Anthrax In Humans And Animals

Author : World Health Organization
Publisher : World Health Organization
Page : 219 pages
File Size : 55,5 Mb
Release : 2008
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9789241547536

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Anthrax in Humans and Animals by World Health Organization Pdf

This fourth edition of the anthrax guidelines encompasses a systematic review of the extensive new scientific literature and relevant publications up to end 2007 including all the new information that emerged in the 3-4 years after the anthrax letter events. This updated edition provides information on the disease and its importance, its etiology and ecology, and offers guidance on the detection, diagnostic, epidemiology, disinfection and decontamination, treatment and prophylaxis procedures, as well as control and surveillance processes for anthrax in humans and animals. With two rounds of a rigorous peer-review process, it is a relevant source of information for the management of anthrax in humans and animals.

Author : American Council on Science and Health
Publisher : Am Cncl on Science, Health
Page : 36 pages
File Size : 54,9 Mb
Release : 2003
Category : Anthrax
ISBN : 8210379456XXX

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Anthrax: What You Need to Know by American Council on Science and Health Pdf

Author : Institute of Medicine,Medical Follow-up Agency,Committee to Assess the Safety and Efficacy of the Anthrax Vaccine
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 288 pages
File Size : 40,7 Mb
Release : 2002-04-18
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780309182744

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The Anthrax Vaccine by Institute of Medicine,Medical Follow-up Agency,Committee to Assess the Safety and Efficacy of the Anthrax Vaccine Pdf

The vaccine used to protect humans against the anthrax disease, called Anthrax Vaccine Adsorbed (AVA), was licensed in 1970. It was initially used to protect people who might be exposed to anthrax where they worked, such as veterinarians and textile plant workers who process animal hair. When the U. S. military began to administer the vaccine, then extended a plan for the mandatory vaccination of all U. S. service members, some raised concerns about the safety and efficacy of AVA and the manufacture of the vaccine. In response to these and other concerns, Congress directed the Department of Defense to support an independent examination of AVA. The Anthrax Vaccine: Is It Safe? Does It Work? reports the study's conclusion that the vaccine is acceptably safe and effective in protecting humans against anthrax. The book also includes a description of advances needed in main areas: improving the way the vaccine is now used, expanding surveillance efforts to detect side effects from its use, and developing a better vaccine.

Author : National Research Council,Policy and Global Affairs,Committee on Science, Technology, and Law,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Life Sciences,Committee on Review of the Scientific Approaches Used During the FBI's Investigation of the 2001 Bacillus anthracis Mailings
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 191 pages
File Size : 46,7 Mb
Release : 2011-07-01
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780309187190

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Review of the Scientific Approaches Used During the FBI's Investigation of the 2001 Anthrax Letters by National Research Council,Policy and Global Affairs,Committee on Science, Technology, and Law,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Life Sciences,Committee on Review of the Scientific Approaches Used During the FBI's Investigation of the 2001 Bacillus anthracis Mailings Pdf

Less than a month after the September 11, 2001 attacks, letters containing spores of anthrax bacteria (Bacillus anthracis, or B. anthracis) were sent through the U.S. mail. Between October 4 and November 20, 2001, 22 individuals developed anthrax; 5 of the cases were fatal. During its investigation of the anthrax mailings, the FBI worked with other federal agencies to coordinate and conduct scientific analyses of the anthrax letter spore powders, environmental samples, clinical samples, and samples collected from laboratories that might have been the source of the letter-associated spores. The agency relied on external experts, including some who had developed tests to differentiate among strains of B. anthracis. In 2008, seven years into the investigation, the FBI asked the National Research Council (NRC) of the National Academy of Sciences (NAS) to conduct an independent review of the scientific approaches used during the investigation of the 2001 B. anthracis mailings. Review of the Scientific Approaches Used During the FBI's Investigation of the Anthrax Letters evaluates the scientific foundation for the techniques used by the FBI to determine whether these techniques met appropriate standards for scientific reliability and for use in forensic validation, and whether the FBI reached appropriate scientific conclusions from its use of these techniques. This report reviews and assesses scientific evidence considered in connection with the 2001 Bacillus anthracis mailings.

