Antibody Glycosylation

Author : Marija Pezer
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 588 pages
File Size : 42,7 Mb
Release : 2021-10-22
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9783030769123

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Antibody Glycosylation by Marija Pezer Pdf

This book summarizes recent advances in antibody glycosylation research. Covering major topics relevant for immunoglobulin glycosylation - analytical methods, biosynthesis and regulation, modulation of effector functions - it provides new perspectives for research and development in the field of therapeutic antibodies, biomarkers, vaccinations, and immunotherapy. Glycans attached to both variable and constant regions of antibodies are known to affect the antibody conformation, stability, and effector functions. Although it focuses on immunoglobulin G (IgG), the most explored antibody in this context, and unravels the natural phenomena resulting from the mixture of IgG glycovariants present in the human body, the book also discusses other classes of human immunoglobulins, as well as immunoglobulins produced in other species and production systems. Further, it reviews the glycoanalytical methods applied to antibodies and addresses a range of less commonly explored topics, such as automatization and bioinformatics aspects of high-throughput antibody glycosylation analysis. Lastly, the book highlights application areas ranging from the ones already benefitting from antibody glycoengineering (such as monoclonal antibody production), to those still in the research stages (such as exploration of antibody glycosylation as a clinical or biological age biomarker), and the potential use of antibody glycosylation in the optimization of vaccine production and immunization protocols. Summarizing the current knowledge on the broad topic of antibody glycosylation and its therapeutic and biomarker potential, this book will appeal to a wide biomedical readership in academia and industry alike. Chapter 4 is available open access under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License via link.springer.com.

Author : Ajit Varki,Maarten J. Chrispeels
Publisher : CSHL Press
Page : 694 pages
File Size : 47,5 Mb
Release : 1999
Category : Medical
ISBN : 0879696818

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Essentials of Glycobiology by Ajit Varki,Maarten J. Chrispeels Pdf

Sugar chains (glycans) are often attached to proteins and lipids and have multiple roles in the organization and function of all organisms. "Essentials of Glycobiology" describes their biogenesis and function and offers a useful gateway to the understanding of glycans.

Author : Xiaojie Yu,Kavitha Baruah,Christopher N. Scanlan,Max Crispin
Publisher : Elsevier Inc. Chapters
Page : 358 pages
File Size : 40,6 Mb
Release : 2013-08-06
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780128060315

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Antibody Fc by Xiaojie Yu,Kavitha Baruah,Christopher N. Scanlan,Max Crispin Pdf

The antibody Fc region is posttranslationally modified by N-linked glycosylation. In immunoglobulin G (IgG), the processing of the glycans is restricted by the presence of extensive interaction with the protein surface. The resulting set of antibody glycoforms exhibit a range of effector functions. In this chapter, we outline the impact of glycosylation on the immune function of antibodies and discuss the implications for monoclonal antibody and intravenous immunoglobulin therapies.

Author : Alexandra Castilho
Publisher : Humana
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 48,6 Mb
Release : 2015-06-17
Category : Science
ISBN : 1493927590

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Glyco-Engineering by Alexandra Castilho Pdf

Conceived with the intention of providing an array of strategies and technologies currently in use for glyco-engineering distinct living organisms, this book contains a wide range of methods being developed to control the composition of carbohydrates and the properties of proteins through manipulations on the production host rather than in the protein itself. The first five sections deal with host-specific glyco-engineering and contain chapters that provide protocols for modifications of the glycosylation pathway in bacteria, yeast, insect, plants and mammalian cells, while the last two sections explore alternative approaches to host glyco-engineering and selected protocols for the analysis of the N-glycans and glyco-profiling by mass spectrometry. Written for the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and extensive, Glyco-Engineering: Methods and Protocols offers vast options to help researchers to choose the expression system and approach that best suits their intended protein research or applications.

