Between Threats And War

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Between Threats and War

Author : Micah Zenko
Publisher : Stanford University Press
Page : 240 pages
File Size : 42,8 Mb
Release : 2010-08-03
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780804775168

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Between Threats and War by Micah Zenko Pdf

When confronted with a persistent foreign policy problem that threatens U.S. interests, and that cannot be adequately addressed through economic or political pressure, American policymakers and opinion formers have increasingly resorted to recommending the use of limited military force: that is, enough force to attempt to resolve the problem while minimizing U.S. military deaths, local civilian casualties, and collateral damage. These recommendations have ranged from the bizarre—such as a Predator missile strike to kill Zimbabwean President Robert Mugabe, or the assassination of Venezuelan President Hugo Chavez—to the unwise—the preemptive bombing of North Korean ballistic missile sites—to the demonstrably practical—air raids into Bosnia and Somalia, and drone strikes in Yemen and Pakistan. However, even though they have been a regular feature of America's uses of military force through four successive administrations, the efficacy of these "Discrete Military Operations" (DMOs) remains largely unanalyzed, leaving unanswered the important question of whether or not they have succeeded in achieving their intended military and political objectives. In response, Micah Zenko examines the thirty-six DMOs undertaken by the US over the past 20 years, in order to discern why they were used, if they achieved their objectives, and what determined their success or failure. In the process, he both evaluates U.S. policy choices and recommends ways in which limited military force can be better used in the future. The insights and recommendations made by Zenko will be increasingly relevant to making decisions and predictions about the development of American grand strategy and future military policy.

The Worth of War

Author : Benjamin Ginsberg
Publisher : Prometheus Books
Page : 258 pages
File Size : 49,7 Mb
Release : 2014-09-02
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781616149512

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The Worth of War by Benjamin Ginsberg Pdf

Although war is terrible and brutal, history shows that it has been a great driver of human progress. So argues political scientist Benjamin Ginsberg in this incisive, well-researched study of the benefits to civilization derived from armed conflict. Ginsberg makes a convincing case that war selects for and promotes certain features of societies that are generally held to represent progress. These include rationality, technological and economic development, and liberal forms of government. Contrary to common perceptions that war is the height of irrationality, Ginsberg persuasively demonstrates that in fact it is the ultimate test of rationality. He points out that those societies best able to assess threats from enemies rationally and objectively are usually the survivors of warfare. History also clearly reveals the technological benefits that result from war—ranging from the sundial to nuclear power. And in regard to economics, preparation for war often spurs on economic development; by the same token, nations with economic clout in peacetime usually have a huge advantage in times of war. Finally, war and the threat of war have encouraged governments to become more congenial to the needs and wants of their citizens because of the increasing reliance of governments on their citizens’ full cooperation in times of war. However deplorable the realities of war are, the many fascinating examples and astute analysis in this thought-provoking book will make readers reconsider the unmistakable connection between war and progress.

The Strategy of Conflict

Author : Thomas C. Schelling
Publisher : Harvard University Press
Page : 332 pages
File Size : 48,5 Mb
Release : 1980
Category : History
ISBN : 0674840313

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The Strategy of Conflict by Thomas C. Schelling Pdf

Analyzes the nature of international disagreements and conflict resolution in terms of game theory and non-zero-sum games.

Cyber War

Author : Richard A. Clarke,Robert K. Knake
Publisher : Harper Collins
Page : 318 pages
File Size : 52,8 Mb
Release : 2010-04-02
Category : History
ISBN : 9780061992391

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Cyber War by Richard A. Clarke,Robert K. Knake Pdf

An essential, eye-opening book about cyberterrorism, cyber war, and the next great threat to our national security. “Cyber War may be the most important book about national security policy in the last several years.” –Slate Former presidential advisor and counter-terrorism expert Richard A. Clarke sounds a timely and chilling warning about America’s vulnerability in a terrifying new international conflict. Cyber War is a powerful book about technology, government, and military strategy; about criminals, spies, soldiers, and hackers. It explains clearly and convincingly what cyber war is, and how vulnerable we are as a nation and as individuals to the vast and looming web of cyber criminals. Every concerned American should read this startling and explosive book that offers an insider’s view of White House ‘Situation Room’ operations and carries the reader to the frontlines of our cyber defense. Cyber War exposes a virulent threat to our nation’s security.

What Every Person Should Know About War

Author : Chris Hedges
Publisher : Simon and Schuster
Page : 196 pages
File Size : 49,5 Mb
Release : 2007-11-01
Category : History
ISBN : 9781416583141

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What Every Person Should Know About War by Chris Hedges Pdf

Acclaimed New York Times journalist and author Chris Hedges offers a critical -- and fascinating -- lesson in the dangerous realities of our age: a stark look at the effects of war on combatants. Utterly lacking in rhetoric or dogma, this manual relies instead on bare fact, frank description, and a spare question-and-answer format. Hedges allows U.S. military documentation of the brutalizing physical and psychological consequences of combat to speak for itself. Hedges poses dozens of questions that young soldiers might ask about combat, and then answers them by quoting from medical and psychological studies. • What are my chances of being wounded or killed if we go to war? • What does it feel like to get shot? • What do artillery shells do to you? • What is the most painful way to get wounded? • Will I be afraid? • What could happen to me in a nuclear attack? • What does it feel like to kill someone? • Can I withstand torture? • What are the long-term consequences of combat stress? • What will happen to my body after I die? This profound and devastating portrayal of the horrors to which we subject our armed forces stands as a ringing indictment of the glorification of war and the concealment of its barbarity.