Author : Jeanne Guillemin
Publisher : Univ of California Press
Page : 367 pages
File Size : 41,7 Mb
Release : 1999
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9780520229174

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Anthrax by Jeanne Guillemin Pdf

This book has implications in an era of growing concern over chemical and biological weapons.

Author : Abdelmalik I. Khalafalla,Mansour F. Hussein
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 304 pages
File Size : 42,8 Mb
Release : 2021-11-16
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9783030793890

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Infectious Diseases of Dromedary Camels by Abdelmalik I. Khalafalla,Mansour F. Hussein Pdf

This book serves as a comprehensive yet concise reference guide reviewing the latest knowledge on bacterial, viral, fungal and parasitic infectious diseases of old world dromedary camels. Pathogen etiology, clinical manifestations and diagnostic techniques are provided for each pathogen and disease prevention and treatment strategies are discussed. Despite a steady increase in camel husbandry worldwide, the pathologies of camel diseases are still relatively under investigated in comparison to other livestock and companion animals. With an ongoing worldwide prevalence increase, infectious diseases are a constant threat to animal and human health. In recent years dromedary camels have become a focus of increasing public health interest since they have been considered the direct source of zoonotic transmission of MERS-CoV to humans. Along these lines, the book covers topics related to zoonotic infections associated with camels. This book offers a valuable source of information for veterinary clinicians, researchers, graduate students, veterinary technicians and interested laymen.

Author : Hongjun Li
Publisher : Springer
Page : 408 pages
File Size : 48,6 Mb
Release : 2015-08-21
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9789401798761

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Radiology of Infectious Diseases: Volume 2 by Hongjun Li Pdf

This book provides a comprehensive overview of diagnostic imaging in infectious diseases. It starts with a general review of infection diseases, including their classification, characteristics and epidemiology. In separate chapters, the authors then introduce the radionuclide imaging of 50 kinds of infectious diseases. Volume 1 covers 21 viral infections. Volume 2 has 29 chapters discussing 24 bacterial infections and 5 parasitic infections. Each disease is clearly illustrated using cases combined with high-quality computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The book provides a valuable reference source for radiologists and doctors working in the area of infectious diseases.

Author : Theresa Koehler
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 190 pages
File Size : 45,8 Mb
Release : 2002-07-24
Category : Medical
ISBN : 3540434976

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Anthrax by Theresa Koehler Pdf

Bacillus anthracis causes anthrax in all mammals, including humans. Depending upon the route of entry of B. anthracis spores, infection can result in cutaneous lesions, which are readily treatable with antibiotics, or systemic lethal disease, which is nearly always fatal. The continuing worldwide incidence of anthrax in animal populations, the risk of human infection associated with animal outbreaks, and the threat of use of B. anthracis as a biological weapon warrant continued investigation of this organisms and its virulence mechanims. Furthermore, B. anthracis is an excellent model system for inverstigation of virulence gene expression by bacteria.

Author : Phyllis E. Kozarsky,Paul M. Arguin,Ava W. Navin
Publisher : Mosby
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 44,8 Mb
Release : 2005
Category : Travel
ISBN : 032303716X

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Health Information for International Travel 2005-2006 by Phyllis E. Kozarsky,Paul M. Arguin,Ava W. Navin Pdf

The cutting-edge new edition of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's famed "Yellow Book" is the most authoritative guide of its kind, with vital pre-travel healthcare tips and essential information on health risks abroad. It includes vaccination recommendations and disease prevention strategies for HIV/AIDS, cholera, hepatitis, influenza, plague, SARS, smallpox, viral hemorrhagic fevers, and many other illnesses.

