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Author : Jen-Tsung Chen,Geoffrey Meru,Jeremy Coate
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
Page : 211 pages
File Size : 43,7 Mb
Release : 2023-02-15
Category : Science
ISBN : 9782832514689
Author : Jen-Tsung Chen,Jeremy Coate,Geoffrey Meru
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
Page : 164 pages
File Size : 41,8 Mb
Release : 2021-01-21
Category : Science
ISBN : 9782889664078
Author : Z. Jeffrey Chen,James A. Birchler
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 646 pages
File Size : 54,7 Mb
Release : 2013-04-05
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781118552841
Polyploidy plays an important role in biological diversity, trait improvement, and plant species survival. Understanding the evolutionary phenomenon of polyploidy is a key challenge for plant and crop scientists. This book is made up of contributions from leading researchers in the field from around the world, providing a truly global review of the subject. Providing broad-ranging coverage, and up-to-date information from some of the world’s leading researchers, this book is an invaluable resource for geneticists, plant and crop scientists, and evolutionary biologists.
Author : Pamela Soltis,Douglas E. Soltis
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 416 pages
File Size : 48,5 Mb
Release : 2012-10-03
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783642314414
Polyploidy – whole-genome duplication (WGD) – is a fundamental driver of biodiversity with significant consequences for genome structure, organization, and evolution. Once considered a speciation process common only in plants, polyploidy is now recognized to have played a major role in the structure, gene content, and evolution of most eukaryotic genomes. In fact, the diversity of eukaryotes seems closely tied to multiple WGDs. Polyploidy generates new genomic interactions – initially resulting in “genomic and transcriptomic shock” – that must be resolved in a new polyploid lineage. This process essentially acts as a “reset” button, resulting in genomic changes that may ultimately promote adaptive speciation. This book brings together for the first time the conceptual and theoretical underpinnings of polyploid genome evolution with syntheses of the patterns and processes of genome evolution in diverse polyploid groups. Because polyploidy is most common and best studied in plants, the book emphasizes plant models, but recent studies of vertebrates and fungi are providing fresh perspectives on factors that allow polyploid speciation and shape polyploid genomes. The emerging paradigm is that polyploidy – through alterations in genome structure and gene regulation – generates genetic and phenotypic novelty that manifests itself at the chromosomal, physiological, and organismal levels, with long-term ecological and evolutionary consequences.
Author : Johann Greilhuber,Jaroslav Dolezel,Jonathan Wendel
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 360 pages
File Size : 55,5 Mb
Release : 2012-11-13
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783709111604
This second of two volumes on Plant Genome Diversity provides, in 20 chapters, insights into the structural evolution of plant genomes with all its variations. Starting with an outline of plant phylogeny and its reconstruction, the second part of the volume describes the architecture and dynamics of the plant cell nucleus, the third examines the evolution and diversity of the karyotype in various lineages, including angiosperms, gymnosperms and monilophytes. The fourth part presents the mechanisms of polyploidization and its biological consequences and significance for land plant evolution. The fifth part deals with genome size evolution and its biological significance. Together with Volume I, this comprehensive book on the plant genome is intended for students and professionals in all fields of plant science, offering as it does a convenient entry into a burgeoning literature in a fast-moving field.
