Approaches To Language Data Theory And Explanation

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Approaches to Language: Data, Theory, and Explanation

Ángel J. Gallego,Aritz Irurtzun
Approaches to Language Data Theory and Explanation Book PDF

Author : Ángel J. Gallego,Aritz Irurtzun
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
Page : 281 pages
File Size : 43,9 Mb
Release : 2020-12-24
Category : Science
ISBN : 9782889636686

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Approaches to Language: Data, Theory, and Explanation by Ángel J. Gallego,Aritz Irurtzun Pdf

The study of language has changed substantially in the last decades. In particular, the development of new technologies has allowed the emergence of new experimental techniques which complement more traditional approaches to data in linguistics (like informal reports of native speakers’ judgments, surveys, corpus studies, or fieldwork). This move is an enriching feature of contemporary linguistics, allowing for a better understanding of a phenomenon as complex as natural language, where all sorts of factors (internal and external to the individual) interact (Chomsky 2005). This has generated some sort of divergence not only in research approaches, but also in the phenomena studied, with an increasing specialization between subfields and accounts. At the same time, it has also led to subfield isolation and methodological a priori, with some researchers even claiming that theoretical linguistics has little to offer to cognitive science (see for instance Edelman & Christiansen 2003). We believe that this view of linguistics (and cognitive science as a whole) is misguided, and that the complementarity of different approaches to such a multidimensional phenomenon as language should be highlighted for convergence and further development of its scientific study (see also Jackendoff 1988, 2007; Phillips & Lasnik 2003; den Dikken, Bernstein, Tortora & Zanuttini 2007; Sprouse, Schütze & Almeida 2013; Phillips 2013).

Theory and Data in Cognitive Linguistics

Nikolas Gisborne,Willem B. Hollmann
Theory and Data in Cognitive Linguistics Book PDF

Author : Nikolas Gisborne,Willem B. Hollmann
Publisher : John Benjamins Publishing Company
Page : 262 pages
File Size : 52,7 Mb
Release : 2014-09-24
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9789027269607

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Theory and Data in Cognitive Linguistics by Nikolas Gisborne,Willem B. Hollmann Pdf

Cognitive linguistics has an honourable tradition of paying respect to naturally occurring language data and there have been fruitful interactions between corpus data and aspects of linguistic structure and meaning. More recently, dialect data and sociolinguistic data collection methods/theoretical concepts have started to generate interest. There has also been an increase in several kinds of experimental work. However, not all linguistic data is simply naturally occurring or derived from experiments with statistically robust samples of speakers. Other traditions, especially the generative tradition, have fruitfully used introspection and questions about the grammaticality of different strings to uncover patterns which might otherwise have gone unnoticed. The divide between generative and cognitive approaches to language is intimately connected to the kinds of data drawn on, and the way in which generalisations are derived from these data. The papers in this volume explore these issues through the lens of synchronic linguistic analysis, the study of language change, typological investigation and experimental study. Originally published in Studies in Language Vol. 36:3 (2012).

Empirical Approaches to Linguistic Theory

Britta Stolterfoht,Sam Featherston
Empirical Approaches to Linguistic Theory Book PDF

Author : Britta Stolterfoht,Sam Featherston
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter
Page : 360 pages
File Size : 41,5 Mb
Release : 2012-10-01
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9781614510888

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Empirical Approaches to Linguistic Theory by Britta Stolterfoht,Sam Featherston Pdf

The mental representation of language cannot be directly observed but must be inferred and modelled from its effects at second hand. Linguists have traditionally responded to this in two ways, either going for a fairly data-light approach and valuing theoretical creativity, or pursuing just those goals for which data is available and trusting to data-driven descriptive work. More recently, advances in technology and experimental techniques have made data gathering easier and more accessible, so that a theoretically informed but empirically based approach is rapidly growing in popularity. This synthesis permits linguists to combine the intellectual hypothesis generation of the theoreticians with the ability to deliver hard answers of the empiricist. This volume is a collection of papers in this direction, using mostly experiment methods to yield insights into syntactic and semantic structures, language processing, and acquisition. Papers report corpus data, neurological investigations, child language studies, and fieldwork from minority languages.

The Psychology of Language

Trevor A. Harley
The Psychology of Language Book PDF

Author : Trevor A. Harley
Publisher : Psychology Press
Page : 1083 pages
File Size : 40,6 Mb
Release : 2013-12-16
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9781317710028

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The Psychology of Language by Trevor A. Harley Pdf

This thorough revision and update of the popular second edition contains everything the student needs to know about the psychology of language: how we understand, produce, and store language.

