Anthropologists And The Rediscovery Of America 1886 1965

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Anthropologists and the Rediscovery of America, 1886–1965

John S. Gilkeson
Anthropologists and the Rediscovery of America 1886 1965 Book PDF

Author : John S. Gilkeson
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 128 pages
File Size : 42,8 Mb
Release : 2010-09-20
Category : History
ISBN : 9781139491181

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Anthropologists and the Rediscovery of America, 1886–1965 by John S. Gilkeson Pdf

This book examines the intersection of cultural anthropology and American cultural nationalism from 1886, when Franz Boas left Germany for the United States, until 1965, when the National Endowment for the Humanities was established. Five chapters trace the development within academic anthropology of the concepts of culture, social class, national character, value, and civilization, and their dissemination to non-anthropologists. As Americans came to think of culture anthropologically, as a 'complex whole' far broader and more inclusive than Matthew Arnold's 'the best which has been thought and said', so, too, did they come to see American communities as stratified into social classes distinguished by their subcultures; to attribute the making of the American character to socialization rather than birth; to locate the distinctiveness of American culture in its unconscious canons of choice; and to view American culture and civilization in a global perspective.

Anthropologists and the Rediscovery of America, 1886-1965

John S. Gilkeson
Anthropologists and the Rediscovery of America 1886 1965 Book PDF

Author : John S. Gilkeson
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 298 pages
File Size : 51,9 Mb
Release : 2014-05-14
Category : Cultural pluralism
ISBN : 0511932731

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Anthropologists and the Rediscovery of America, 1886-1965 by John S. Gilkeson Pdf

How a small group of anthropologists shaped American thought from the late nineteenth century until the mid-1960s.

The Franz Boas Papers, Volume 1

Franz Boas
The Franz Boas Papers Volume 1 Book PDF

Author : Franz Boas
Publisher : U of Nebraska Press
Page : 408 pages
File Size : 42,6 Mb
Release : 2015-08-01
Category : Biography & Autobiography
ISBN : 9780803269842

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The Franz Boas Papers, Volume 1 by Franz Boas Pdf

"The introductory volume to the Franz Boas Papers: Documentary Edition, which examines Boas' stature as public intellectual in three crucial dimensions: theory, ethnography and activism"--

American Antiquities

Terry A. Barnhart
American Antiquities Book PDF

Author : Terry A. Barnhart
Publisher : U of Nebraska Press
Page : 584 pages
File Size : 40,9 Mb
Release : 2015-11-01
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9780803284319

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American Antiquities by Terry A. Barnhart Pdf

Writing the history of American archaeology, especially concerning eighteenth and nineteenth-century arguments, is not always as straightforward or simple as it might seem. Archaeology’s trajectory from an avocation, to a semi-profession, to a specialized, self-conscious profession was anything but a linear progression. The development of American archaeology was an organic and untidy process, which emerged from the intellectual tradition of antiquarianism and closely allied itself with the natural sciences throughout the nineteenth century—especially geology and the debate about the origins and identity of indigenous mound-building cultures of the eastern United States. Terry A. Barnhart examines how American archaeology developed within an eclectic set of interests and equally varied settings. He argues that fundamental problems are deeply embedded in secondary literature relating to the nineteenth-century debate about “Mound Builders” and “American Indians.” Some issues are perceptual, others contextual, and still others basic errors of fact. Adding to the problem are semantic and contextual considerations arising from the accommodating, indiscriminate, and problematic use of the term “race” as a synonym for tribe, nation, and race proper—a concept and construct that does not, in all instances, translate into current understandings and usages. American Antiquities uses this early discourse on the mounds to frame perennial anthropological problems relating to human origins and antiquity in North America.

A Historiography of the Modern Social Sciences

Roger E. Backhouse,Philippe Fontaine
A Historiography of the Modern Social Sciences Book PDF

Author : Roger E. Backhouse,Philippe Fontaine
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 259 pages
File Size : 45,6 Mb
Release : 2014-09-22
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781107037724

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A Historiography of the Modern Social Sciences by Roger E. Backhouse,Philippe Fontaine Pdf

A Historiography of the Modern Social Sciences exposes parallels and contrasts in the way the histories of the social sciences are written.

