Review Of The Scientific Approaches Used During The Fbi S Investigation Of The 2001 Anthrax Letters

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Review of the Scientific Approaches Used During the FBI's Investigation of the 2001 Anthrax Letters

National Research Council,Policy and Global Affairs,Committee on Science, Technology, and Law,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Life Sciences,Committee on Review of the Scientific Approaches Used During the FBI's Investigation of the 2001 Bacillus anthracis Mailings
Review of the Scientific Approaches Used During the FBI s Investigation of the 2001 Anthrax Letters Book PDF

Author : National Research Council,Policy and Global Affairs,Committee on Science, Technology, and Law,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Life Sciences,Committee on Review of the Scientific Approaches Used During the FBI's Investigation of the 2001 Bacillus anthracis Mailings
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 191 pages
File Size : 50,6 Mb
Release : 2011-07-01
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780309187190

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Review of the Scientific Approaches Used During the FBI's Investigation of the 2001 Anthrax Letters by National Research Council,Policy and Global Affairs,Committee on Science, Technology, and Law,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Life Sciences,Committee on Review of the Scientific Approaches Used During the FBI's Investigation of the 2001 Bacillus anthracis Mailings Pdf

Less than a month after the September 11, 2001 attacks, letters containing spores of anthrax bacteria (Bacillus anthracis, or B. anthracis) were sent through the U.S. mail. Between October 4 and November 20, 2001, 22 individuals developed anthrax; 5 of the cases were fatal. During its investigation of the anthrax mailings, the FBI worked with other federal agencies to coordinate and conduct scientific analyses of the anthrax letter spore powders, environmental samples, clinical samples, and samples collected from laboratories that might have been the source of the letter-associated spores. The agency relied on external experts, including some who had developed tests to differentiate among strains of B. anthracis. In 2008, seven years into the investigation, the FBI asked the National Research Council (NRC) of the National Academy of Sciences (NAS) to conduct an independent review of the scientific approaches used during the investigation of the 2001 B. anthracis mailings. Review of the Scientific Approaches Used During the FBI's Investigation of the Anthrax Letters evaluates the scientific foundation for the techniques used by the FBI to determine whether these techniques met appropriate standards for scientific reliability and for use in forensic validation, and whether the FBI reached appropriate scientific conclusions from its use of these techniques. This report reviews and assesses scientific evidence considered in connection with the 2001 Bacillus anthracis mailings.

The 2001 Anthrax Deception

Graeme MacQueen
The 2001 Anthrax Deception Book PDF

Author : Graeme MacQueen
Publisher : SCB Distributors
Page : 214 pages
File Size : 48,6 Mb
Release : 2015-09-19
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780986073137

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The 2001 Anthrax Deception by Graeme MacQueen Pdf

The 2001 anthrax letter attacks in the United States killed five people and wounded dozens. They were widely blamed on extremist Muslims and their backers and used to support the invasions of Afghanistan and Iraq. They were also used to justify and hasten the passage of the USA PATRIOT Act, which was being presented to Congress just as the first anthrax victim grew ill. In October 2001, one of the hypotheses that gained ground was that of the Double Perpetrator, the claim that al-Qaeda was carrying out the attacks with the support of Iraq. Much evidence was put forth to support this Double Perpetrator hypothesis but independent scientists soon discovered that the anthrax spores came from a domestic lab in the US serving the military and intelligence communities, not from al-Qaeda or Iraq. The FBI then quickly claimed that an individual was responsible for the attacks and began noisily looking for this “lone wolf.” In 2008 the Bureau named Dr. Bruce Ivins of the US Army Medical Institute of Infectious Disease as the “anthrax killer.” Although the FBI remains committed to the Ivins hypothesis, the case has been disintegrating for the last three years. Currently, it is justly held in contempt not merely by scientists who worked with Ivins but by many journalists as well as several US senators. But this raises the question: if Ivins did not commit this crime, who did? This book presents evidence to support the following points: (a) The anthrax attacks were carried out by a group of perpetrators, not by a “lone wolf.” The attacks were, therefore, the result of a conspiracy— by definition a plan by two or more people, made in secret and resulting in an immoral or illegal act. (b) The group that carried out this crime consisted, in whole or in part, of insiders deep within the US state apparatus. (c) These insiders were the same people who planned the 9/11 attacks (d) The anthrax attacks were meant to facilitate a seizure of power by the executive branch of government through intimidation of Congress and US civil society. They were also designed to achieve public acquiescence to and support for the redefinition of US foreign policy, replacing the Cold War with a new and aggressive global conflict framework, the Global War on Terror.