Author : Jack Botting
Publisher : Open Book Publishers
Page : 244 pages
File Size : 52,7 Mb
Release : 2015-05-04
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781783741175

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Animals and Medicine by Jack Botting Pdf

Animals and Medicine: The Contribution of Animal Experiments to the Control of Disease offers a detailed, scholarly historical review of the critical role animal experiments have played in advancing medical knowledge. Laboratory animals have been essential to this progress, and the knowledge gained has saved countless lives—both human and animal. Unfortunately, those opposed to using animals in research have often employed doctored evidence to suggest that the practice has impeded medical progress. This volume presents the articles Jack Botting wrote for the Research Defence Society News from 1991 to 1996, papers which provided scientists with the information needed to rebut such claims. Collected, they can now reach a wider readership interested in understanding the part of animal experiments in the history of medicine—from the discovery of key vaccines to the advancement of research on a range of diseases, among them hypertension, kidney failure and cancer.This book is essential reading for anyone curious about the role of animal experimentation in the history of science from the nineteenth century to the present.

Author : Anita Guerrini
Publisher : JHU Press
Page : 198 pages
File Size : 44,5 Mb
Release : 2003-07-02
Category : History
ISBN : 0801871972

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Experimenting with Humans and Animals by Anita Guerrini Pdf

Ethical questions about the use of animals and humans in research remain among the most vexing within both the scientific community and society at large. These often rancorous arguments have gone on, however, with little awareness of their historical antecedents. Experimentation on animals and particularly humans is often assumed to be a uniquely modern phenomenon, but the ideas and attitudes that encourage the biological and medical sciences to experiment on living creatures date from the earliest expression of Western thought. Here, Anita Guerrini looks at the history of these practices from vivisection in ancient Alexandria to present-day battles over animal rights and medical research employing human subjects. Guerrini discusses key historical episodes, including the discovery of blood circulation, the development of smallpox and polio vaccines, and recent AIDS research. She also explores the rise of the antivivisection movement in Victorian England, the modern animal rights movement, and current debates over gene therapy.--From publisher description.

Author : Norman F. Cheville
Publisher : Purdue University Press
Page : 264 pages
File Size : 50,5 Mb
Release : 2021-03-15
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781612497563

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Pioneer Science and the Great Plagues by Norman F. Cheville Pdf

Pioneer Science and the Great Plagues covers the century when infectious plagues—anthrax, tuberculosis, tetanus, plague, smallpox, and polio—were conquered, and details the important role that veterinary scientists played. The narrative is driven by astonishing events that centered on animal disease: the influenza pandemic of 1872, discovery of the causes of anthrax and tuberculosis in the 1880s, conquest of Texas cattle fever and then yellow fever, German anthrax attacks on the United States during World War I, the tuberculin war of 1931, Japanese biological warfare in the 1940s, and today’s bioterror dangers. Veterinary science in the rural Midwest arose from agriculture, but in urban Philadelphia it came from medicine; similar differences occurred in Canada between Toronto and Montreal. As land-grant colleges were established after the American Civil War, individual states followed divergent pathways in supporting veterinary science. Some employed a trade school curriculum that taught agriculturalists to empirically treat animal diseases and others emphasized a curriculum tied to science. This pattern continued for a century, but today some institutions have moved back to the trade school philosophy. Avoiding lessons of the 1910 Flexner Report on medical education reform, university-associated veterinary schools are being approved that do not have control of their own veterinary hospitals, diagnostic laboratories, and research institutes—components that are critical for training students in science. Underlying this change were twin idiosyncrasies of culture—disbelief in science and distrust of government—that spawned scientology, creationism, anti-vaccination movements, and other anti-science scams. As new infectious plagues continue to arise, Pioneer Science and the Great Plagues details the strategies we learned defeating plagues from 1860 to 1960—and the essential role veterinary science played. To defeat the plagues of today it is essential we avoid the digital cocoon of disbelief in science and cultural stasis now threatening progress.

