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Malaria is an infectious disease caused by parasites and spread by mosquitoes. Especially dangerous to children, it's the cause of 1 million deaths annually. About half of the world is at risk of catching malaria. This thought-provoking book answers questions including what it's like to contract malaria and the groundbreaking efforts and goals of today's medical and scientific community to both prevent and treat the disease. Mosquito nets, insecticides, and medications are among the many topics featured. Photographs of professionals in action and quotations from specialists add a sense of urgency to address this global crisis.
In North America, mosquito bites are usually only a nuisance. But in areas such as Africa and Southeast Asia, the bite can be deadly. There, many mosquitoes transmit a disease called malaria—and malaria can be a killer. In Africa, one child dies from malaria every thirty seconds. Worldwide, more than one million people die from malaria each year. What can be done to stop this global killer? This book examines how public health organizations work to protect people from malaria-carrying mosquitoes, how doctors care for people who do get malaria, and how researchers try to better understand and fight malaria. But malaria presents a complex puzzle for researchers. The parasite that causes malaria takes several different forms and can damage the body in many ways. Malaria does its worst damage among people in poor nations. These countries often have inadequate public health and medical systems, making prevention and treatment difficult. In addition, children who are sick with malaria cannot go to school. Adults with malaria cannot work. Thus malaria often pushes poor people deeper into poverty. Author Connie Goldsmith is a nurse and a medical writer. In Battling Malaria, Goldsmith tackles the topic with an expert’s eye. She describes cutting-edge research, medications, and public health measures that might someday defeat malaria for good.
Presents an overview of the disease, discussing its history, symptoms, the prognosis of people who have contracted it, and how they are treated, along with current efforts to improve prevention measures and develop a vaccine.
Institute of Medicine,Medical Follow-Up Agency,Committee on U.S. Military Malaria Vaccine Research: A Program Review
Author : Institute of Medicine,Medical Follow-Up Agency,Committee on U.S. Military Malaria Vaccine Research: A Program Review Publisher : National Academies Press Page : 144 pages File Size : 44,6 Mb Release : 2006-07-26 Category : Technology & Engineering ISBN : 9780309180436
Battling Malaria by Institute of Medicine,Medical Follow-Up Agency,Committee on U.S. Military Malaria Vaccine Research: A Program Review Pdf
Malaria is an infectious disease common to several parts of the world, including Africa, northern South America, and Asia. During their service in the military, U.S. active members may be sent to any part of the world, including parts of the world where Malaria is an issue. In Liberia in 2003, for example, there was a 28 percent attack rate in Marines who spent a short time ashore, and half of the 80 Marines affected needed to be evacuated to Germany. This was not only costly to the U.S. military but dangerous as well. To fight against this disease, there exists a Malaria Vaccine program in the U.S. military. However, there exists a variety of potential vaccine targets for the most severe and important form of malaria; malaria from the species Plasmodium falciparum. Issues also arise with the fact that there are three possible stages to create vaccines against-preerythrocytic, blood, or transmission. The Department of Defense (DoD), through the commanding general of the U.S. Army Medical Research and Materiel Command (USAMRMC), requested that the Institute of Medicine (IOM) conduct a programmatic review of the military Plasmodium falciparum malaria vaccine research and development program. There was to be a focus on vaccine against the preerythrocytic and blood stages. The IOM formed a committee of 11 experts with collective expertise in malaria vaccine research, parasite immunology, malarial biology, clinical trials and regulatory affairs, industrial and public-sector vaccine development, biologic products research and development (vaccinology), military research and development programs, tropical medicine, and public health. The committee focused different tasks including determining whether the DoD malaria vaccine research and development program is scientifically sound and able to achieve the vaccine program objectives within specified timelines, recommending how to overcome significant, identified barriers, and identifying major strategic goals and timelines based on the material received and presentations made by the DoD's program representatives. Battling Malaria: Strengthening the U.S. Military Malaria Vaccine Program presents the committee's findings, current malaria vaccines, and recommendations for the development of the U.S. Military vaccine research.