Recounting the Anthrax Attacks

R. Scott Decker
Recounting the Anthrax Attacks Book PDF

Author : R. Scott Decker
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
Page : 301 pages
File Size : 55,8 Mb
Release : 2018-03-19
Category : Law
ISBN : 9781538101506

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Recounting the Anthrax Attacks by R. Scott Decker Pdf

It was September 18, 2001, just seven days after al-Qaeda hijackers destroyed the Twin Towers. In the early morning darkness, a lone figure dropped several letters into a mailbox. Seventeen days later a Florida journalist died of inhalational anthrax. The death from the rare disease made world news. These anthrax attacks marked the first time a sophisticated biological weapon was released in the United States. It killed five people, disfigured at least 18 more, and launched the largest investigation in the FBI’s history. Recounting the Anthrax Attacks explores the origins of the innovative forensics used in this case, while also explaining their historical context. R. Scott Decker’s team pursued its first suspect with dogged determination before realizing that the evidence did not add up. With renewed energy, they turned to non-traditional forensics—scientific initiatives never before applied to an investigation—as they continued to hunt for clues. These advances formed the new science of microbial forensics, a novel discipline that produced critical leads when traditional methods failed. The new technologies helped identify a second suspect—one who possessed the knowledge and skills to unleash a living weapon of mass destruction. Decker provides the first inside look at how the investigation was conducted, highlighting dramatic turning points as the case progressed until its final solution. Join FBI agents as they race against terror and the ultimate insider threat—a decorated government scientist releasing powders of deadly anthrax. Walk in the steps of these dedicated officers while they pursue numerous forensic leads before more letters can be sent until finally they confront a psychotic killer.

The Ethics And Biosecurity Toolkit For Scientists

Sture Judi
The Ethics And Biosecurity Toolkit For Scientists Book PDF

Author : Sture Judi
Publisher : World Scientific
Page : 332 pages
File Size : 46,5 Mb
Release : 2016-09-27
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781786340948

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The Ethics And Biosecurity Toolkit For Scientists by Sture Judi Pdf

This book is designed to be an easy-to-use guide to understanding the ethical and biosecurity implications of life science research. It provides a framework that will enable scientists, lab managers, researchers, students and teachers to anticipate how research may be used to cause harm, and to identify the steps that can be taken to minimise this risk. Life science research is covered by two international weapons treaties and the tools presented in this book will help scientists and researchers to meet their responsibilities under these conventions. This book will help you: Assess real and potential risks in relation to your workIdentify and implement a range of relevant ethical principles that need to be considered in your workUse an ethical framework to protect your work from misuse by others. If you've never been sure of how ethics relates to your work this toolkit will help you understand the challenges you do indeed face. Real-world case studies of biosecurity risks and failures will help scientists and all those who work to support science at all levels come to a new understanding of the widespread potential for misuse of research in the life sciences. By asking the questions set out in this book, scientists will be better able to recognise and reduce these risks. This framework is designed to be useful for senior scientists as well as students, and all researchers in between.

Review of Proposals for Research on Statistical Methodologies for Assessing Variables in Eyewitness Performance

National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Committee on Applied and Theoretical Statistics,Policy and Global Affairs,Committee on Science, Technology, and Law,Committee on the Review of Proposals for Research on Statistical Methodologies for Assessing Variables in Eyewitness Performance
Review of Proposals for Research on Statistical Methodologies for Assessing Variables in Eyewitness Performance Book PDF

Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Committee on Applied and Theoretical Statistics,Policy and Global Affairs,Committee on Science, Technology, and Law,Committee on the Review of Proposals for Research on Statistical Methodologies for Assessing Variables in Eyewitness Performance
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 37 pages
File Size : 45,9 Mb
Release : 2016-01-01
Category : Law
ISBN : 9780309449137