Author : George Acquaah
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 855 pages
File Size : 50,6 Mb
Release : 2020-12-14
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781119626329
The revised edition of the bestselling textbook, covering both classical and molecular plant breeding Principles of Plant Genetics and Breeding integrates theory and practice to provide an insightful examination of the fundamental principles and advanced techniques of modern plant breeding. Combining both classical and molecular tools, this comprehensive textbook describes the multidisciplinary strategies used to produce new varieties of crops and plants, particularly in response to the increasing demands to of growing populations. Illustrated chapters cover a wide range of topics, including plant reproductive systems, germplasm for breeding, molecular breeding, the common objectives of plant breeders, marketing and societal issues, and more. Now in its third edition, this essential textbook contains extensively revised content that reflects recent advances and current practices. Substantial updates have been made to its molecular genetics and breeding sections, including discussions of new breeding techniques such as zinc finger nuclease, oligonucleotide directed mutagenesis, RNA-dependent DNA methylation, reverse breeding, genome editing, and others. A new table enables efficient comparison of an expanded list of molecular markers, including Allozyme, RFLPs, RAPD, SSR, ISSR, DAMD, AFLP, SNPs and ESTs. Also, new and updated “Industry Highlights” sections provide examples of the practical application of plant breeding methods to real-world problems. This new edition: Organizes topics to reflect the stages of an actual breeding project Incorporates the most recent technologies in the field, such as CRSPR genome edition and grafting on GM stock Includes numerous illustrations and end-of-chapter self-assessment questions, key references, suggested readings, and links to relevant websites Features a companion website containing additional artwork and instructor resources Principles of Plant Genetics and Breeding offers researchers and professionals an invaluable resource and remains the ideal textbook for advanced undergraduates and graduates in plant science, particularly those studying plant breeding, biotechnology, and genetics.
Author : Walter H. Lewis
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 576 pages
File Size : 46,7 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781461330691
Polyploidy as a dramatic mutational event in the process of evolution has wide implications in nature and for the generation of new and improved crops. The three day Conference on POLYPLOIDY: BIOLOGICAL RELEVANCE focused on three aspects of this natural phenomenon: the first emphasized the characteristics of polyploidy, the second described the occurrence of polyploidy among plants and animals, and the third considered past and future areas of both fundamental and pragmatic research that involve polyploidy. New information relative to origin, cytogenetics, ecology, physiology, biochemistry, and populational studies stress the need to reexamine current views on the origins of polyploidy and its significance among both plants and animals. There are major differences in the occurrence of polyploidy between. plant groups and it is proving a much more common event among bisexual vertebrates than heretofore considered possible. Crop development and improvement must utilize approaches based fundamentally on more natural systems; in fact future research should focus more on polyploidy as a natural phenomenon that needs study at all levels of endeavor from field-oriented populational aspects to sophisticated molecular analyses and genome manipulations. This volume provides a summary of current knowledge of polyploidy pertinent to botanists, zoologists, and agriculturists who are interested in the evolution o~natural systems and who are concerned with the contribution that crop improvement can make to human well-being. Walter H. Lewis St. Louis, Missouri October, 1979 v ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The Host Committee thanks all speakers and moderators for their generous contribution to the Conference and to this volume.
Author : M. Maluszynski,Kenneth Kasha,B.P. Forster,I. Szarejko
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 451 pages
File Size : 51,7 Mb
Release : 2013-06-29
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789401712934
The production of doubled haploids has become a necessary tool in advanced plant breeding institutes and commercial companies for breeding many crop species. However, the development of new, more efficient and cheaper large scale production protocols has meant that doubled haploids are also recently being applied in less advanced breeding programmes. This Manual was prepared to stimulate the wider use of this technology for speeding and opening up new breeding possibilities for many crops including some woody tree species. Since the construction of genetic maps using molecular markers requires the development of segregating doubled haploid populations in numerous crop species, we hope that this Manual will also help molecular biologists in establishing such mapping populations. For many years, both the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) and the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) have supported and coordinated research that focuses on development of more efficient doubled haploid production methods and their applications in breeding of new varieties and basic research through their Plant Breeding and Genetics Section of the Joint F AO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture. The first F AO/IAEA scientific network (Coordinated Research Programme - CRP) dealing with doubled haploids was initiated by the Plant Breeding and Genetics Section in 1986.
Author : William deJong-Lambert,Nikolai Krementsov
Publisher : Springer
Page : 243 pages
File Size : 44,9 Mb
Release : 2017-02-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783319391793
This volume examines the international impact of Lysenkoism in its namesake’s heyday and the reasons behind Lysenko’s rehabilitation in Russia today. By presenting the rise and fall of T.D. Lysenko in its various aspects, the authors provide a fresh perspective on one of the most notorious episodes in the history of science.