Author : Margaret Ackerman,Falk Nimmerjahn
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 376 pages
File Size : 42,6 Mb
Release : 2013-08-06
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780123948182

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Antibody Fc by Margaret Ackerman,Falk Nimmerjahn Pdf

Antibody Fc is the first single text to synthesize the literature on the mechanisms underlying the dramatic variability of antibodies to influence the immune response. The book demonstrates the importance of the Fc domain, including protective mechanisms, effector cell types, genetic data, and variability in Fc domain function. This volume is a critical single-source reference for researchers in vaccine discovery, immunologists, microbiologists, oncologists and protein engineers as well as graduate students in immunology and vaccinology. Antibodies represent the correlate of protection for numerous vaccines and are the most rapidly growing class of drugs, with applications ranging from cancer and infectious disease to autoimmunity. Researchers have long understood the variable domain of antibodies, which are responsible for antigen recognition, and can provide protection by blocking the function of their target antigen. However, recent developments in our understanding of the protection mediated by antibodies have highlighted the critical nature of the antibody constant, or Fc domain, in the biological activity of antibodies. The Fc domain allows antibodies to link the adaptive and innate immune systems, providing specificity to a wide range of innate effector cells. In addition, they provide a feedback loop to regulate the character of the immune response via interactions with B cells and antigen-presenting cells. Clarifies the different mechanisms of IgG activity at the level of the different model systems used, including human genetic, mouse, and in vitro Covers the role of antibodies in cancer, infectious disease, and autoimmunity and in the setting of monoclonal antibody therapy as well as naturally raised antibodies Color illustrations enhance explanations of the immune system

Author : Alain Beck
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 355 pages
File Size : 42,7 Mb
Release : 2013
Category : Biochemical engineering
ISBN : 1627033270

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Glycosylation Engineering of Biopharmaceuticals by Alain Beck Pdf

Glyco-engineering is being developed as a method to control the composition of carbohydrates and to enhance the pharmacological properties of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) and other proteins. In Glycosylation Engineering of Biopharmaceuticals: Methods and Protocols, experts in the field provide readers with production and characterization protocols of glycoproteins and glyco-engineered biopharmaceuticals with a focus on mAbs. The volume is divided in four complementary parts dealing with glyco-engineering of therapeutic proteins, glycoanalytics, glycoprotein complexes characterization, and PK/PD assays for therapeutic antibodies. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and cutting-edge, Glycosylation Engineering of Biopharmaceuticals: Methods and Protocols serves as an ideal guide for scientists striving to push forward the exciting field of engineered biopharmaceuticals.

Author : Irena Trbojević-Akmačić,Mohamed Abdel-Mohsen,David Falck,Erdmann Rapp
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
Page : 136 pages
File Size : 51,8 Mb
Release : 2022-06-14
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9782889763504

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Immunoglobulin Glycosylation Analysis: State-of-the-Art Methods and Applications in Immunology by Irena Trbojević-Akmačić,Mohamed Abdel-Mohsen,David Falck,Erdmann Rapp Pdf

Author : G. Subramanian
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 252 pages
File Size : 52,6 Mb
Release : 2004-03-31
Category : Medical
ISBN : 0306483157

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Antibodies by G. Subramanian Pdf

It is now over one hundred years since von Behring and Kitsato first concluded experiments that led to the use of passive immunisation, employing antibodies raised in animals against tetanus and diphtheria toxins. The advancement of technology both in manufacturing purity product in a cost effective way and the clinical research has proved that antibodies are one ofthe most successful products in biotechnology. Monoclonal antibodies account for between one-third and one-halfof all pharmaceutical products in development and human clinical trials. Both the nature of monoclonal antibody therapies and the relatively large size of the monoclonal antibody dictate the production requirements, for many ofthese therapeutics the monoclonal antibody product will be 100 kilogrammes or more per year. It is widely acknowledged that there is currently a worldwide shortage of biomanufacturing capacity, and the active pharmaceutical ingredient material requirements for these products are expected to increase. Thus the industry is looking for new sources and extensive studies are being carried out not only for alternative technology to meet the needs but also to reveal the new therapeutic applicationsofantibodies. This book brings to the forefront current advances in novel technologies for the manufacturing of monoclonal antibodies and also their extensive clinical importance. The first four chapters give an overview of the new technologies and the successful application in the manufacture of monoclonal antibodies with clinical purity. The next chapters address the application of antibodies in cancer therapy and functional genomic therapy.

Author : Alan Beck
Publisher : Humana Press
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 41,5 Mb
Release : 2013-03-09
Category : Medical
ISBN : 1627033262

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Glycosylation Engineering of Biopharmaceuticals by Alan Beck Pdf

Glyco-engineering is being developed as a method to control the composition of carbohydrates and to enhance the pharmacological properties of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) and other proteins. In Glycosylation Engineering of Biopharmaceuticals: Methods and Protocols, experts in the field provide readers with production and characterization protocols of glycoproteins and glyco-engineered biopharmaceuticals with a focus on mAbs. The volume is divided in four complementary parts dealing with glyco-engineering of therapeutic proteins, glycoanalytics, glycoprotein complexes characterization, and PK/PD assays for therapeutic antibodies. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular BiologyTM series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and cutting-edge, Glycosylation Engineering of Biopharmaceuticals: Methods and Protocols serves as an ideal guide for scientists striving to push forward the exciting field of engineered biopharmaceuticals.