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Review of Proposals for Research on Statistical Methodologies for Assessing Variables in Eyewitness Performance by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Committee on Applied and Theoretical Statistics,Policy and Global Affairs,Committee on Science, Technology, and Law,Committee on the Review of Proposals for Research on Statistical Methodologies for Assessing Variables in Eyewitness Performance Pdf

Recognizing the importance of eyewitness identifications in courts of law and motivated by data showing that at least one erroneous eyewitness identification was associated with almost 75% of cases where defendants were later exonerated by DNA evidence, in 2013 the Laura and John Arnold Foundation asked the National Academy of Sciences to undertake an assessment of the scientific research on eyewitness identification and offer recommendations to improve eyewitness performance. The appointed committee issued its report, Identifying the Culprit: Assessing Eyewitness Identification, in 2014. In order to stimulate new and innovative research on statistical tools and the interrelationships between system and estimator variables, the Arnold Foundation in 2015 again called upon the National Academies. This report describes the development of the request for proposals, the processes followed by the committee as it evaluated the proposals, and the committee's assessment of the scientific merit and research design of the proposals.

The Princeton Guide to Evolution

David A. Baum,Douglas J. Futuyma,Hopi E. Hoekstra,Richard E. Lenski,Allen J. Moore,Cahterine L. Peichel,Dolph Schluter,Michael C. Whitlock
The Princeton Guide to Evolution Book PDF

Author : David A. Baum,Douglas J. Futuyma,Hopi E. Hoekstra,Richard E. Lenski,Allen J. Moore,Cahterine L. Peichel,Dolph Schluter,Michael C. Whitlock
Publisher : Princeton University Press
Page : 886 pages
File Size : 51,7 Mb
Release : 2017-03-21
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780691175874

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The Princeton Guide to Evolution by David A. Baum,Douglas J. Futuyma,Hopi E. Hoekstra,Richard E. Lenski,Allen J. Moore,Cahterine L. Peichel,Dolph Schluter,Michael C. Whitlock Pdf

The essential one-volume reference to evolution The Princeton Guide to Evolution is a comprehensive, concise, and authoritative reference to the major subjects and key concepts in evolutionary biology, from genes to mass extinctions. Edited by a distinguished team of evolutionary biologists, with contributions from leading researchers, the guide contains some 100 clear, accurate, and up-to-date articles on the most important topics in seven major areas: phylogenetics and the history of life; selection and adaptation; evolutionary processes; genes, genomes, and phenotypes; speciation and macroevolution; evolution of behavior, society, and humans; and evolution and modern society. Complete with more than 100 illustrations (including eight pages in color), glossaries of key terms, suggestions for further reading on each topic, and an index, this is an essential volume for undergraduate and graduate students, scientists in related fields, and anyone else with a serious interest in evolution. Explains key topics in some 100 concise and authoritative articles written by a team of leading evolutionary biologists Contains more than 100 illustrations, including eight pages in color Each article includes an outline, glossary, bibliography, and cross-references Covers phylogenetics and the history of life; selection and adaptation; evolutionary processes; genes, genomes, and phenotypes; speciation and macroevolution; evolution of behavior, society, and humans; and evolution and modern society

Biological Safety

Dawn P. Wooley,Karen B. Byers
Biological Safety Book PDF

Author : Dawn P. Wooley,Karen B. Byers
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 300 pages
File Size : 51,8 Mb
Release : 2020-07-02
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781555819637

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Biological Safety by Dawn P. Wooley,Karen B. Byers Pdf

