Islamic Astronomy And Geography

Author : David A. King
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 357 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 2022-02-13
Category : History
ISBN : 9781000585155

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Islamic Astronomy and Geography by David A. King Pdf

This volume of 12 studies, mainly published during the past 15 years, begins with an overview of the Islamic astronomy covering not only sophisticated mathematical astronomy and instrumentation but also simple folk astronomy, and the ways in which astronomy was used in the service of religion. It continues with discussions of the importance of Islamic instruments and scientific manuscript illustrations. Three studies deal with the regional schools that developed in Islamic astronomy, in this case, Egypt and the Maghrib. Another focuses on a curious astrological table for calculating the length of life of any individual. The notion of the world centred on the sacred Kaaba in Mecca inspired both astronomers and proponents of folk astronomy to propose methods for finding the qibla, or sacred direction towards the Kaaba; their activities are surveyed here. The interaction between the mathematical and folk traditions in astronomy is then illustrated by an 11th-century text on the qibla in Transoxania. The last three studies deal with an account of the geodetic measurements sponsored by the Caliph al-Ma'mûn in the 9th century; a world-map in the tradition of the 11th-century polymath al-Bîrûnî, alas corrupted by careless copying; and a table of geographical coordinates from 15th-century Egypt.

Author : Fuat Sezgin,Islam Bilim ve Teknoloji Tarihi Müzesi
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 263 pages
File Size : 45,8 Mb
Release : 2008*
Category : Astrolabes
ISBN : 9752307353

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Astronomy, Geography and Navigation in Islamic Civilization by Fuat Sezgin,Islam Bilim ve Teknoloji Tarihi Müzesi Pdf

Contains many models of instruments collected by the Museum for the History of Islamic Science and Technology in Istanbul.

Author : David King
Publisher : BRILL
Page : 670 pages
File Size : 49,6 Mb
Release : 2021-09-06
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9789004450738

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World-maps for Finding the Direction and Distance to Mecca by David King Pdf

Two remarkable Iranian world-maps were discovered in 1989 and 1995. Both are made of brass and date from 17th-century Iran. Mecca is at the centre and a highly sophisticated longitude and latitude grid enables the user to determine the direction and distance to Mecca for anywhere in the world between Andalusia and China. Prior to the discovery of these maps it was thought that such cartographic grids were conceived in Europe ca. 1910. This richly-illustrated book presents an overview of the ways in which Muslims over the centuries have determined the sacred direction towards Mecca (qibla) and then describes the two world-maps in detail. The author shows that the geographical data derives from a 15th-century Central Asian source and that the mathematics underlying the grid was developed in 9th-century Baghdad.

Author : David A. King
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 364 pages
File Size : 42,8 Mb
Release : 1993
Category : History
ISBN : UOM:39015032974019

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Astronomy in the Service of Islam by David A. King Pdf

Delineates the two very different traditions of astronomy in medieval Islam: legal scholars watched the crescent moon to keep the calendar, and used shadows to keep the hours and direction of prayer, while astronomers constructed elaborate theories and mathematical tables to approach ever more precision in times and directions. The articles are reproduced from their original publication in various journals, 1982-91.

Author : David A. King
Publisher : UC Biblioteca Geral 1
Page : 20 pages
File Size : 43,7 Mb
Release : 1984
Category : Astronomia àrab
ISBN : 8210379456XXX

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Astronomy for Landlubbers and Navigators by David A. King Pdf

Author : George Saliba
Publisher : NYU Press
Page : 352 pages
File Size : 48,8 Mb
Release : 1995-07-01
Category : Religion
ISBN : 9780814738894

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A History of Arabic Astronomy by George Saliba Pdf

A History of Arabic Astronomy is a comprehensive survey of Arabic planetary theories from the eleventh century to the fifteenth century based on recent manuscript discoveries. George Saliba argues that the medieval period, often called a period of decline in Islamic intellectual history, was scientifically speaking, a very productive period in which astronomical theories of the highest order were produced. Based on the most recent manuscript discoveries, this book broadly surveys developments in Arabic planetary theories from the eleventh century to the fifteenth. Taken together, the primary texts and essays assembled in this book reverse traditional beliefs about the rise and fall of Arabic science, demonstrating how the traditional “age of decline” in Arabic science was indeed a “Golden Age” as far as astronomy was concerned. Some of the techniques and mathematical theorems developed during this period were identical to those which were employed by Copernicus in developing his own non-Ptolemaic astronomy. Significantly, this volume will shed much-needed light on the conditions under which such theories were developed in medieval Islam. It clearly demonstrates the distinction that was drawn between astronomical activities and astrological ones, and reveals, contrary to common perceptions about medieval Islam, the accommodation that was obviously reached between religion and astronomy, and the degree to which astronomical planetary theories were supported, and at times even financed, by the religious community itself. This in stark contrast to the systematic attacks leveled by the same religious community against astrology. To students of European intellectual history, the book reveals the technical relationship between the astronomy of the Arabs and that of Copernicus. Saliba’s definitive work will be of particular interest to historians of Arabic science as well as to historians of medieval and Renaissance European science.