Linguistic Analysis

Annarita Puglielli,Mara Frascarelli
Linguistic Analysis Book PDF

Author : Annarita Puglielli,Mara Frascarelli
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter
Page : 413 pages
File Size : 53,8 Mb
Release : 2011-03-29
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9783110222517

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Linguistic Analysis by Annarita Puglielli,Mara Frascarelli Pdf

This book reconsiders the classic topics of linguistic analysis and reflects on universal aspects of language from a typological and comparative perspective. The aim is to show the crucial interactions which occur at the different levels of grammar (phonology, morphology, lexicon, syntax and pragmatics), illustrating their various roles in the structural organization of the sentence and exploring how interface relations contribute to yield interpretation in typologically different languages. The structural analysis is set within the Generative framework of grammar, though theoretical tenets are the outcome, rather than the starting point, of a study based on the observation of data. As the basic intent is to show different phenomena across a wide range of languages, a 'semi-guided' method has been adopted in order to facilitate comprehension and assist the reader in the identification of language universals. For every topic, the discussion of previous literature is followed by cross-linguistic evidence so that theory can be checked against data and the relevant generalizations drawn. Ultimately, this approach reveals that grammar is based on a very limited number of universal principles, which operate yielding different effects at the different levels of the grammar. It implies that a real understanding of the language-system can only be derived from a comparative analysis in which the notion of interface plays a crucial role. The seven chapters in the volume deal with categories and functions, argument structure, syntactic functions, the structure of noun phrases, adverbial modification, information structure and illocutive force. Throughout, the observation of data from 74 languages is a crucial element in the formulation and understanding of theoretical tenets. This book is highly recommended for researchers and students interested in formal analysis from a typological, comparative perspective.

Data Analysis, Interpretation, and Theory in Literacy Studies Research

Michele Knobel,Judy Kalman,Colin Lankshear
Data Analysis Interpretation and Theory in Literacy Studies Research Book PDF

Author : Michele Knobel,Judy Kalman,Colin Lankshear
Publisher : Myers Education Press
Page : 236 pages
File Size : 42,6 Mb
Release : 2020-04-17
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9781975502157

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Data Analysis, Interpretation, and Theory in Literacy Studies Research by Michele Knobel,Judy Kalman,Colin Lankshear Pdf

Novice and early career researchers often have difficulty with understanding how theory, data analysis and interpretation of findings “hang together” in a well-designed and theorized qualitative research investigation and with learning how to draw on such understanding to conduct rigorous data analysis and interpretation of their analytic results. Data Analysis, Interpretation, and Theory in Literacy Studies Research demonstrates how to design, conduct and analyze a well put together qualitative research project. Using their own successful studies, chapter authors spell out a problem area, research question, and theoretical framing, carefully explaining their choices and decisions. They then show in detail how they analyzed their data, and why they took this approach. Finally, they demonstrate how they interpreted the results of their analysis, to make them meaningful in research terms. Approaches include interactional sociolinguistics, microethnographic discourse analysis, multimodal analysis, iterative coding, conversation analysis, and multimediated discourse analysis, among others. This book will appeal to beginning researchers and to literacy researchers responsible for teaching qualitative literacy studies research design at undergraduate and graduate levels. Perfect for courses such as: Literacy Research Seminar | Introduction to Qualitative Research | Advanced Research Methods | Studying New Literacies and Media | Research Perspectives in Literacy | Discourse Analysis | Advanced Qualitative Data Analysis | Sociolinguistic Analysis | Classroom Language Research

Language Description Informed by Theory

Rob Pensalfini,Myfany Turpin,Diana Guillemin
Language Description Informed by Theory Book PDF

Author : Rob Pensalfini,Myfany Turpin,Diana Guillemin
Publisher : John Benjamins Publishing Company
Page : 405 pages
File Size : 51,7 Mb
Release : 2014-01-15
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9789027270917

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Language Description Informed by Theory by Rob Pensalfini,Myfany Turpin,Diana Guillemin Pdf

This volume explores how linguistic theories inform the ways in which languages are described. Theories, as representations of linguistic categories, guide the field linguist to look for various phenomena without presupposing their necessary existence and provide the tools to account for various sets of data across different languages. A goal of linguistic description is to represent the full range of language structures for any given language. The chapters in this book cover various sub-disciplines of linguistics including phonetics, phonology, morphology, syntax, semantics, language acquisition, and anthropological linguistics, drawing upon theoretical approaches such as prosodic Phonology, Enhancement theory, Distributed Morphology, Minimalist syntax, Lexical Functional Grammar, and Kinship theory. The languages described in this book include Australian languages (Pama-Nyungan and non-Pama-Nyungan), Romance languages as well as English. This volume will be of interest to researchers in both descriptive and theoretical linguistics.