The Fight Against Malaria in Malaria-Endemic Countries by Petra Heyen Pdf
Master's Thesis from the year 2004 in the subject Health - Miscellaneous, grade: sehr gut, University of Bonn (Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Fakultät), language: English, abstract: Malaria as a disease of the poorest in the world is on the global agenda. Many different groups take efforts in order to tackle malaria. Facing the fact that mainly children and pregnant women present the biggest problems it is difficult to maintain a logical way in order to improve the malaria situation. Therefore, organization and coordination of the efforts is an area of improvement. For example, various Public Private Partnerships have partly identical missions (e.g. GAVI and MVI), and there is good reason for combining their efforts and save administrative resources. The first step in a logic chain should be to provide better diagnostic features for the correct detection of malaria with the consequence of an adequate treatment. Country surveillance programs need to be set up in order follow resistance patterns, treatment effects, demographic patterns etc. In parallel better therapeutic and preventive measures need to be developed in order to win the race against resistance of vectors as well as parasites. All these efforts need to be planned, coordinated, managed and regulated. This requests one global coordinator with an "umbrella function" that defines rules for all partners involved and manages the cooperation. The umbrella function should sit within a non-profit organization with long-term experience in the field, in other words the UN and more precisely the WHO. Cooperating partners can be of very different origins like industry, governments, private and public foundations, NGOs, etc. Many of these organizations already exist, but their efforts are partly the same, some themes are left out the scope. Therefore, the general recommendation would be to better streamline existing initiatives, partly redefine their mission and vision and make optimal use of existing resourc
King K. Holmes,Stefano Bertozzi,Barry R. Bloom,Prabhat Jha
Author : King K. Holmes,Stefano Bertozzi,Barry R. Bloom,Prabhat Jha Publisher : World Bank Publications Page : 506 pages File Size : 42,5 Mb Release : 2017-11-06 Category : Medical ISBN : 9781464805257
Disease Control Priorities, Third Edition (Volume 6) by King K. Holmes,Stefano Bertozzi,Barry R. Bloom,Prabhat Jha Pdf
Infectious diseases are the leading cause of death globally, particularly among children and young adults. The spread of new pathogens and the threat of antimicrobial resistance pose particular challenges in combating these diseases. Major Infectious Diseases identifies feasible, cost-effective packages of interventions and strategies across delivery platforms to prevent and treat HIV/AIDS, other sexually transmitted infections, tuberculosis, malaria, adult febrile illness, viral hepatitis, and neglected tropical diseases. The volume emphasizes the need to effectively address emerging antimicrobial resistance, strengthen health systems, and increase access to care. The attainable goals are to reduce incidence, develop innovative approaches, and optimize existing tools in resource-constrained settings.
Institute of Medicine,Board on Global Health,Committee on the Economics of Antimalarial Drugs
Author : Institute of Medicine,Board on Global Health,Committee on the Economics of Antimalarial Drugs Publisher : National Academies Press Page : 384 pages File Size : 54,8 Mb Release : 2004-09-09 Category : Medical ISBN : 9780309165938
Saving Lives, Buying Time by Institute of Medicine,Board on Global Health,Committee on the Economics of Antimalarial Drugs Pdf
For more than 50 years, low-cost antimalarial drugs silently saved millions of lives and cured billions of debilitating infections. Today, however, these drugs no longer work against the deadliest form of malaria that exists throughout the world. Malaria deaths in sub-Saharan Africaâ€"currently just over one million per yearâ€"are rising because of increased resistance to the old, inexpensive drugs. Although effective new drugs called "artemisinins" are available, they are unaffordable for the majority of the affected population, even at a cost of one dollar per course. Saving Lives, Buying Time: Economics of Malaria Drugs in an Age of Resistance examines the history of malaria treatments, provides an overview of the current drug crisis, and offers recommendations on maximizing access to and effectiveness of antimalarial drugs. The book finds that most people in endemic countries will not have access to currently effective combination treatments, which should include an artemisinin, without financing from the global community. Without funding for effective treatment, malaria mortality could double over the next 10 to 20 years and transmission will intensify.
