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Author : Mohammad Ilyas
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 276 pages
File Size : 45,8 Mb
Release : 1988
Category : History
ISBN : STANFORD:36105030645811
Author : David King
Publisher : BRILL
Page : 1142 pages
File Size : 41,7 Mb
Release : 2005-06-01
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9789047406754
This is the first investigation of one of the main interests of astronomy in Islamic civilization, namely, timekeeping by the sun and stars and the regulation of the astronomically-defined times of Muslim prayer. The study is based on over 500 medieval astronomical manuscripts first identified by the author, now preserved in libraries all over the world and originally from the entire Islamic world from the Maghrib to Central Asia and the Yemen. The materials presented provide new insights into the early development of the prayer ritual in Islam. They also call into question the popular notion that religion could not inspire serious scientific activity. Only one of the hundreds of astronomical tables discussed here was known in medieval Europe, which is one reason why the entire corpus has remained unknown until the present. A second volume, also to be published by Brill, deals with astronomical instruments for timekeeping and other computing devices.
Author : George Saliba
Publisher : NYU Press
Page : 352 pages
File Size : 51,7 Mb
Release : 1995-07-01
Category : Religion
ISBN : 9780814738894
A History of Arabic Astronomy is a comprehensive survey of Arabic planetary theories from the eleventh century to the fifteenth century based on recent manuscript discoveries. George Saliba argues that the medieval period, often called a period of decline in Islamic intellectual history, was scientifically speaking, a very productive period in which astronomical theories of the highest order were produced. Based on the most recent manuscript discoveries, this book broadly surveys developments in Arabic planetary theories from the eleventh century to the fifteenth. Taken together, the primary texts and essays assembled in this book reverse traditional beliefs about the rise and fall of Arabic science, demonstrating how the traditional “age of decline” in Arabic science was indeed a “Golden Age” as far as astronomy was concerned. Some of the techniques and mathematical theorems developed during this period were identical to those which were employed by Copernicus in developing his own non-Ptolemaic astronomy. Significantly, this volume will shed much-needed light on the conditions under which such theories were developed in medieval Islam. It clearly demonstrates the distinction that was drawn between astronomical activities and astrological ones, and reveals, contrary to common perceptions about medieval Islam, the accommodation that was obviously reached between religion and astronomy, and the degree to which astronomical planetary theories were supported, and at times even financed, by the religious community itself. This in stark contrast to the systematic attacks leveled by the same religious community against astrology. To students of European intellectual history, the book reveals the technical relationship between the astronomy of the Arabs and that of Copernicus. Saliba’s definitive work will be of particular interest to historians of Arabic science as well as to historians of medieval and Renaissance European science.
Author : Helaine Selin
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 1140 pages
File Size : 52,9 Mb
Release : 2013-11-11
Category : History
ISBN : 9789401714167
The Encyclopaedia fills a gap in both the history of science and in cultural stud ies. Reference works on other cultures tend either to omit science completely or pay little attention to it, and those on the history of science almost always start with the Greeks, with perhaps a mention of the Islamic world as a trans lator of Greek scientific works. The purpose of the Encyclopaedia is to bring together knowledge of many disparate fields in one place and to legitimize the study of other cultures' science. Our aim is not to claim the superiority of other cultures, but to engage in a mutual exchange of ideas. The Western aca demic divisions of science, technology, and medicine have been united in the Encyclopaedia because in ancient cultures these disciplines were connected. This work contributes to redressing the balance in the number of reference works devoted to the study of Western science, and encourages awareness of cultural diversity. The Encyclopaedia is the first compilation of this sort, and it is testimony both to the earlier Eurocentric view of academia as well as to the widened vision of today. There is nothing that crosses disciplinary and geographic boundaries, dealing with both scientific and philosophical issues, to the extent that this work does. xi PERSONAL NOTE FROM THE EDITOR Many years ago I taught African history at a secondary school in Central Africa.
Author : David A. King
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 357 pages
File Size : 40,9 Mb
Release : 2022-02-13
Category : History
ISBN : 9781000585155
This volume of 12 studies, mainly published during the past 15 years, begins with an overview of the Islamic astronomy covering not only sophisticated mathematical astronomy and instrumentation but also simple folk astronomy, and the ways in which astronomy was used in the service of religion. It continues with discussions of the importance of Islamic instruments and scientific manuscript illustrations. Three studies deal with the regional schools that developed in Islamic astronomy, in this case, Egypt and the Maghrib. Another focuses on a curious astrological table for calculating the length of life of any individual. The notion of the world centred on the sacred Kaaba in Mecca inspired both astronomers and proponents of folk astronomy to propose methods for finding the qibla, or sacred direction towards the Kaaba; their activities are surveyed here. The interaction between the mathematical and folk traditions in astronomy is then illustrated by an 11th-century text on the qibla in Transoxania. The last three studies deal with an account of the geodetic measurements sponsored by the Caliph al-Ma'mûn in the 9th century; a world-map in the tradition of the 11th-century polymath al-Bîrûnî, alas corrupted by careless copying; and a table of geographical coordinates from 15th-century Egypt.
Author : Helaine Selin
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 2428 pages
File Size : 42,5 Mb
Release : 2008-03-12
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781402045592
Here, at last, is the massively updated and augmented second edition of this landmark encyclopedia. It contains approximately 1000 entries dealing in depth with the history of the scientific, technological and medical accomplishments of cultures outside of the United States and Europe. The entries consist of fully updated articles together with hundreds of entirely new topics. This unique reference work includes intercultural articles on broad topics such as mathematics and astronomy as well as thoughtful philosophical articles on concepts and ideas related to the study of non-Western Science, such as rationality, objectivity, and method. You’ll also find material on religion and science, East and West, and magic and science.