A Dynamic Approach to Second Language Development

Marjolijn Verspoor,Kees de Bot,Wander Lowie
A Dynamic Approach to Second Language Development Book PDF

Author : Marjolijn Verspoor,Kees de Bot,Wander Lowie
Publisher : John Benjamins Publishing
Page : 223 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 2011-02-28
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9789027287359

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A Dynamic Approach to Second Language Development by Marjolijn Verspoor,Kees de Bot,Wander Lowie Pdf

Dynamic systems theory, a general theory of change and development, offers a new way to study first and second language development and requires a new set of tools for analysis of empirical data. After a brief introduction to the theory, this book, co-authored by several leading scholars in the field, concentrates on tools and techniques recently developed to analyze language data from a dynamic perspective. The chapters deal with the general thoughts and reasoning behind coding data, analyzing variability, discovering interacting variables and modeling. The accompanying How to sections give step-by-step instructions to using macros to speed up the coding, creating a dedicated lexical profile, making min-max graphs, testing for significance in single case studies by running simulations, and modeling. Example files and data sets are available on the accompanying website (http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/lllt.29.website). Although the focus is on second language development, the tools are applicable to a wide range of phenomena in applied linguistics.

Quantitative Data Analysis for Language Assessment Volume II

Vahid Aryadoust,Michelle Raquel
Quantitative Data Analysis for Language Assessment Volume II Book PDF

Author : Vahid Aryadoust,Michelle Raquel
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 287 pages
File Size : 53,5 Mb
Release : 2019-07-04
Category : Education
ISBN : 9781351741194

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Quantitative Data Analysis for Language Assessment Volume II by Vahid Aryadoust,Michelle Raquel Pdf

Quantitative Data Analysis for Language Assessment Volume II: Advanced Methods demonstrates advanced quantitative techniques for language assessment. The volume takes an interdisciplinary approach and taps into expertise from language assessment, data mining, and psychometrics. The techniques covered include Structural Equation Modeling, Data Mining, Multidimensional Psychometrics and Multilevel Data Analysis.Volume II is distinct among available books in language assessment, as it engages the readers in both theory and application of the methods and introduces relevant techniques for theory construction and validation. This book is highly recommended to graduate students and researchers who are searching for innovative and rigorous approaches and methods to achieve excellence in their dissertations and research. It is also a valuable source for academics who teach quantitative approaches in language assessment and data analysis courses.

Theory and Method in Higher Education Research

Jeroen Huisman,Malcolm Tight
Theory and Method in Higher Education Research Book PDF

Author : Jeroen Huisman,Malcolm Tight
Publisher : Emerald Group Publishing
Page : 177 pages
File Size : 50,5 Mb
Release : 2020-11-09
Category : Education
ISBN : 9781800433229

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Theory and Method in Higher Education Research by Jeroen Huisman,Malcolm Tight Pdf

This volume of Theory and Method in Higher Education Research contains analyses and discussions of, amongst others, relational working, corpus linguistics, data dialogues, instrumental variables, participatory pedagogy, diverse participation, policy discourse, quality management and knowledge structures of research.

A Theory of Language and Information

Zellig Sabbettai Harris
A Theory of Language and Information Book PDF

Author : Zellig Sabbettai Harris
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 456 pages
File Size : 49,7 Mb
Release : 1991
Category : Computers
ISBN : UOM:39015019436396

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A Theory of Language and Information by Zellig Sabbettai Harris Pdf

Written by one of the most respected figures in American linguistics, this book develops an approach to the analysis of language on a mathematical model. Harris presents a formal theory of language structure, in which syntax is characterized as an orderly system of departure from random combinings of sounds, words, and all the elements of language. He argues that the combining of words in a sentence constitutes a mathematical object, and that each departure from randomness is a contribution to the structure and meaning of a sentence. Discussing the differences in the structure and content of language, mathematics, and music, Harris shows that the use of language in a science constitutes a distinguishable sub-language. Remarkable and compelling, Harris's magnum opus will be considered the classical analysis of the structuring of information and development of language.