United States. Congress. House. Committee on Foreign Affairs. Subcommittee on Africa, Global Health, and Human Rights
Author : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Foreign Affairs. Subcommittee on Africa, Global Health, and Human Rights Publisher : Unknown Page : 96 pages File Size : 44,6 Mb Release : 2011 Category : Medical ISBN : UCSD:31822038360731
Program on Forced Migration and Health at the Mailman School of Public Health of Columbia University,National Research Council,Committee on Population,Roundtable on the Demography of Forced Migration,Holly A. Williams,Peter B. Bloland
Author : Program on Forced Migration and Health at the Mailman School of Public Health of Columbia University,National Research Council,Committee on Population,Roundtable on the Demography of Forced Migration,Holly A. Williams,Peter B. Bloland Publisher : National Academies Press Page : 181 pages File Size : 54,7 Mb Release : 2003-01-16 Category : Medical ISBN : 9780309086158
Malaria Control During Mass Population Movements and Natural Disasters by Program on Forced Migration and Health at the Mailman School of Public Health of Columbia University,National Research Council,Committee on Population,Roundtable on the Demography of Forced Migration,Holly A. Williams,Peter B. Bloland Pdf
Admittedly, the world and the nature of forced migration have changed a great deal over the last two decades. The relevance of data accumulated during that time period can now be called into question. The roundtable and the Program on Forced Migration at the Mailman School of Public Health of Columbia University have commissioned a series of epidemiological reviews on priority public health problems for forced migrants that will update the state of knowledge. Malaria Control During Mass Population Movements and Natural Disasters- the first in the series, provides a basic overview of the state of knowledge of epidemiology of malaria and public health interventions and practices for controlling the disease in situations involving forced migration and conflict.
A fascinating and shocking historical exposé, The Malaria Project is the story of America's secret mission to combat malaria during World War II—a campaign modeled after a German project which tested experimental drugs on men gone mad from syphilis. American war planners, foreseeing the tactical need for a malaria drug, recreated the German model, then grew it tenfold. Quickly becoming the biggest and most important medical initiative of the war, the project tasked dozens of the country’s top research scientists and university labs to find a treatment to remedy half a million U.S. troops incapacitated by malaria. Spearheading the new U.S. effort was Dr. Lowell T. Coggeshall, the son of a poor Indiana farmer whose persistent drive and curiosity led him to become one of the most innovative thinkers in solving the malaria problem. He recruited private corporations, such as today's Squibb and Eli Lilly, and the nation’s best chemists out of Harvard and Johns Hopkins to make novel compounds that skilled technicians tested on birds. Giants in the field of clinical research, including the future NIH director James Shannon, then tested the drugs on mental health patients and convicted criminals—including infamous murderer Nathan Leopold. By 1943, a dozen strains of malaria brought home in the veins of sick soldiers were injected into these human guinea pigs for drug studies. After hundreds of trials and many deaths, they found their “magic bullet,” but not in a U.S. laboratory. America 's best weapon against malaria, still used today, was captured in battle from the Nazis. Called chloroquine, it went on to save more lives than any other drug in history. Karen M. Masterson, a journalist turned malaria researcher, uncovers the complete story behind this dark tale of science, medicine and war. Illuminating, riveting and surprising, The Malaria Project captures the ethical perils of seeking treatments for disease while ignoring the human condition.
Mosquitoes are often considered the deadliest animals on Earth, mostly because they spread malaria. Without treatment, malaria can be fatal. Using things such as mosquito nets and insecticides, people are fighting malaria by fighting the bugs that spread it. Malaria explores the history and science behind this disease, as well as how it's treated. Easy-to-read text, vivid images, and helpful back matter give readers a clear look at this subject. Features include a table of contents, infographics, a glossary, additional resources, and an index. Aligned to Common Core Standards and correlated to state standards. Core Library is an imprint of Abdo Publishing, a division of ABDO.