Author : Michael R. Conover,Rosanna M. Vail
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 554 pages
File Size : 42,7 Mb
Release : 2014-09-18
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781466562141

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Human Diseases from Wildlife by Michael R. Conover,Rosanna M. Vail Pdf

Human Diseases from Wildlife presents information on the most prevalent and serious zoonotic diseases in the US and Canada, some of which have been national headline news like anthrax, influenza, and West Nile virus. Diseases that are caused by pathogens with the ability to infect both humans and animals are known as zoonotic diseases, which literally means "disease from animals." The issue of human–wildlife disease interactions is a growing concern as humans continue to interface with wildlife. People who handle wildlife including field workers, wildlife professionals, trappers, and hunters want to know about potential diseases, risks, and how to protect themselves from disease. This book was written because many people are uninformed about zoonotic diseases. This lack of information causes some people to have a heightened fear of zoonotic diseases, preventing them from enjoying wildlife or spending time outdoors. Other people needlessly expose themselves to disease by neglecting simple precautions. This book includes information on bacterial, spirochetal, rickettsial, and viral diseases as well as macroparasites and emerging zoonotic diseases. More than two dozen diseases are covered including rabies, tularemia, baylisascariasis, salmonellosis, leprosy, Lyme disease, Rocky Mountain spotted fever, and swimmer’s itch. Each chapter contains the history of the disease, symptoms in humans, medical treatment, transmission of pathogens to humans, the role of wildlife as vectors, and methods to minimize risk. The diseases people can contract from wild animals can be both threatening and fascinating, and the book includes interesting information to make it more enjoyable to read.

Author : Institute of Medicine,Board on Global Health,Forum on Emerging Infections
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 176 pages
File Size : 45,6 Mb
Release : 2002-04-09
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780309169738

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The Emergence of Zoonotic Diseases by Institute of Medicine,Board on Global Health,Forum on Emerging Infections Pdf

Zoonotic diseases represent one of the leading causes of illness and death from infectious disease. Defined by the World Health Organization, zoonoses are "those diseases and infections that are naturally transmitted between vertebrate animals and man with or without an arthropod intermediate." Worldwide, zoonotic diseases have a negative impact on commerce, travel, and economies. In most developing countries, zoonotic diseases are among those diseases that contribute significantly to an already overly burdened public health system. In industrialized nations, zoonotic diseases are of particular concern for at-risk groups such as the elderly, children, childbearing women, and immunocompromised individuals. The Emergence of Zoonotic Diseases: Understanding the Impact on Animal and Human Health, covers a range of topics, which include: an evaluation of the relative importance of zoonotic diseases against the overall backdrop of emerging infections; research findings related to the current state of our understanding of zoonotic diseases; surveillance and response strategies to detect, prevent, and mitigate the impact of zoonotic diseases on human health; and information about ongoing programs and actions being taken to identify the most important needs in this vital area.

Author : Rolf Bauerfeind,Alexander Von Graevenitz,Peter Kimmig,Hans Gerd Schiefer,Tino Schwarz,Werner Slenczka,Horst Zahner
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 548 pages
File Size : 41,6 Mb
Release : 2015-12-22
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781555819255

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Zoonoses by Rolf Bauerfeind,Alexander Von Graevenitz,Peter Kimmig,Hans Gerd Schiefer,Tino Schwarz,Werner Slenczka,Horst Zahner Pdf

Zoonoses are a persistent threat to the global human health Today, more than 200 diseases occurring in humans and animals are known to be mutually transmitted. Classical infectious diseases, such as rabies, plague, and yellow fever, have not been eradicated despite major efforts. New zoonotic diseases are on the increase due global conditions such as overpopulation, wars, and food scarcity, which facilitate human contact with rodents, stray animals, and their parasites. In addition, humans are unwittingly becoming accidental hosts and new links in an infectious chain by engaging in activities such as survival training, which involves camping in open areas and consumption of raw or insufficiently cooked food. Zoonotic infections cause a variety of symptoms that often do not provide clear evidence of a known disease. Zoonoses, Fourth Edition, describes most occurring worldwide zoonosis and facilitates the identification, diagnosis and treatment of zoonotic infections. Written by a team of doctors, medical microbiologists and veterinarians, this completely, revised edition covers all aspects of the epidemiology and prevention of zoonotic diseases through clear descriptions of various illnesses. Specifically, this fourth edition covers zoonosis caused by viruses, bacteria, fungi and parasites infections caused by animal bites infections and intoxications by animal foods Iatrogenic transmission of zoonotic pathogens Zoonoses is an indispensable reference for clinicians and laboratorians.