Application Of Toxicogenomics To Cross Species Extrapolation

Author : National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Life Sciences,Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology,Committee on Emerging Issues and Data on Environmental Contaminants,Committee on Applications of Toxicogenomics to Cross-Species Extrapolation
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 58 pages
File Size : 42,7 Mb
Release : 2006-04-24
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780309181686

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Application of Toxicogenomics to Cross-Species Extrapolation by National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Life Sciences,Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology,Committee on Emerging Issues and Data on Environmental Contaminants,Committee on Applications of Toxicogenomics to Cross-Species Extrapolation Pdf

Some of what we know about the health effects of exposure to chemicals from food, drugs, and the environment come from studies of occupational, inadvertent, or accident-related exposures. When there is not enough human data, scientists rely on animal data to assess risk from chemical exposure and make health and safety decisions. However, humans and animals can respond differently to chemicals, including the types of adverse effects experienced and the dosages at which they occur. Scientists in the field of toxicogenomics are using new technologies to study the effects of chemicals. For example, in response to a particular chemical exposure, they can study gene expression ("transcriptomics"), proteins ("proteomics") and metabolites ("metabolomics"), and they can also look at how individual and species differences in the underlying DNA sequence itself can result in different responses to the environment. Based on a workshop held in August 2004, this report explores how toxicogenomics could enhance scientists' ability to make connections between data from experimental animal studies and human health.

Author : William H. Benson,Richard T. Di Giulio
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 218 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 2006-12-13
Category : Mathematics
ISBN : 9781420043648

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Genomic Approaches for Cross-Species Extrapolation in Toxicology by William H. Benson,Richard T. Di Giulio Pdf

The latest tools for investigating stress response in organisms, genomic technologies provide great insight into how different organisms respond to environmental conditions. However, their usefulness needs to be tested, verified, and codified. Genomic Approaches for Cross-Species Extrapolation in Toxicology provides a balanced discussion drawn from

Author : Society of Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry
Publisher : S E T A C Press
Page : 187 pages
File Size : 54,7 Mb
Release : 2006-12
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 1880611880

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Genomic Approaches for Cross-Species Extrapolation in Toxicology by Society of Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry Pdf

Author : Darrell R. Boverhof,B. Bhaskar Gollapudi
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 470 pages
File Size : 44,7 Mb
Release : 2011-10-11
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781118008980

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Applications of Toxicogenomics in Safety Evaluation and Risk Assessment by Darrell R. Boverhof,B. Bhaskar Gollapudi Pdf

This book provides a timely overview of toxicogenomics, with special emphasis on the practical applications of this technology to the risk assessment process. Introductory sections are followed by a series of chapters highlighting practical and systematic applications of toxicogenomics in informing the risk assessment process – including the areas of mutagenicity, carcinogenicity, endocrine toxicity, organ-specific toxicity, population monitoring, and ecotoxicology. The book concludes with approaches for the integration of this technology in safety evaluation studies, and an outlook on how toxicogenomics and complementary technologies can reframe the current risk assessment paradigm.

Author : National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Life Sciences,Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology,Committee on Applications of Toxicogenomic Technologies to Predictive Toxicology
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 300 pages
File Size : 54,8 Mb
Release : 2007-11-19
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780309178891

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Applications of Toxicogenomic Technologies to Predictive Toxicology and Risk Assessment by National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Life Sciences,Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology,Committee on Applications of Toxicogenomic Technologies to Predictive Toxicology Pdf

The new field of toxicogenomics presents a potentially powerful set of tools to better understand the health effects of exposures to toxicants in the environment. At the request of the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, the National Research Council assembled a committee to identify the benefits of toxicogenomics, the challenges to achieving them, and potential approaches to overcoming such challenges. The report concludes that realizing the potential of toxicogenomics to improve public health decisions will require a concerted effort to generate data, make use of existing data, and study data in new waysâ€"an effort requiring funding, interagency coordination, and data management strategies.

Author : National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology,Committee on Improving Risk Analysis Approaches Used by the U.S. EPA
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 422 pages
File Size : 53,6 Mb
Release : 2009-03-24
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780309120463

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Science and Decisions by National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology,Committee on Improving Risk Analysis Approaches Used by the U.S. EPA Pdf

Risk assessment has become a dominant public policy tool for making choices, based on limited resources, to protect public health and the environment. It has been instrumental to the mission of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) as well as other federal agencies in evaluating public health concerns, informing regulatory and technological decisions, prioritizing research needs and funding, and in developing approaches for cost-benefit analysis. However, risk assessment is at a crossroads. Despite advances in the field, risk assessment faces a number of significant challenges including lengthy delays in making complex decisions; lack of data leading to significant uncertainty in risk assessments; and many chemicals in the marketplace that have not been evaluated and emerging agents requiring assessment. Science and Decisions makes practical scientific and technical recommendations to address these challenges. This book is a complement to the widely used 1983 National Academies book, Risk Assessment in the Federal Government (also known as the Red Book). The earlier book established a framework for the concepts and conduct of risk assessment that has been adopted by numerous expert committees, regulatory agencies, and public health institutions. The new book embeds these concepts within a broader framework for risk-based decision-making. Together, these are essential references for those working in the regulatory and public health fields.