The Poverty of the World

Sheyda F. A. Jahanbani
The Poverty of the World Book PDF

Author : Sheyda F. A. Jahanbani
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 401 pages
File Size : 54,6 Mb
Release : 2023-09-22
Category : History
ISBN : 9780199765911

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The Poverty of the World by Sheyda F. A. Jahanbani Pdf

In the middle of the twentieth century, liberal intellectuals and policymakers in the United States came to see poverty as a global problem. Applying Progressive era and Depression insights about the causes of poverty to the post-World War II challenges posed by the Cold War and decolonization, they developed new ideas about why poverty persisted. The problem, they argued, was that the poor at home and abroad were alienated from the enormous opportunities industrial capitalism provided. Left unsolved, that problem, they believed, would threaten world peace. In The Poverty of the World, Sheyda Jahanbani brings together the histories of US foreign relations and domestic politics to explain why, during a period of unprecedented affluence, Americans rediscovered poverty and supported major policy initiative to combat it. Revisiting a moment of triumph for American liberals in the 1940s, Jahanbani shows how the US's newfound role as a global superpower prompted novel ideas among liberal thinkers about how to address poverty and generated new urgency for trying to do so. Their sense of responsibility about deploying American knowledge and wealth as a beneficent force in the world, produced such foreign aid programs as the Peace Corps. As Americans came to recognize the problem beyond the country's borders, they turned the idea of "underdevelopment" inward to explain poverty in urban neighborhoods and rural communities at home, inspiring Lyndon Johnson's War on Poverty and his domestic peace corps, Volunteers in Service to America (VISTA). Drawing on a wide variety of archival material, Jahanbani reinterprets the lives and work of prominent liberal figures in postwar American social politics, from Oscar Lewis to John Kenneth Galbraith, Michael Harrington to Sargent Shriver, to show the global origins of their ideas. By tracing how American liberals invented the problem of "global poverty" and executed a war against it, The Poverty of the World sheds new light on the domestic impacts of the Cold War, the global ambitions of American liberalism, and the way in which key intellectuals and policymakers worked to develop an alternative vision of US empire in the decades after World War II.

Culture Writing

Tim Watson
Culture Writing Book PDF

Author : Tim Watson
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 256 pages
File Size : 54,6 Mb
Release : 2018-01-19
Category : Literary Criticism
ISBN : 9780190852689

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Culture Writing by Tim Watson Pdf

Focusing on the 1950s and early 1960s, Culture Writing argues that this period in Britain, the United States, France, and the Caribbean was characterized by dynamic exchanges between literary writers and anthropologists on both sides of the Atlantic. As the British and French empires collapsed and the United States rose to global power in the early Cold War, and as intellectuals from the decolonizing world challenged the cultural hegemony of the West, some anthropologists began to assess their discipline's complicity with empire and experimented with literary forms and technique. Culture Writing shows that the "literary turn" in anthropology took place earlier than has conventionally been assumed, in the 1950s rather than the 1970s and 80s. Simultaneously, some literary writers reacted to the end of the period of modernist experimentation by turning to ethnographic methods for representing the people and cultural practices of Britain, France, and the United States, bringing anthropology back home. There is analysis of literary writers who had a significant professional engagement with anthropology and brought some of its techniques and research questions into literary composition: Barbara Pym (Britain), Ursula Le Guin and Saul Bellow (United States), Édouard Glissant (Martinique), and Michel Leiris (France). On the side of ethnography, the book analyzes works by anthropologists who either explicitly or surreptitiously adopted literary forms for their writing about culture: Laura Bohannan (United States), Michel Leiris and Claude Lévi-Strauss (France), and Mary Douglas (Britain). Culture Writing concludes with an epilogue that shows how the literature-anthropology conversation continues into the postcolonial period in the work of Indian author-anthropologist Amitav Ghosh and Jamaican author-sociologist Erna Brodber.

Gods of the Upper Air

Charles King
Gods of the Upper Air Book PDF

Author : Charles King
Publisher : Anchor
Page : 482 pages
File Size : 46,6 Mb
Release : 2020-07-14
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9780525432326

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Gods of the Upper Air by Charles King Pdf