Author : Benno van Dalen
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
Page : 364 pages
File Size : 55,7 Mb
Release : 2023-05-31
Category : History
ISBN : 9781000944198

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Islamic Astronomical Tables by Benno van Dalen Pdf

This volume comprises nine articles on Islamic astronomy published since 1989 by Benno van Dalen. Van Dalen was the first historian of Islamic astronomy who made full use of the new possibilities of computers in the early 1990s. He implemented various statistical and numerical methods that can be used to determine the mathematical properties of medieval astronomical tables, and utilized these to obtain entirely new, until then unattainable historical results concerning the interdependence of individual tables and hence of entire astronomical works. His programmes for analysing tables, making sexagesimal calculations and converting calendar dates continue to be widely used. The five articles in the first part of this collection explain the principles of a range of statistical methods for determining unknown parameter values underlying astronomical tables and present extensive step-by-step examples for their use. The four articles in the second part provide extensive studies of materials in unpublished primary sources on Islamic astronomy that heavily depend on these methods. The volume is completed with a detailed index.

Author : Hasan Askari Kazmi
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 370 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 1995
Category : Geography
ISBN : UOM:39015037336180

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The Makers of Medieval Muslim Geography by Hasan Askari Kazmi Pdf

Geography of Central Asia and contributions of Muhạmmad ibn Ahṃad Bīrūnī, 973?-1048, to geographical knowledge.

Author : Christoph Mauntel
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
Page : 318 pages
File Size : 47,9 Mb
Release : 2021-06-08
Category : Literary Criticism
ISBN : 9783110686159

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Geography and Religious Knowledge in the Medieval World by Christoph Mauntel Pdf

In the medieval world, geographical knowledge was influenced by religious ideas and beliefs. Whereas this point is well analysed for the Latin-Christian world, the religious character of the Arabic-Islamic geographic tradition has not yet been scrutinised in detail. This volume addresses this desideratum and combines case studies from both traditions of geographic thinking. The contributions comprise in-depth analyses of individual geographical works as for example those of al-Idrisi or Lambert of Saint-Omer, different forms of presenting geographical knowledge such as TO-diagrams or globes as well as performative aspects of studying and meditating geographical knowledge. Focussing on texts as well as on maps, the contributions open up a comparative perspective on how religious knowledge influenced the way the world and its geography were perceived and described int the medieval world.

Author : David A. King
Publisher : Variorum Publishing
Page : 364 pages
File Size : 52,5 Mb
Release : 1986
Category : Science
ISBN : UOM:39015014242922

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Islamic Mathematical Astronomy by David A. King Pdf

Author : Edward Stewart Kennedy
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 306 pages
File Size : 46,7 Mb
Release : 1973
Category : Eleventh century
ISBN : UCAL:B4251044

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A Commentary Upon Bīrūnī's Kitāb Taḥdīd Al-amākin by Edward Stewart Kennedy Pdf

Author : Sally P. Ragep
Publisher : Springer
Page : 354 pages
File Size : 53,5 Mb
Release : 2017-01-20
Category : Mathematics
ISBN : 9783319319933

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Jaghmīnī’s Mulakhkhaṣ by Sally P. Ragep Pdf