Biological safety and biosecurity protocols are essential to the reputation and responsibility of every scientific institution, whether research, academic, or production. Every risk—no matter how small—must be considered, assessed, and properly mitigated. If the science isn't safe, it isn't good. Now in its fifth edition, Biological safety: Principles and Practices remains the most comprehensive biosafety reference. Led by editors Karen Byers and Dawn Wooley, a team of expert contributors have outlined the technical nuts and bolts of biosafety and biosecurity within these pages. This book presents the guiding principles of laboratory safety, including: the identification, assessment, and control of the broad variety of risks encountered in the lab; the production facility; and, the classroom. Specifically, Biological Safety covers protection and control elements—from biosafety level cabinets and personal protection systems to strategies and decontamination methods administrative concerns in biorisk management, including regulations, guidelines, and compliance various aspects of risk assessment covering bacterial pathogens, viral agents, mycotic agents, protozoa and helminths, gene transfer vectors, zooonotic agents, allergens, toxins, and molecular agents as well as decontamination, aerobiology, occupational medicine, and training A resource for biosafety professionals, instructors, and those who work with pathogenic agents in any capacity, Biological safety is also a critical reference for laboratory managers, and those responsible for managing biohazards in a range of settings, including basic and agricultural research, clinical laboratories, the vivarium, field study, insectories, and greenhouses.

American Anthrax

Jeanne Guillemin
American Anthrax Book PDF

Author : Jeanne Guillemin
Publisher : Macmillan
Page : 337 pages
File Size : 44,8 Mb
Release : 2011-09-13
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781429973151

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American Anthrax by Jeanne Guillemin Pdf

From Jeanne Guillemin, one of the world's leading experts on anthrax and bioterrorism, the definitive account of the anthrax investigation It was the most complex case in FBI history. In what became a seven-year investigation that began shortly after 9/11—with America reeling from the terror attacks of al Qaeda—virulent anthrax spores sent through the mail killed Bob Stevens, a Florida tabloid photo editor. His death and, days later, the discovery in New York and Washington, D.C. of letters filled with anthrax sent shock waves through the nation. Federal agencies were blindsided by the attacks, which eventually killed five people. Taken off guard, the FBI struggled to combine on-the-ground criminal investigation with progress in advanced bioforensic analyses of the letters' contents. While the criminal eluded justice, disinformation swirled around the letters, erroneously linking them to Iraq's WMD threat and foreign bioterrorism. Without oversight, billions were lavished on biomedical defenses against anthrax and other exotic diseases. Worst of all, faith in federal justice faltered. American Anthrax is a gripping tale of terror, intrigue, madness, and cover-up.

Introduction to Public Health

Mary-Jane Schneider
Introduction to Public Health Book PDF

Author : Mary-Jane Schneider
Publisher : Jones & Bartlett Learning
Page : 583 pages
File Size : 51,7 Mb
Release : 2020-03-06
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781284197594

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Introduction to Public Health by Mary-Jane Schneider Pdf

Introduction to Public Health Sixth Edition offers a thorough, accessible overview of the expanding field of public health for students new to its concepts and actors. Written in engaging, nontechnical language, this text explains in clear terms the multi-disciplinary strategies and methods used for measuring, assessing, and promoting public health.

Trends in Science and Technology Relevant to the Biological and Toxin Weapons Convention

National Research Council,International Union of Microbiological Societies,International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology,IAPâ¬"The Global Network of Science Academies,Chinese Academy of Sciences
Trends in Science and Technology Relevant to the Biological and Toxin Weapons Convention Book PDF

Author : National Research Council,International Union of Microbiological Societies,International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology,IAPâ¬"The Global Network of Science Academies,Chinese Academy of Sciences
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 56 pages
File Size : 54,8 Mb
Release : 2011-04-07
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9780309209328

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Trends in Science and Technology Relevant to the Biological and Toxin Weapons Convention by National Research Council,International Union of Microbiological Societies,International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology,IAPâ¬"The Global Network of Science Academies,Chinese Academy of Sciences Pdf