2020 Anisfield-Wolf Book Award Winner Finalist for the National Book Critics Circle Award From an award-winning historian comes a dazzling history of the birth of cultural anthropology and the adventurous scientists who pioneered it—a sweeping chronicle of discovery and the fascinating origin story of our multicultural world. A century ago, everyone knew that people were fated by their race, sex, and nationality to be more or less intelligent, nurturing, or warlike. But Columbia University professor Franz Boas looked at the data and decided everyone was wrong. Racial categories, he insisted, were biological fictions. Cultures did not come in neat packages labeled "primitive" or "advanced." What counted as a family, a good meal, or even common sense was a product of history and circumstance, not of nature. In Gods of the Upper Air, a masterful narrative history of radical ideas and passionate lives, Charles King shows how these intuitions led to a fundamental reimagining of human diversity. Boas's students were some of the century's most colorful figures and unsung visionaries: Margaret Mead, the outspoken field researcher whose Coming of Age in Samoa is among the most widely read works of social science of all time; Ruth Benedict, the great love of Mead's life, whose research shaped post-Second World War Japan; Ella Deloria, the Dakota Sioux activist who preserved the traditions of Native Americans on the Great Plains; and Zora Neale Hurston, whose studies under Boas fed directly into her now classic novel, Their Eyes Were Watching God. Together, they mapped civilizations from the American South to the South Pacific and from Caribbean islands to Manhattan's city streets, and unearthed an essential fact buried by centuries of prejudice: that humanity is an undivided whole. Their revolutionary findings would go on to inspire the fluid conceptions of identity we know today. Rich in drama, conflict, friendship, and love, Gods of the Upper Air is a brilliant and groundbreaking history of American progress and the opening of the modern mind.

Darwinism, Democracy, and Race

John P Jackson,David J. Depew
Darwinism Democracy and Race Book PDF

Author : John P Jackson,David J. Depew
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
Page : 253 pages
File Size : 55,5 Mb
Release : 2017-07-06
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781351810784

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Darwinism, Democracy, and Race by John P Jackson,David J. Depew Pdf

Cover -- Half Title -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Table of Contents -- Acknowledgments -- 1 Introduction: in the footsteps of Franz Boas -- 2 Franz Boas and the argument from presumption -- 3 Demarcating anthropology: the boundary work of Alfred Kroeber -- 4 Theodosius Dobzhansky and the argument from definition -- 5 Unifying science by creating community: the epideictic rhetoric of Sherwood Washburn -- 6 A kairos moment unmet and met: the controversy over Carleton Coon's The Origin of Races -- 7 Epilogue: the roots of the Sociobiology controversy, the infirmities of Evolutionary Psychology, and the unity of anthropology -- Index

The Lost Black Scholar

David A. Varel
The Lost Black Scholar Book PDF

Author : David A. Varel
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
Page : 304 pages
File Size : 48,7 Mb
Release : 2018-04-13
Category : History
ISBN : 9780226534916

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The Lost Black Scholar by David A. Varel Pdf

Allison Davis (1902–83), a preeminent black scholar and social science pioneer, is perhaps best known for his groundbreaking investigations into inequality, Jim Crow America, and the cultural biases of intelligence testing. Davis, one of America’s first black anthropologists and the first tenured African American professor at a predominantly white university, produced work that had tangible and lasting effects on public policy, including contributions to Brown v. Board of Education, the federal Head Start program, and school testing practices. Yet Davis remains largely absent from the historical record. For someone who generated such an extensive body of work this marginalization is particularly surprising. But it is also revelatory. In The Lost Black Scholar, David A. Varel tells Davis’s compelling story, showing how a combination of institutional racism, disciplinary eclecticism, and iconoclastic thinking effectively sidelined him as an intellectual. A close look at Davis’s career sheds light not only on the racial politics of the academy but also the costs of being an innovator outside of the mainstream. Equally important, Varel argues that Davis exemplifies how black scholars led the way in advancing American social thought. Even though he was rarely acknowledged for it, Davis refuted scientific racism and laid bare the environmental roots of human difference more deftly than most of his white peers, by pushing social science in bold new directions. Varel shows how Davis effectively helped to lay the groundwork for the civil rights movement.

Prophets and Ghosts

Samuel J. Redman
Prophets and Ghosts Book PDF

Author : Samuel J. Redman
Publisher : Harvard University Press
Page : 329 pages
File Size : 54,9 Mb
Release : 2021-10-19
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9780674979574

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Prophets and Ghosts by Samuel J. Redman Pdf

A searching account of nineteenth-century salvage anthropology, an effort to preserve the culture of ÒvanishingÓ Indigenous peoples through dispossession of the very communities it was meant to protect. In the late nineteenth century, anthropologists, linguists, archaeologists, and other chroniclers began amassing Indigenous cultural objectsÑcrafts, clothing, images, song recordingsÑby the millions. Convinced that Indigenous peoples were doomed to disappear, collectors donated these objects to museums and universities that would preserve and exhibit them. Samuel Redman dives into the archive to understand what the collectors deemed the tradition of the Òvanishing IndianÓ and what we can learn from the complex legacy of salvage anthropology. The salvage catalog betrays a vision of Native cultures clouded by racist assumptionsÑa vision that had lasting consequences. The collecting practice became an engine of the American museum and significantly shaped public education and preservation, as well as popular ideas about Indigenous cultures. Prophets and Ghosts teases out the moral challenges inherent in the salvage project. Preservationists successfully maintained an important human inheritance, sometimes through collaboration with Indigenous people, but collectorsÕ methods also included outright theft. The resulting portrait of Indigenous culture reinforced the publicÕs confidence in the hierarchies of superiority and inferiority invented by ÒscientificÓ racism. Today the same salvaged objects are sources of invaluable knowledge for researchers and museum visitors. But the question of what should be done with such collections is nonetheless urgent. Redman interviews Indigenous artists and curators, who offer fresh perspectives on the history and impact of cultural salvage, pointing to new ideas on how we might contend with a challenging inheritance.