This book provides the only critical edition and English translation of Maḥmūd al-Jaghmīnī’s al-Mulakhkhaṣ fī al-hayʾa al-basīṭa, the most widely circulated Arabic treatise on Ptolemaic astronomy ever written. Composed in the early 13th century, this introductory textbook played a crucial role in the teaching, dissemination, and institutional instruction of Islamic astronomy well into the 19th century (and beyond). Establishing the base text is a fundamental prerequisite for gaining insights into what was considered an elementary astronomical textbook in Islam and also for understanding the extensive commentary tradition that built upon it. Within this volume, the Mulakhkhaṣ is situated within the broader context of the genre of literature termed ʿilm al-hayʾa, which has become the subject of intensive research over the past 25 years. In so doing, it provides a survey of summary accounts of theoretical astronomy of Jaghmīnī’s predecessors, both Ancient and Islamic, which could have served as potential sources for the Mulakhkhaṣ. Jaghmīnī’s dates (which until now remained unsettled) are established, and it is definitively shown that he composed not only the Mulakhkhaṣ but also other scientific treatises, including the popular medical treatise al-Qānūnča, during a period that has been deemed one of scientific decline and stagnation in Islamic lands. The book will be of particular interest to scholars engaged in the study of Islamic theoretical astronomy, but is accessible to a general readership interested in learning what constituted an introduction to Ptolemaic astronomy in Islamic lands.

Author : Bridget Lim,Bill Scheppler
Publisher : The Rosen Publishing Group, Inc
Page : 114 pages
File Size : 51,8 Mb
Release : 2016-07-15
Category : Juvenile Nonfiction
ISBN : 9781508171324

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Al-Biruni by Bridget Lim,Bill Scheppler Pdf

Al-Biruni was an Islamic scholar who served on the courts of more than six caliphs. Like many of the great thinkers of the Islamic world’s Golden Age, his quest for truth motivated him to seek knowledge through research and innovation. He did this in the name of Allah. Al-Biruni set himself apart from his peers through his sheer range of expertise and drive for perfection. His considerable progress in astronomy, mathematics, geography, comparative religion, physical sciences, and history earned the respect of his colleagues, influenced countless academic followers, and remains as an inspiration to all who study his work today.

Author : Syed Akheel Ahmed
Publisher : I. K. International Pvt Ltd
Page : 163 pages
File Size : 42,6 Mb
Release : 2013-12-30
Category : Education
ISBN : 9788189866501

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Islam and Scientific Enterprise by Syed Akheel Ahmed Pdf

The history of Islamic Science has not received the recognition it deserves. Although reverence is accorded to the memory of such great figures of Islamic history as Ar-Razi (Rhazes), Jabir-ibn-Hayyan (Geber) and Omar Khyaam. The present treatise is an attempt to construct an outline of the progress of Islamic Science from the days of the prophet Muhammad to the end of fifteenth century. Spread in fifteen chapters the book traces the growth and development of Islamic Science during the hay days of Islamic glory. It throws succinct and incisive light on various aspects of Islamic Science, namely, mathematics, mechanics, astronomy, astrology, music, alchemy, chemistry, medicine and geography. In short the approach is objective, analysis systematic, treatment logical and the style lucid

Author : Yossef Rapoport,Emilie Savage-Smith
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
Page : 381 pages
File Size : 46,7 Mb
Release : 2018-12-11
Category : History
ISBN : 9780226553405

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Lost Maps of the Caliphs by Yossef Rapoport,Emilie Savage-Smith Pdf

About a millennium ago, in Cairo, an unknown author completed a large and richly illustrated book. In the course of thirty-five chapters, this book guided the reader on a journey from the outermost cosmos and planets to Earth and its lands, islands, features, and inhabitants. This treatise, known as The Book of Curiosities, was unknown to modern scholars until a remarkable manuscript copy surfaced in 2000. Lost Maps of the Caliphs provides the first general overview of The Book of Curiosities and the unique insight it offers into medieval Islamic thought. Opening with an account of the remarkable discovery of the manuscript and its purchase by the Bodleian Library, the authors use The Book of Curiosities to re-evaluate the development of astrology, geography, and cartography in the first four centuries of Islam. Their account assesses the transmission of Late Antique geography to the Islamic world, unearths the logic behind abstract maritime diagrams, and considers the palaces and walls that dominate medieval Islamic plans of towns and ports. Early astronomical maps and drawings demonstrate the medieval understanding of the structure of the cosmos and illustrate the pervasive assumption that almost any visible celestial event had an effect upon life on Earth. Lost Maps of the Caliphs also reconsiders the history of global communication networks at the turn of the previous millennium. It shows the Fatimid Empire, and its capital Cairo, as a global maritime power, with tentacles spanning from the eastern Mediterranean to the Indus Valley and the East African coast. As Lost Maps of the Caliphs makes clear, not only is The Book of Curiosities one of the greatest achievements of medieval mapmaking, it is also a remarkable contribution to the story of Islamic civilization that opens an unexpected window to the medieval Islamic view of the world.