Author : Helena Röcklinsberg,Mickey Gjerris,I. Anna S. Olsson
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 199 pages
File Size : 45,7 Mb
Release : 2017-10-26
Category : Law
ISBN : 9781108420617

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Animal Ethics in Animal Research by Helena Röcklinsberg,Mickey Gjerris,I. Anna S. Olsson Pdf

An interdisciplinary in-depth analysis of the ethical issues raised by using animals in research and the related regulatory issues.

Author : Akhileshwar Kumar Srivastava,Dhruv Kumar,Divya Singh,Rajesh Kumar Singh
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 328 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 2022-02-17
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780323906814

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Xenobiotics in Chemical Carcinogenesis by Akhileshwar Kumar Srivastava,Dhruv Kumar,Divya Singh,Rajesh Kumar Singh Pdf

Xenobiotics in Chemical Carcinogenesis: Translational Aspects in Toxicology covers the translational toxicology of xenobiotics substances in carcinogenesis by explaining the toxicokinetic and toxicodynamic, toxicogenomic, biotransformation, and resistance mechanisms in the human body. The book begins with a historical review and link to future prospects for chemical carcinogenesis. It discusses major environmental xenobiotics and their risks in inducing cancer, along with content on toxic xenobiotics and their routes of exposure in humans, the role of xenobiotic metabolism in carcinogenesis, and the toxicokinetic and toxicodynamic of xenobiotics in cancer development. Lastly, the book explores current achievements such as using toxicogenomics for predicting the carcinogenicity of xenobiotic substances and the challenges posed by carcinogenic xenobiotic substances when examining preventive methods, diagnosis, and the development of anticancer drugs for specific toxicants. Covers the exposure and transmission of various toxic xenobiotics substances, including nanomaterials, to humans and their interaction with specific tissues in precipitating the development of cancers Unravels the toxicokinetic and toxicodynamic processes of toxic xenobiotics in bioaccumulation Examines the genetic aberrations in cancer genomes by genetic-environmental interactions in carcinogenesis Explains the biotransformation mechanisms of toxic xenobiotics by gut microbes in humans

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 6448 pages
File Size : 49,5 Mb
Release : 2010-06-01
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780080468846

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Comprehensive Toxicology by Anonim Pdf

An explosive increase in the knowledge of the effects of chemical and physical agents on biological systems has led to an increased understanding of normal cellular functions and the consequences of their perturbations. The 14-volume Second Edition of Comprehensive Toxicology has been revised and updated to reflect new advances in toxicology research, including content by some of the leading researchers in the field. It remains the premier resource for toxicologists in academia, medicine, and corporations. Comprehensive Toxicology Second Edition provides a unique organ-systems structure that allows the user to explore the toxic effects of various substances on each human system, aiding in providing diagnoses and proving essential in situations where the toxic substance is unknown but its effects on a system are obvious. Comprehensive Toxicology Second Edition is the most complete and valuable toxicology work available to researchers today. Contents updated and revised to reflect developments in toxicology research Organized with a unique organ-system approach Features full color throughout Available electronically on sciencedirect.com, as well as in a limited-edition print version

Author : Samreen Siddiqui
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 174 pages
File Size : 40,7 Mb
Release : 2024-06-30
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9783031531309

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Aquatic Ecotoxicology by Samreen Siddiqui Pdf

Author : National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Institute for Laboratory Animal Research,Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology,Committee on Toxicity Testing and Assessment of Environmental Agents
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 271 pages
File Size : 51,6 Mb
Release : 2006-05-07
Category : Nature
ISBN : 9780309100922

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Toxicity Testing for Assessment of Environmental Agents by National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Institute for Laboratory Animal Research,Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology,Committee on Toxicity Testing and Assessment of Environmental Agents Pdf

Toxicity testing in laboratory animals provides much of the information used by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to assess the hazards and risks associated with exposure to environmental agents that might harm public health or the environment. The data are used to establish maximum acceptable concentrations of environmental agents in drinking water, set permissible limits of exposure of workers, define labeling requirements, establish tolerances for pesticides residues on food, and set other kinds of limits on the basis of risk assessment. Because the number of regulations that require toxicity testing is growing, EPA called for a comprehensive review of established and emerging toxicity-testing methods and strategies. This interim report reviews current toxicity-testing methods and strategies and near-term improvements in toxicity-testing approaches proposed by EPA and others. It identifies several recurring themes and questions in the various reports reviewed. The final report will present a long-range vision and strategic plan to advance the practices of toxicity testing and human health assessment of environmental contaminants.