The Cambridge History of American Modernism

Mark Whalan
The Cambridge History of American Modernism Book PDF

Author : Mark Whalan
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 948 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 2023-06-30
Category : Literary Criticism
ISBN : 9781108808026

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The Cambridge History of American Modernism by Mark Whalan Pdf

The Cambridge History of American Modernism examines one of the most innovative periods of American literary history. It offers a comprehensive account of the forms, genres, and media that characterized US modernism: coverage ranges from the traditional, such as short stories, novels, and poetry, to the new media that shaped the period's literary culture, such as jazz, cinema, the skyscraper, and radio. This volume charts how recent methodologies such as ecocriticism, geomodernism, and print culture studies have refashioned understandings of the field, and attends to the contestations and inequities of race, sovereignty, gender, sexuality, and ethnicity that shaped the period and its cultural production. It also explores the geographies and communities wherein US modernism flourished-from its distinctive regions to its metropolitan cities, from its hemispheric connections to the salons and political groupings that hosted new cultural collaborations.

Inside Science

Robert E. Kohler
Inside Science Book PDF

Author : Robert E. Kohler
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
Page : 272 pages
File Size : 46,9 Mb
Release : 2019-02-27
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780226618036

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Inside Science by Robert E. Kohler Pdf

Context and situation always matter in both human and animal lives. Unique insights can be gleaned from conducting scientific studies from within human communities and animal habitats. Inside Science is a novel treatment of this distinctive mode of fieldwork. Robert E. Kohler illuminates these resident practices through close analyses of classic studies: of Trobriand Islanders, Chicago hobos, corner boys in Boston’s North End, Jane Goodall’s chimpanzees of the Gombe Stream Reserve, and more. Intensive firsthand observation; a preference for generalizing from observed particulars, rather than from universal principles; and an ultimate framing of their results in narrative form characterize these inside stories from the field. Resident observing takes place across a range of sciences, from anthropology and sociology to primatology, wildlife ecology, and beyond. What makes it special, Kohler argues, is the direct access it affords scientists to the contexts in which their subjects live and act. These scientists understand their subjects not by keeping their distance but by living among them and engaging with them in ways large and small. This approach also demonstrates how science and everyday life—often assumed to be different and separate ways of knowing—are in fact overlapping aspects of the human experience. This story-driven exploration is perfect for historians, sociologists, and philosophers who want to know how scientists go about making robust knowledge of nature and society.

Change and Continuity in American Colleges and Universities

Nathan, M. Sorber
Change and Continuity in American Colleges and Universities Book PDF

Author : Nathan, M. Sorber
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 313 pages
File Size : 45,6 Mb
Release : 2020-09-14
Category : Education
ISBN : 9781000190540

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Change and Continuity in American Colleges and Universities by Nathan, M. Sorber Pdf

Change and Continuity in American Colleges and Universities explores major ideas which have shaped the history and development of higher education in North America and considers how these inform contemporary innovations in the sector. Chapters address intellectual, organizational, social, and political movements which occurred across the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, and have impacted the policies, scholarship, and practices enacted at a variety of public and private institutions throughout the United States. Topics addressed include the politics of racial segregation, the place of religion in Higher Education, and models of leadership. Through rigorous historical analyses of education reform cases, this text puts forward useful lessons on how colleges and universities have navigated change in the past, and may do so in the future. This text will be of interest to scholars, researchers, and students in the fields of Higher Education, administration and leadership, as well as the history of education and educational reform.

Freud in Cambridge

John Forrester,Laura Cameron
Freud in Cambridge Book PDF

Author : John Forrester,Laura Cameron
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 719 pages
File Size : 42,5 Mb
Release : 2017-03-09
Category : History
ISBN : 9780521861908

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Freud in Cambridge by John Forrester,Laura Cameron Pdf

The authors explore the influence of Freud's thinking on twentieth-century intellectual and scientific life within Cambridge and beyond.