both factors may influence the finely balanced interrelationships between parasites and endangered hosts especially in specialized regions such as Antarctica. Before this background the present book offers a broad spectrum of important parasite-host interrelations in times of ecosystem changes written by experienced and renown international specialists.

Oceanography and Marine Biology

R. N. Gibson,R. J. A. Atkinson
Oceanography and Marine Biology Book PDF

Author : R. N. Gibson,R. J. A. Atkinson
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 666 pages
File Size : 45,5 Mb
Release : 2003-07-31
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781134523078

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Oceanography and Marine Biology by R. N. Gibson,R. J. A. Atkinson Pdf

Interest in oceanography and marine biology and its relevance to global environmental issues continues to increase, creating a demand for authoritative reviews that summarize recent research. Oceanography and Marine Biology: An Annual Review has catered to this demand since its foundation, by the late Harold Barnes, more than 40 years ago. It is an

Ecological Studies in the Antarctic Sea Ice Zone

Wolf E. Arntz,Andrew Clarke
Ecological Studies in the Antarctic Sea Ice Zone Book PDF

Author : Wolf E. Arntz,Andrew Clarke
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 295 pages
File Size : 48,7 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783642594199

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Ecological Studies in the Antarctic Sea Ice Zone by Wolf E. Arntz,Andrew Clarke Pdf

Ten years ago Polar Biology published the book, Weddell Sea Ecology, containing the European "Polarstern" study EPOS in the Weddell Sea and Peninsula waters 1988/89. In certain respects, the present collection of papers, first published in Polar Biology in 2001, is a follow-up as it combines papers partly based on three "Polarstern" expeditions to the same region. Further articles relate to both land-based and shipborne studies, again primarily in the Atlantic sector and around the Antarctic Peninsula. The SCAR programme, "Ecology of the Antarctic Sea Ice Zone" (EASIZ), served as an umbrella for a truly international cooperation. Although funding came exclusively from national sources, 40% of the scientists on board "Polarstern" were foreigners. Out of the 35 papers of the present volume not less than 14 papers have multinational authorship. The scope of EASIZ is wider ilian the Southern Ocean Studies in JGOFS and GLOBEC. The Contents reflect emphasis on the study of benthos, which hitherto had not received the necessary attention in the attempt to understand key questions of evolution and zoogeography of fauna from the Southern Hemisphere. The information collected under EASIZ enhanced greatly our recognition of the rather high biodiversity of ilie Antarctic shelf benthos. In order to extend these studies to ilie deeper continental slopes and the deep sea, "Polarstern" is presently on her way for ilie first international survey of deep-sea benthos in the Atlantic sector of ilie Southern Ocean.

Oceanography and Marine Biology

S. J. Hawkins,A. J. Evans,A.C. Dale,L. B. Firth,I. P. Smith
Oceanography and Marine Biology Book PDF

Author : S. J. Hawkins,A. J. Evans,A.C. Dale,L. B. Firth,I. P. Smith
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 510 pages
File Size : 42,6 Mb
Release : 2018-09-03
Category : Nature
ISBN : 9780429845765

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Oceanography and Marine Biology by S. J. Hawkins,A. J. Evans,A.C. Dale,L. B. Firth,I. P. Smith Pdf

Chapter 3 of this book is freely available as a downloadable Open Access PDF under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives 3.0 license. https://s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com/tandfbis/rt-files/docs/Open+Access+Chapters/9781138318625_oachapter3.pdf Oceanography and Marine Biology: An Annual Review remains one of the most cited sources in marine science and oceanography. The ever increasing interest in work in oceanography and marine biology and its relevance to global environmental issues, especially global climate change and its impacts, creates a demand for authoritative reviews summarizing the results of recent research. OMBAR has catered to this demand since its foundation more than 50 years ago. Following the favourable reception and complimentary reviews accorded to all the volumes, Volume 56 continues to regard the marine sciences—with all their various aspects—as a unity. Physical, chemical, and biological aspects of marine science are dealt with by experts actively engaged in these fields, and every chapter is peer-reviewed by other experts working actively in the specific areas of interest. The series is an essential reference text for researchers and students in all fields of marine science and related subjects, and it finds a place in libraries of universities, marine laboratories, research institutes and government departments.

Ecosystems of the Deep Oceans

P.A. Tyler
Ecosystems of the Deep Oceans Book PDF

Author : P.A. Tyler
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 582 pages
File Size : 47,9 Mb
Release : 2003-03-27
Category : Science
ISBN : 008049465X

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Ecosystems of the Deep Oceans by P.A. Tyler Pdf

This volume examines the deep sea ecosystem from a variety of perspectives. The initial chapters examine the deep-sea floor, the deep pelagic environment and the more specialised chemosynthetic environments of hydrothermal vents and cold seeps. These environments are examined from the perspective of the relationship of deep-sea animals to their physico-chemical environment. Later chapters examine the biogeography of the main deep oceans (Atlantic, Pacific and Indian) with particular attention to the downward flux of surface-derived organic matter and how this drives the processes within the deep-sea ecosystem. The peripheral deep seas including the polar seas and the marginal deep seas (inter alia the Mediterranean, Red, Caribbean and Okhotsk seas) are explored in the same context. The final chapters examine the processes occurring in the deep sea and include an analysis of why the deep sea has high species diversity, how the fauna respond to organic input and how species have adapted reproductive activity in the deep sea. The volume concludes with an analysis of the anthropogenic impact on the deep sea.