Author : Ali S. Faqi
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 986 pages
File Size : 53,9 Mb
Release : 2016-11-03
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780128036211

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A Comprehensive Guide to Toxicology in Nonclinical Drug Development by Ali S. Faqi Pdf

A Comprehensive Guide to Toxicology in Nonclinical Drug Development, Second Edition, is a valuable reference designed to provide a complete understanding of all aspects of nonclinical toxicology in the development of small molecules and biologics. This updated edition has been reorganized and expanded to include important topics such as stem cells in nonclinical toxicology, inhalation and dermal toxicology, pitfalls in drug development, biomarkers in toxicology, and more. Thoroughly updated to reflect the latest scientific advances and with increased coverage of international regulatory guidelines, this second edition is an essential and practical resource for all toxicologists involved in nonclinical testing in industry, academic, and regulatory settings. Provides unique content that is not always covered together in one comprehensive resource, including chapters on stem cells, abuse liability, biomarkers, inhalation toxicology, biostatistics, and more Updated with the latest international guidelines for nonclinical toxicology in both small and large molecules Incorporates practical examples in order to illustrate day-to-day activities and the expectations associated with working in nonclinical toxicology

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 352 pages
File Size : 45,5 Mb
Release : 2008-07-11
Category : Science
ISBN : 0080560024

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Comparative Toxicogenomics by Anonim Pdf

Functional genomics has come of age. No longer is it an adventure for the avant garde scientist, but it has become an increasingly standardized mainstream tool accessible to any modern biological laboratory. Toxicogenomics studies are now generating an avalanche of data that, with the aid of established informatics methodology, is being translated into biologically meaningful information. This is enabling us to start harvesting the benefits from years of investment in terms of technology, time, and (of course) money. It is therefore timely to bring together leading toxicologists with a wide variety of scientific aims in this book to demonstrate how microarray technology can be successfully applied to different research areas. This book transects biology from bacteria to human, from ecologically relevant sentinel organisms to well-characterized model species, and represents the full toxicogenomics arena from exploratory "blue sky" science to the prospects for incorporation into regulatory frameworks. * Reviews some of the first really fruitful studies made in this area * Covers different organisms ranging from humans to model species and environmental sentinels * Provides a broad view of the area, increasing its attractiveness to researchers working in a variety of specialties

Author : National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology,Standing Committee on Risk Analysis Issues and Reviews
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 135 pages
File Size : 49,7 Mb
Release : 2010-06-07
Category : Nature
ISBN : 9780309156929

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Toxicity-Pathway-Based Risk Assessment by National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology,Standing Committee on Risk Analysis Issues and Reviews Pdf

In 2007, the National Research Council envisioned a new paradigm in which biologically important perturbations in key toxicity pathways would be evaluated with new methods in molecular biology, bioinformatics, computational toxicology, and a comprehensive array of in vitro tests based primarily on human biology. Although some considered the vision too optimistic with respect to the promise of the new science, no one can deny that a revolution in toxicity testing is under way. New approaches are being developed, and data are being generated. As a result, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) expects a large influx of data that will need to be evaluated. EPA also is faced with tens of thousands of chemicals on which toxicity information is incomplete and emerging chemicals and substances that will need risk assessment and possible regulation. Therefore, the agency asked the National Research Council to convene a symposium to stimulate discussion on the application of the new approaches and data in risk assessment. The symposium was held on May 11-13, 2009, in Washington, DC, and included presentations and discussion sessions on pathway-based approaches for hazard identification, applications of new approaches to mode-of-action analyses, the challenges to and opportunities for risk assessment in the changing paradigm, and future directions.

Author : Mehdi Boroujerdi
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 780 pages
File Size : 49,7 Mb
Release : 2023-08-22
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781000878431

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Handbook of Pharmacokinetics and Toxicokinetics by Mehdi Boroujerdi Pdf

This fully revised and expanded volume is an effort to blend the common approaches to pharmacokinetics and toxicokinetics. It integrates the principles held in common by both fields through a logical and systematic approach, which includes mathematical descriptions of physical and physiological processes employed in the approaches to pharmacokinetics and toxicokinetics modeling. It emphasizes general principles and concepts and related, isolated applications and case study observations. The systematic compilation of mathematical concepts and methodologies allows readers to decide on relevant concepts and approaches for their research, scientific or regulatory decisions, or for offering advanced courses/workshops and seminars. Features: Comprehensive handbook on principles and applications of PK/TK appealing to a diverse audience including scientists and students An excellent text fully revised and fully updated for anyone interested in the theoretical and practical pharmacokinetics The systematic compilation of mathematical concepts and methodologies allows readers to decide on relevant concepts and approaches for their research Incorporates research relevant to SDGs and of interest to industrial and regulatory environmental scientists involved in chemical contamination research and regulatory decision making related to soil, water, and ocean Includes sections on applications and case studies