This report offers a summary of the substantive presentations during an international workshop, Trends in Science and Technology Relevant to the Biological and Toxin Weapons Convention, held October 31 - November 3, 2010 at the Institute of Biophysics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. It is meant to provide scientists and other technical experts with factual information about the range and variety of topics discussed at the workshop, which may be of interest to national governments and non-governmental organizations as they begin to prepare for the 7th Review Conference of the Biological and Toxin Weapons Convention (BWC) in 2011. The Beijing workshop reflected the continuing engagement by national academies international scientific organizations, and individual scientists and engineers in considering the biosecurity implications of developments in the life sciences and assessing trends in science and technology (S&T) relevant to nonproliferation. The workshop provided an opportunity for the scientific community to discuss the implications of relevant developments in S&T for multiple aspects of the BWC. Trends in Science and Technology Relevant to the Biological and Toxin Weapons Convention follows the structure of the plenary sessions at the workshop. It begins with introductory material about the BWC and current examples of the types and modes of science advice available to the BWC and other international nonproliferation and disarmament agreements, in particular the Chemical Weapons Convention (CWC). This report includes only a very brief description of the some of the post-presentation discussions held during the plenary sessions - and does not include an account of the small breakout groups - since these were intended to inform the committee's finding and conclusions and will be reflected in the final report.

Forensic DNA Applications

Dragan Primorac,Moses Schanfield
Forensic DNA Applications Book PDF

Author : Dragan Primorac,Moses Schanfield
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 533 pages
File Size : 53,9 Mb
Release : 2023-04-26
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780429672354

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Forensic DNA Applications by Dragan Primorac,Moses Schanfield Pdf

Forensic DNA Applications: An Interdisciplinary Perspective, Second Edition is fully updated to outline the latest advances in forensic DNA testing techniques and applications. It continues to fill the need for a reference book for people working in the field of forensic molecular biology testing and research as well as individuals investigating and adjudicating cases involving DNA evidence, whether they be civil or criminal cases. DNA techniques have greatly impacted obvious traditional forensic areas, but such advances have also positively affected myriad new areas of research and inquiry. It is possible today to think about solving forensic problems that were simply unheard of even a few years ago. As such, the book pulls all relevant research and applied science together into a detailed and comprehensive collection. Part I begins with the history and development of DNA typing and profiling for criminal and civil purposes. It discusses the statistical interpretation of results with case examples, mitochondrial DNA testing, Y single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and short tandem repeats (STRs), and X SNP and STR testing. It also explores low copy number DNA typing, mixtures, and quality assurance and control. Part II moves on to cover the various uses and applications of analyzing collected physical evidence, victim identification in mass disasters, analyzing animal DNA, forensic botany, and other unique applications. Part III is dedicated to the latest advances and developments in human molecular biology and Part IV looks at policies and laws and ethics governing DNA evidence, and its utilization in various cases and the courts. Forensic DNA Applications, Second Edition covers cutting-edge research and advancements in the field and is the most up-to-date reference available. Edited and contributed to by the world's foremost leaders in the field, it is a must-have reference for established professionals, and an essential resource to legal professionals—lawyers and judges dealing with civil and criminal cases involving DNA technology—as well as students entering the fields of genetics and forensic DNA analysis.

Global Health Security

Lawrence O. Gostin
Global Health Security Book PDF

Author : Lawrence O. Gostin
Publisher : Harvard University Press
Page : 353 pages
File Size : 44,8 Mb
Release : 2021-09-28
Category : Law
ISBN : 9780674976610

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Global Health Security by Lawrence O. Gostin Pdf

With lessons learned from COVID-19, a world-leading expert on pandemic preparedness proposes a pragmatic plan urgently needed for the future of global health security. The COVID-19 pandemic revealed how unprepared the world was for such an event, as even the most sophisticated public health systems failed to cope. We must have far more investment and preparation, along with better detection, warning, and coordination within and across national boundaries. In an age of global pandemics, no country can achieve public health on its own. Health security planning is paramount. Lawrence O. Gostin has spent three decades designing resilient health systems and governance that take account of our interconnected world, as a close advisor to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), the World Health Organization (WHO), and many public health agencies globally. Global Health Security addresses the borderless dangers societies now face, including infectious diseases and bioterrorism, and examines the political, environmental, and socioeconomic factors exacerbating these threats. Weak governance, ineffective health systems, and lack of preparedness are key sources of risk, and all of them came to the fore during the COVID-19 crisis, evenÑsometimes especiallyÑin wealthy countries like the United States. But the solution is not just to improve national health policy, which can only react after the threat is realized at home. Gostin further proposes robust international institutions, tools for effective cross-border risk communication and action, and research programs targeting the global dimension of public health. Creating these systems will require not only sustained financial investment but also shared values of cooperation, collective responsibility, and equity. Gostin has witnessed the triumph of these values in national and international forums and has a clear plan to tackle the challenges ahead. Global Health Security therefore offers pragmatic solutions that address the failures of the recent past, while looking toward what we know is coming. Nothing could be more important to the future health of nations.