Institute of Medicine,Division of International Health,Committee for the Study on Malaria Prevention and Control
Author : Institute of Medicine,Division of International Health,Committee for the Study on Malaria Prevention and Control Publisher : National Academies Press Page : 312 pages File Size : 48,9 Mb Release : 1991-02-01 Category : Medical ISBN : 0309045274
Malaria by Institute of Medicine,Division of International Health,Committee for the Study on Malaria Prevention and Control Pdf
Malaria is making a dramatic comeback in the world. The disease is the foremost health challenge in Africa south of the Sahara, and people traveling to malarious areas are at increased risk of malaria-related sickness and death. This book examines the prospects for bringing malaria under control, with specific recommendations for U.S. policy, directions for research and program funding, and appropriate roles for federal and international agencies and the medical and public health communities. The volume reports on the current status of malaria research, prevention, and control efforts worldwide. The authors present study results and commentary on the: Nature, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and epidemiology of malaria. Biology of the malaria parasite and its vector. Prospects for developing malaria vaccines and improved treatments. Economic, social, and behavioral factors in malaria control.
Author : World Health Organization Publisher : World Health Organization Page : 35 pages File Size : 42,5 Mb Release : 2015-11-04 Category : Medical ISBN : 9789241564991
Global Technical Strategy for Malaria 2016-2030 by World Health Organization Pdf
The World Health Organization's Global Technical Strategy for Malaria 2016- 2030 has been developed with the aim to help countries to reduce the human suffering caused by the world's deadliest mosquito-borne disease. Adopted by the World Health Assembly in May 2015 it provides comprehensive technical guidance to countries and development partners for the next 15 years emphasizing the importance of scaling up malaria responses and moving towards elimination. It also highlights the urgent need to increase investments across all interventions - including preventive measures diagnostic testing treatment and disease surveillance- as well as in harnessing innovation and expanding research. By adopting this strategy WHO Member States have endorsed the bold vision of a world free of malaria and set the ambitious new target of reducing the global malaria burden by 90% by 2030. They also agreed to strengthen health systems address emerging multi-drug and insecticide resistance and intensify national cross-border and regional efforts to scale up malaria responses to protect everyone at risk.
The Making of a Tropical Disease by Randall M. Packard Pdf
A global history of malaria that traces the natural and social forces that have shaped its spread and made it deadly, while limiting efforts to eliminate it. Malaria sickens hundreds of millions of people—and kills nearly a half a million—each year. Despite massive efforts to eradicate the disease, it remains a major public health problem in poorer tropical regions. But malaria has not always been concentrated in tropical areas. How did malaria disappear from other regions, and why does it persist in the tropics? From Russia to Bengal to Palm Beach, Randall M. Packard's far-ranging narrative shows how the history of malaria has been driven by the interplay of social, biological, economic, and environmental forces. The shifting alignment of these forces has largely determined the social and geographical distribution of the disease, including its initial global expansion, its subsequent retreat to the tropics, and its current persistence. Packard argues that efforts to control and eliminate malaria have often ignored this reality, relying on the use of biotechnologies to fight the disease. Failure to address the forces driving malaria transmission have undermined past control efforts. Describing major changes in both the epidemiology of malaria and efforts to control the disease, the revised edition of this acclaimed history, which was chosen as the 2008 End Malaria Awards Book of the Year in its original printing, • examines recent efforts to eradicate malaria following massive increases in funding and political commitment; • discusses the development of new malaria-fighting biotechnologies, including long-lasting insecticide-treated nets, rapid diagnostic tests, combination artemisinin therapies, and genetically modified mosquitoes; • explores the efficacy of newly developed vaccines; and • explains why eliminating malaria will also require addressing the social forces that drive the disease and building health infrastructures that can identify and treat the last cases of malaria. Authoritative, fascinating, and eye-opening, this short history of malaria concludes with policy recommendations for improving control strategies and saving lives.