Research Methods in Language Variation and Change

Manfred Krug,Julia Schlüter
Research Methods in Language Variation and Change Book PDF

Author : Manfred Krug,Julia Schlüter
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 539 pages
File Size : 50,8 Mb
Release : 2013-10-24
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9781107469846

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Research Methods in Language Variation and Change by Manfred Krug,Julia Schlüter Pdf

Methodological know-how has become one of the key qualifications in contemporary linguistics, which has a strong empirical focus. Containing 23 chapters, each devoted to a different research method, this volume brings together the expertise and insight of a range of established practitioners. The chapters are arranged in three parts, devoted to three different stages of empirical research: data collection, analysis and evaluation. In addition to detailed step-by-step introductions and illustrative case studies focusing on variation and change in English, each chapter addresses the strengths and weaknesses of the methodology and concludes with suggestions for further reading. This systematic, state-of-the-art survey is ideal for both novice researchers and professionals interested in extending their methodological repertoires. The book also has a companion website which provides readers with further information, links, resources, demonstrations, exercises and case studies related to each chapter.

Analyzing Neural Time Series Data

Mike X Cohen
Analyzing Neural Time Series Data Book PDF

Author : Mike X Cohen
Publisher : MIT Press
Page : 615 pages
File Size : 42,8 Mb
Release : 2014-01-17
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9780262019873

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Analyzing Neural Time Series Data by Mike X Cohen Pdf

A comprehensive guide to the conceptual, mathematical, and implementational aspects of analyzing electrical brain signals, including data from MEG, EEG, and LFP recordings. This book offers a comprehensive guide to the theory and practice of analyzing electrical brain signals. It explains the conceptual, mathematical, and implementational (via Matlab programming) aspects of time-, time-frequency- and synchronization-based analyses of magnetoencephalography (MEG), electroencephalography (EEG), and local field potential (LFP) recordings from humans and nonhuman animals. It is the only book on the topic that covers both the theoretical background and the implementation in language that can be understood by readers without extensive formal training in mathematics, including cognitive scientists, neuroscientists, and psychologists. Readers who go through the book chapter by chapter and implement the examples in Matlab will develop an understanding of why and how analyses are performed, how to interpret results, what the methodological issues are, and how to perform single-subject-level and group-level analyses. Researchers who are familiar with using automated programs to perform advanced analyses will learn what happens when they click the “analyze now” button. The book provides sample data and downloadable Matlab code. Each of the 38 chapters covers one analysis topic, and these topics progress from simple to advanced. Most chapters conclude with exercises that further develop the material covered in the chapter. Many of the methods presented (including convolution, the Fourier transform, and Euler's formula) are fundamental and form the groundwork for other advanced data analysis methods. Readers who master the methods in the book will be well prepared to learn other approaches.

Research Methods for Complexity Theory in Applied Linguistics

Phil Hiver,Ali H. Al-Hoorie
Research Methods for Complexity Theory in Applied Linguistics Book PDF

Author : Phil Hiver,Ali H. Al-Hoorie
Publisher : Multilingual Matters
Page : 301 pages
File Size : 48,8 Mb
Release : 2019-12-06
Category : Reference
ISBN : 9781788925761

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Research Methods for Complexity Theory in Applied Linguistics by Phil Hiver,Ali H. Al-Hoorie Pdf

This book provides practical guidance on research methods and designs that can be applied to Complex Dynamic Systems Theory (CDST) research. It discusses the contribution of CDST to the field of applied linguistics, examines what this perspective entails for research and introduces practical methods and templates, both qualitative and quantitative, for how applied linguistics researchers can design and conduct research using the CDST framework. Introduced in the book are methods ranging from those in widespread use in social complexity, to more familiar methods in use throughout applied linguistics. All are inherently suited to studying both dynamic change in context and interconnectedness. This accessible introduction to CDST research will equip readers with the knowledge to ensure compatibility between empirical research designs and the theoretical tenets of complexity. It will be of value to researchers working in the areas of applied linguistics, language pedagogy and educational linguistics and to scholars and professionals with an interest in second/foreign language acquisition and complexity theory.

Variation in Language: System- and Usage-based Approaches

Aria Adli,Marco García García,Göz Kaufmann
Variation in Language System and Usage based Approaches Book PDF

Author : Aria Adli,Marco García García,Göz Kaufmann
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
Page : 321 pages
File Size : 51,9 Mb
Release : 2015-07-24
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9783110346855

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Variation in Language: System- and Usage-based Approaches by Aria Adli,Marco García García,Göz Kaufmann Pdf

Where is the locus of language variation? In the grammar, outside the grammar or somewhere in between? Taking up the debate between system- and usage-based approaches, this volume provides new discussions of fundamental issues of language variation. It includes several highly insightful theoretical contributions as well as innovative empirical studies considering different types of data, the role of priming in language change and rare phenomena.