Author : Mohd Sayeed Akhtar,Mallappa Kumara Swamy
Publisher : Springer
Page : 564 pages
File Size : 49,9 Mb
Release : 2018-07-02
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789811080647
This volume provides summarized scientific evidence of the different classes of plant-derived phytocompounds, their sources, chemical structures, anticancer properties, mechanisms of action, methods of extraction, and their applications in cancer therapy. It also discusses endophyte-derived compounds as chemopreventives to treat various cancer types. In addition, it provides detailed information on the enhanced production of therapeutically valuable anticancer metabolites using biotechnological interventions such as plant cell and tissue culture approaches, including in vitro-, hairy root- and cell-suspension culture; and metabolic engineering of biosynthetic pathways. Anticancer Plants: Natural Products and Biotechnological Implements – Volume 2” explores the natural bioactive compounds isolated from plants as well as fungal endophytes, their chemistry, and preventive effects to reduce the risk of cancer. Moreover, it highlights the genomics/proteomics approaches and biotechnological implementations. Providing solutions to deal with the challenges involved in cancer therapy, the book benefits a wide range of readers including academics, students, and industrial experts working in the area of natural products, medicinal plant chemistry, pharmacology, and biotechnology.
Author : Ting Peng,Baohua Wang,Muhammad Kashif Riaz Khan ,Peng Chee
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
Page : 307 pages
File Size : 51,9 Mb
Release : 2024-06-13
Category : Science
ISBN : 9782832550359
Global climate change, reductions in arable land, and food security demands that plant breeding will continue to play an imperative role in feeding 9 billion people sustainably by 2050. In order to face this challenge, modern plant breeding will necessitate the adoption of new technologies and practices to boost production of cultivated plants by capturing or generating more favorable genetic diversity. In crop plants, the majority of agronomically important traits are quantitatively inherited, controlled by multiple genes each with a small effect (quantitative trait loci, QTLs). The most common approach to pre-breeding is to use genetic mapping to identify QTLs for key phenotypic variation followed by introgressing those QTLs into the elite gene pool with marker-assisted selection (MAS), which can enhance the selection criteria of phenotypes comparing to conventional breeding with the selection of genes. As the cost of genotyping continues to decline, the use of genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS) technologies or whole genome re-sequencing, coupled with the release of the genome sequences of plant species have permitted the development of dense arrays of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) covering the entire genome, which have in turn paved the way to genome-wide association studies (GWAS). Meanwhile, fine mapping guided by genome sequences of many plant species have facilitated the exploration of functional genes; in addition, pan-genomes constructed from various available resources such as the reference sequence and its variants, raw reads and haplotype reference panels provide a new perspective on QTL locations and potential molecular targets for plant breeding. Similarly, new approaches to marker-trait association analyses such as quantitative trait locus sequencing (QTL-seq) and quantitative trait gene sequencing (QTG-seq) that are based on bulked-segregant analysis (BSA) and whole-genome resequencing will help accelerate QTL fine-mapping and identification of the causal genes. In conclusion, the tools and strategies for MAS in modern plant breeding have been expanding in recent years. By embracing a broad array of conventional and new molecular techniques, modern plant breeding has a bright future in delivering new crop cultivars to keep our food, fiber and biobased economy diverse and safe.
Author : Kuldeep S. Labana,Surinder S. Banga,Shashi K. Banga
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 268 pages
File Size : 48,9 Mb
Release : 2013-11-09
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9783662061664
The present status of rapeseed-mustard crops as the third most important source of edible oils is attributable to the success of plant breeders and associate researchers in developing high yielding varieties with improved quality and resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses. However, the need to maximize the production gains and quality at lower economic costis greater than ever before. "Breeding Oilseed Brassicas" was thus conceived to review the past accomplishments in order to identify research gaps and suggest ways and means to meet the challenge of sustainable productivity upgradation. Theoretical and applied aspects ofbreeding, genetics, cytogenetics, crop physiology, and biotechnology are covered. The emphasis is on the application of theoretical knowledge to the solution of problems that confront the Brassica breeders.