Author : Roland E. Kontermann,Stefan Dübel
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 770 pages
File Size : 41,5 Mb
Release : 2010-03-10
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9783642011443

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Antibody Engineering Volume 1 by Roland E. Kontermann,Stefan Dübel Pdf

Antibodies are indispensable tools for research, diagnosis, and therapy. Recombinant approaches allow the modification and improvement of nearly all antibody properties, such as affinity, valency, specificity, stability, serum half-life, effector functions, and immunogenicity. "Antibody Engineering" provides a comprehensive toolbox covering the well-established basics but also many exciting new techniques. The protocols reflect the latest "hands on" knowledge of key laboratories in this still fast-moving field. Newcomers will benefit from the proven step-by-step protocols, which include helpful practical advice; experienced antibody engineers will appreciate the new ideas and approaches. The book is an invaluable resource for all those engaged in antibody research and development.

Author : William R Strohl,Lila M Strohl
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 697 pages
File Size : 54,6 Mb
Release : 2012-10-16
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781908818096

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Therapeutic Antibody Engineering by William R Strohl,Lila M Strohl Pdf

The field of antibody engineering has become a vital and integral part of making new, improved next generation therapeutic monoclonal antibodies, of which there are currently more than 300 in clinical trials across several therapeutic areas. Therapeutic antibody engineering examines all aspects of engineering monoclonal antibodies and analyses the effect that various genetic engineering approaches will have on future candidates. Chapters in the first part of the book provide an introduction to monoclonal antibodies, their discovery and development and the fundamental technologies used in their production. Following chapters cover a number of specific issues relating to different aspects of antibody engineering, including variable chain engineering, targets and mechanisms of action, classes of antibody and the use of antibody fragments, among many other topics. The last part of the book examines development issues, the interaction of human IgGs with non-human systems, and cell line development, before a conclusion looking at future issues affecting the field of therapeutic antibody engineering. Goes beyond the standard engineering issues covered by most books and delves into structure-function relationships Integration of knowledge across all areas of antibody engineering, development, and marketing Discusses how current and future genetic engineering of cell lines will pave the way for much higher productivity

Author : Falk Nimmerjahn
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 301 pages
File Size : 53,7 Mb
Release : 2013-05-22
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781461471073

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Molecular and Cellular Mechanisms of Antibody Activity by Falk Nimmerjahn Pdf

This book focuses on the function of antibodies in vivo. Recent years have seen an exponential growth in knowledge about the molecular and cellular mechanisms of antibody activity. These new results dramatically changed our view of how antibodies function in vivo. The importance of this class of molecules is demonstrated by the heightened susceptibility to infections of humans and mice with an altered capacity to generate pathogen specific antibody responses. Thus, the majority of our currently available vaccines, such as vaccines against influenza, measles and hepatitis focus on the generation of long lasting antibody responses. Recent evidence from a variety of in vivo model systems and from human patient cohorts has highlighted the exclusive role of cellular Fc-receptors for certain immunoglobulin isotypes and subclasses. With the recent discovery of a human Fc-receptor for IgM all different human immunoglobulin isotypes now have a cellular receptor, providing a feedback mechanism and link between antibodies and the cellular components of the immune system. Moreover it has become clear the complement and Fc-receptor system are tightly connected and regulate each other to ensure a well balanced immune response. Among the immunoglobulin isotypes IgG plays a very important protective role against microbial infections and also as a therapeutic agent to kill tumor cells or autoantibody producing B cells in autoimmune disease. Transfer of our knowledge about the crucial function of Fc-receptors has led to the production of a second generation of therapeutic antibodies with enhanced binding to this class of receptors. Binding of antibodies to Fc-receptors leads to the recruitment of the potent pro-inflammatory effector functions of cells from the innate immune system. Hence, Fc-receptors link the innate and adaptive immune system, emphasizing the importance of both arms of the immune system and their crosstalk during anti-microbial immune responses. Besides this pro-inflammatory activity immunoglobulin G (IgG) molecules are long known to also have an anti-inflammatory function. This is demonstrated by the use of high dose intravenous immunoglobulins as a therapeutic agent in many human autoimmune diseases. During the past five years several new insights into the molecular and cellular pathways of this anti-inflammatory activity were gained radically changing our view of IgG function in vivo. Several lines of evidence suggest that the sugar moiety attached to the IgG molecule is responsible for these opposing activities and may be seen as a molecular switch enabling the immune system to change IgG function from a pro- to an anti-inflammatory activity. There is convincing evidence in mice and humans that aberrant IgG glycosylation could be an important new pathway for understanding the impaired antibody activity during autoimmune disease. Besides this tremendous increase in basic knowledge about factors influencing immunoglobulin activity the book will also provide insights into how these new insights might help to generate novel therapeutic approaches to enhance IgG activity for tumor therapy on the one hand, and how to block the self-destructive activity of IgG autoantibodies during autoimmune disease on the other hand.