Author : Nachum Dershowitz,Edward M. Reingold
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 114 pages
File Size : 41,6 Mb
Release : 2008
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9780521885409
Expanded coverage includes generic cyclical calendars, astronomical lunar calendars, and the Korean, Vietnamese, Aztec, and Tibetan calendars.
Author : Ivor Grattan-Guiness
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 856 pages
File Size : 54,8 Mb
Release : 2004-11-11
Category : History
ISBN : 9781134887484
First published in 2004. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.
Author : Ivor Grattan-Guinness
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 1796 pages
File Size : 50,9 Mb
Release : 2002-09-11
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781134957507
* Examines the history and philosophy of the mathematical sciences in a cultural context, tracing their evolution from ancient times up to the twentieth century * 176 articles contributed by authors of 18 nationalities * Chronological table of main events in the development of mathematics * Fully integrated index of people, events and topics * Annotated bibliographies of both classic and contemporary sources * Unique coverage of Ancient and non-Western traditions of mathematics
Author : Azim Nanji
Publisher : Penguin UK
Page : 323 pages
File Size : 54,8 Mb
Release : 2008-04-24
Category : Religion
ISBN : 9780141920863
Islam today is a truly global faith, yet it remains somewhat of an enigma to many of us. Each and every day our newspapers are saturated with references to Islam; Quran, Taliban, Hijab, Fatwa, Allah, Sunni, Jihad, Shia, the list goes on. But how much do we really understand? Are we, in fact, misunderstanding? The Penguin Dictionary of Islam provides complete, impartial answers. It includes extensive coverage of the historical formations of the worldwide Muslim community and highlights key modern Muslim figures and events. Understanding Islam is vital to understanding our world and this text is the definitive authority, designed for both general and academic readers.
Author : Edward M. Reingold,Nachum Dershowitz
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 458 pages
File Size : 53,9 Mb
Release : 2001-08-06
Category : Computers
ISBN : 0521777526
This book makes accurate calendrical algorithms readily available for computer use.
Author : Ragep
Publisher : BRILL
Page : 625 pages
File Size : 45,7 Mb
Release : 2023-09-20
Category : Architecture
ISBN : 9789004625747
In this volume of conference papers originally presented at the University of Oklahoma, a distinguished group of scholars examines episodes in the transmission of premodern science and provides new insights into its cultural, philosophical and historical significance.
Author : Zulfiqar Ali Shah
Publisher : IIIT
Page : 194 pages
File Size : 53,6 Mb
Release : 2009-01-01
Category : Religion
ISBN : 9781565643345
This book shatters the myth that naked-eye sighting of the new moon and completing thirty days in the case of weather-related or other obscurities are the only two valid methods of determining the month of Ramadan. The author explains that certainty, not actual sighting, is the real objective of the Shariah and that the Qur'an does not mandate physical sighting. A careful analysis shows that those hadiths that seemingly require sighting actually require certainty. The assertion that all Muslim scholars prohibit the use of astronomical calculations, both in affirming or negating the month of Ramadan, is not correct. As calculation is now more accurate than naked-eye sighting, due to certain astronomical and scientific advancements, the use of calculation is the closest to the real objective of the Shari'ah and to the spirit of the hadiths.
Author : Sally P. Ragep
Publisher : Springer
Page : 354 pages
File Size : 52,5 Mb
Release : 2017-01-20
Category : Mathematics
ISBN : 9783319319933
This book provides the only critical edition and English translation of Maḥmūd al-Jaghmīnī’s al-Mulakhkhaṣ fī al-hayʾa al-basīṭa, the most widely circulated Arabic treatise on Ptolemaic astronomy ever written. Composed in the early 13th century, this introductory textbook played a crucial role in the teaching, dissemination, and institutional instruction of Islamic astronomy well into the 19th century (and beyond). Establishing the base text is a fundamental prerequisite for gaining insights into what was considered an elementary astronomical textbook in Islam and also for understanding the extensive commentary tradition that built upon it. Within this volume, the Mulakhkhaṣ is situated within the broader context of the genre of literature termed ʿilm al-hayʾa, which has become the subject of intensive research over the past 25 years. In so doing, it provides a survey of summary accounts of theoretical astronomy of Jaghmīnī’s predecessors, both Ancient and Islamic, which could have served as potential sources for the Mulakhkhaṣ. Jaghmīnī’s dates (which until now remained unsettled) are established, and it is definitively shown that he composed not only the Mulakhkhaṣ but also other scientific treatises, including the popular medical treatise al-Qānūnča, during a period that has been deemed one of scientific decline and stagnation in Islamic lands. The book will be of particular interest to scholars engaged in the study of Islamic theoretical astronomy, but is accessible to a general readership interested in learning what constituted an introduction to Ptolemaic astronomy in Islamic lands.
Author : Roni Zirinski
Publisher : Peter Lang
Page : 194 pages
File Size : 50,5 Mb
Release : 2005
Category : Art
ISBN : 0820474452
Ad Hoc Arabism is a revealing look at advertising and consumer culture in Saudi Arabia. Through careful study of the marketing strategies and hidden meanings behind the advertisements featured in a leading Saudi women's magazine, Roni Zirinski examines the process whereby international advertisers strip products of any cultural overlay, and then reattach them to local historical symbols. Each chapter is devoted to a specific family of products, such as watches, cars, food items, cosmetics, and electronics. This book provides an invaluable exploration of the inner workings of global advertising through a deep understanding of the cultural economics of the Middle East.