Author : Janardhanan.T,Sanjay Sharma
Publisher : Arihant Publications India limited
Page : 620 pages
File Size : 43,9 Mb
Release : 2021-07-26
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9789325298217
1. The Big Book of Biology Volume 2 - New Self Study Guide 2. The book is designed on Chapterwise Premises 3. Entire syllabus is divided into 16 Chapters 4. 7000 Topically divided objective questions along with detailed explanations 5. more than 13000 MCQs given from all possible typologies There was never a better time to emphasize the Fact that How important doctors are. Its probably the most fulfilling and dream career opportunity for any aspirants. NEETis the gateway to millions of dreamers to open the door for admission in top MBBS Colleges in India and Biology plays half the role. Looking at the need of the hour and based on Changing and Latest Pattern of examination Arihant brings you the “The Big Book of Biology”. The New Self Study Guide has been designed on Chapterwise Premises. The all-new series of “Big Book of Biology for NEET – Volume 2” has been designed to fulfil the important needs of all NEET aspirants. The syllabus in this volume has been divided into 16 chapters as per latest pattern, serving as an in-depth question bank of Biology subject. This book has; 7000 Topically divided objective questions are given for along with the Detailed explanations, collection of more than 13000 MCQs given from all possible typologies arranged in Chapterwise and Topicwise as per NEET 2020 Syllabus for practice, to the point amicable explanations in each chapter, vast coverage given to objection questions asked in various Medical Entrances from 2000 till date. TOC Reproduction in Organisms, Sexual Reproduction in the flowering plants, Human Reproduction, Reproductive Health, Principles of Inheritance and Variation, Molecular basis of Inheritance, Evolution, Human Health and Diseases, Strategies of enhancement in food production, Microbes in Human Welfare, Biotechnology: Principle and Processes, Biotechnology and its Applications, Organisms and Populations, Ecosystem, Biodiversity and its Conservation, Environmental Issues.
Author : Hank Bass,James A. Birchler
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 346 pages
File Size : 46,6 Mb
Release : 2011-12-02
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780387708690
This reference book provides information on plant cytogenetics for students, instructors, and researchers. Topics covered by international experts include classical cytogenetics of plant genomes; plant chromosome structure; functional, molecular cytology; and genome dynamics. In addition, chapters are included on several methods in plant cytogenetics, informatics, and even laboratory exercises for aspiring or practiced instructors. The book provides a unique combination of historical and modern subject matter, revealing the central role of plant cytogenetics in plant genetics and genomics as currently practiced. This breadth of coverage, together with the inclusion of methods and instruction, is intended to convey a deep and useful appreciation for plant cytogenetics. We hope it will inform and inspire students, researchers, and teachers to continue to employ plant cytogenetics to address fundamental questions about the cytology of plant chromosomes and genomes for years to come. Hank W. Bass is a Professor in the Department of Biological Science at Florida State University. James A. Birchler is a Professor in the Division of Biological Sciences at the University of Missouri.
Author : Dreux de Nettancourt
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 347 pages
File Size : 43,9 Mb
Release : 2013-03-14
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783662045022
Advances in plant cell molecular biology have considerably increased our understanding of pollen-pistil barriers, particularly those operated by incompatibility mechanisms, and, at the same time, demonstrated the complexity and diversity of rejection systems once considered to be relatively simple. This book reviews the impressive knowledge acquired in the last century on the biology, particularly the inheritance and population genetics of self-incompatibility, and presents the new approaches to the study of the structure, function and evolution of incompatibility alleles and the analysis of cell-cell recognition and pollen rejection. The different methods now available for transforming the breeding behaviour of higher plants are also discussed.