Author : Harleen Kaur,Dietmar Reusch
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 260 pages
File Size : 40,7 Mb
Release : 2021-08-03
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780128223192

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Monoclonal Antibodies by Harleen Kaur,Dietmar Reusch Pdf

Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) are naturally occurring complex biomolecules. New engineering methods have turned mAbs into a leading therapeutic modality for addressing immunotherapeutic challenges and led to the rise of mAbs as the dominant class of protein therapeutics. mAbs have already demonstrated a great potential in developing safe and reliable treatments for complex diseases and creating more affordable healthcare alternatives. Developing mAbs into well-characterized antibody therapeutics that meet regulatory expectations, however, is extremely challenging. Obstacles to overcome include the determination and development of physiochemical characteristics such as aggregation, fragmentation, charge variants, identity, carbohydrate structure, and higher-order structure (HOS). This book dives deep into mAbs structure and the array of physiochemical testing and characterization methods that need to be developed and validated to establish a mAb as a therapeutic molecule. The main focus of this book is on physiochemical aspects, including the importance of establishing quality attributes such as glycosylation, primary sequence, purity, and HOS and elucidating the structure of new antibody formats by mass spectrometry. Each of the aforementioned quality attributes has been discussed in detail; this will help scientists in researching and developing biopharmaceuticals and biosimilars to find practical solutions to physicochemical testing and characterization. Describes the spectrum of analytical tests and characterization methods necessary for developing and releasing mAb batches Details antibody heterogeneity in terms of size, charge, and carbohydrate content Gives special focus to the structural analysis of mAbs, including mass spectrometry analysis Presents the basic structure of mAbs with clarity and rigor Addresses regulatory guidelines - including ICH Q6B - in relation to quality attributes Lays out characterization and development case studies including biosimilars and new antibody formats

Author : Zhiqiang An
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 932 pages
File Size : 53,7 Mb
Release : 2011-09-20
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781118210260

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Therapeutic Monoclonal Antibodies by Zhiqiang An Pdf

70-chapter authoritative reference that covers therapeutic monoclonal antibody discovery, development, and clinical applications while incorporating principles, experimental data, and methodologies. First book to address the discovery and development of antibody therapeutics in their entirety. Most chapters contain experimental data to illustrate the principles described in them. Authors provide detailed methodologies that readers can take away with them and use in their own laboratories.

Author : David M. Goldenberg
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 574 pages
File Size : 43,7 Mb
Release : 2018-01-18
Category : Law
ISBN : 9781351087308

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Cancer Therapy with Radiolabeled Antibodies by David M. Goldenberg Pdf

Cancer Therapy with Radiolabeled Antibodies explores the most current experimental and clinical advances in the newly emerging field of cancer radioimmunotherapy (RAIT). Providing a multidisciplinary and international context, some of the world's leading experts examine the problems and prospects of RAIT from radiation, immunological, chemical, physical, physiological, and clinical perspectives with both overviews and original research. Discussions cover the up-to-date clinical results in the RAIT of ovarian, breast, colorectal, and brain cancers, as well as the current status of RAIT in the management of B cell lymphomas. Radiobiology, dosimetry, radiochemistry, targeting biology in experimental models, clinical experiences in hematopoietic and solid tumors, and new approaches to improve cancer radioimmunotherapy are also discussed. In addition, new dosimetry concepts, new labeling methods, new concepts of antibody pharmacokinetics, and new methods to enhance selective cancer radioimmunotherapy are included.