Defense Against Biological Attacks

Sunit K. Singh,Jens H. Kuhn
Defense Against Biological Attacks Book PDF

Author : Sunit K. Singh,Jens H. Kuhn
Publisher : Springer
Page : 383 pages
File Size : 42,6 Mb
Release : 2019-05-02
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9783030030711

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Defense Against Biological Attacks by Sunit K. Singh,Jens H. Kuhn Pdf

This second volume of a two-volume set focuses on specific pathogens and their mechanisms of pathogenesis as well as diagnostics, therapeutics and various strategies in the event of biological attacks. This multidisciplinary book appeals to readers from various fields, including biodefense, biosafety & biosecurity, virology, neurology, molecular biology and genetic engineering, as well as infectious disease specialists. Further, the work is of interest to basic science and applied science research scholars and experts working in the area of high-consequence or select agent virology.

Science and Politics

Brent S. Steel
Science and Politics Book PDF

Author : Brent S. Steel
Publisher : CQ Press
Page : 633 pages
File Size : 49,9 Mb
Release : 2014-04-21
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781483346311

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Science and Politics by Brent S. Steel Pdf

Recent partisan squabbles over science in the news are indicative of a larger tendency for scientific research and practice to get entangled in major ideological divisions in the public arena. This politicization of science is deepened by the key role government funding plays in scientific research and development, the market leading position of U.S.-based science and technology firms, and controversial U.S. exports (such as genetically modified foods or hormone-injected livestock). This groundbreaking, one-volume, A-to-Z reference features 120-150 entries that explore the nexus of politics and science, both in the United States and in U.S. interactions with other nations. The essays, each by experts in their fields, examine: Health, environmental, and social/cultural issues relating to science and politics Concerns relating to government regulation and its impact on the practice of science Key historical and contemporary events that have shaped our contemporary view of how science and politics intersect Science and Politics: An A to Z Guide to Issues and Controversies is a must-have resource for researchers and students who seek to deepen their understanding of the connection between science and politics.

The Mirage Man

David Willman
The Mirage Man Book PDF

Author : David Willman
Publisher : Bantam
Page : 474 pages
File Size : 43,5 Mb
Release : 2011-06-07
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780345530219

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The Mirage Man by David Willman Pdf

For the first time, Pulitzer Prize–winning journalist David Willman tells the whole gripping story of the hunt for the anthrax killer who terrorized the country in the dark days that followed the September 11th attacks. Letters sent surreptitiously from a mailbox in New Jersey to media and political figures in New York, Florida, and Washington D.C. killed five people and infected seventeen others. For years, the case remained officially unsolved—and it consumed the FBI and became a rallying point for launching the Iraq War. Far from Baghdad, at Fort Detrick, Maryland, stood Bruce Ivins: an accomplished microbiologist at work on patenting a next-generation anthrax vaccine. Ivins, it turned out, also was a man the FBI consulted frequently to learn the science behind the attacks. The Mirage Man reveals how this seemingly harmless if eccentric scientist hid a sinister secret life from his closest associates and family, and how the trail of genetic and circumstantial evidence led inexorably to him. Along the way, Willman exposes the faulty investigative work that led to the public smearing of the wrong man, Steven Hatfill, a scientist specializing in biowarfare preparedness whose life was upended by media stakeouts and op-ed-page witch hunts. Engrossing and unsparing, The Mirage Man is a portrait of a deeply troubled scientist who for more than twenty years had unlimited access to the U.S. Army’s stocks of deadly anthrax. It is also the story of a struggle for control within the FBI investigation, the missteps of an overzealous press, and how a cadre of government officials disregarded scientific data while spinning the letter attacks into a basis for war. As The Mirage Man makes clear, America must, at last, come to terms with the lessons to be learned from what Bruce Ivins wrought. The nation’s security depends on it. From the Hardcover edition.