Mobilizing Force

Author : David Kuehn,Yagil Levy
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 195 pages
File Size : 53,7 Mb
Release : 2021-05-10
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 1626379394

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Mobilizing Force by David Kuehn,Yagil Levy Pdf

The Stupidity of War

Author : John Mueller
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 343 pages
File Size : 41,8 Mb
Release : 2021-03-04
Category : History
ISBN : 9781108843836

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The Stupidity of War by John Mueller Pdf

This innovative argument shows the consequences of increased aversion to international war for foreign and military policy.

Between Peace and War

Author : Richard Ned Lebow
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 556 pages
File Size : 44,9 Mb
Release : 2020-08-31
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9783030434434

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Between Peace and War by Richard Ned Lebow Pdf

This is an updated edition of the now-classic original of the same title. It has three new substantial chapters: a prologue, a chapter on new evidence on World War I, and an epilogue. The updated edition contains the now-famous typology of international crisis, the original critique of deterrence, the emphasis on agency, and the turn to political psychology to explain sharp departures from rational policy-making. The new chapters update and reevaluate these arguments and approach a critical hindsight assessment in light of post-Cold War developments.

Nuclear Shadowboxing: Contemporary Threats from Cold War Weaponry; Volume 1: Cold War Redux

Author : Alexander DeVolpi,Vladimir E. Minkov,Vadim A. Simonenko,George S. Stanford
Publisher : DeVolpi, Inc.
Page : 397 pages
File Size : 45,6 Mb
Release : 2004
Category : History
ISBN : 9780977773404

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Nuclear Shadowboxing: Contemporary Threats from Cold War Weaponry; Volume 1: Cold War Redux by Alexander DeVolpi,Vladimir E. Minkov,Vadim A. Simonenko,George S. Stanford Pdf

NL ARMS Netherlands Annual Review of Military Studies 2020

Author : Frans Osinga,Tim Sweijs
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 538 pages
File Size : 42,7 Mb
Release : 2020-12-03
Category : Law
ISBN : 9789462654198

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NL ARMS Netherlands Annual Review of Military Studies 2020 by Frans Osinga,Tim Sweijs Pdf

This open access volume surveys the state of the field to examine whether a fifth wave of deterrence theory is emerging. Bringing together insights from world-leading experts from three continents, the volume identifies the most pressing strategic challenges, frames theoretical concepts, and describes new strategies. The use and utility of deterrence in today’s strategic environment is a topic of paramount concern to scholars, strategists and policymakers. Ours is a period of considerable strategic turbulence, which in recent years has featured a renewed emphasis on nuclear weapons used in defence postures across different theatres; a dramatic growth in the scale of military cyber capabilities and the frequency with which these are used; and rapid technological progress including the proliferation of long-range strike and unmanned systems. These military-strategic developments occur in a polarized international system, where cooperation between leading powers on arms control regimes is breaking down, states widely make use of hybrid conflict strategies, and the number of internationalized intrastate proxy conflicts has quintupled over the past two decades. Contemporary conflict actors exploit a wider gamut of coercive instruments, which they apply across a wider range of domains. The prevalence of multi-domain coercion across but also beyond traditional dimensions of armed conflict raises an important question: what does effective deterrence look like in the 21st century? Answering that question requires a re-appraisal of key theoretical concepts and dominant strategies of Western and non-Western actors in order to assess how they hold up in today’s world. Air Commodore Professor Dr. Frans Osinga is the Chair of the War Studies Department of the Netherlands Defence Academy and the Special Chair in War Studies at the University Leiden. Dr. Tim Sweijs is the Director of Research at The Hague Centre for Strategic Studies and a Research Fellow at the Faculty of Military Sciences of the Netherlands Defence Academy in Breda.

Targeting Civilians in War

Author : Alexander B. Downes
Publisher : Cornell University Press
Page : 328 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 2011-05-15
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780801457296

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Targeting Civilians in War by Alexander B. Downes Pdf

Accidental harm to civilians in warfare often becomes an occasion for public outrage, from citizens of both the victimized and the victimizing nation. In this vitally important book on a topic of acute concern for anyone interested in military strategy, international security, or human rights, Alexander B. Downes reminds readers that democratic and authoritarian governments alike will sometimes deliberately kill large numbers of civilians as a matter of military strategy. What leads governments to make such a choice? Downes examines several historical cases: British counterinsurgency tactics during the Boer War, the starvation blockade used by the Allies against Germany in World War I, Axis and Allied bombing campaigns in World War II, and ethnic cleansing in the Palestine War. He concludes that governments decide to target civilian populations for two main reasons—desperation to reduce their own military casualties or avert defeat, or a desire to seize and annex enemy territory. When a state's military fortunes take a turn for the worse, he finds, civilians are more likely to be declared legitimate targets to coerce the enemy state to give up. When territorial conquest and annexation are the aims of warfare, the population of the disputed land is viewed as a threat and the aggressor state may target those civilians to remove them. Democracies historically have proven especially likely to target civilians in desperate circumstances. In Targeting Civilians in War, Downes explores several major recent conflicts, including the 1991 Persian Gulf War and the American-led invasion of Iraq in 2003. Civilian casualties occurred in each campaign, but they were not the aim of military action. In these cases, Downes maintains, the achievement of quick and decisive victories against overmatched foes allowed democracies to win without abandoning their normative beliefs by intentionally targeting civilians. Whether such "restraint" can be guaranteed in future conflicts against more powerful adversaries is, however, uncertain. During times of war, democratic societies suffer tension between norms of humane conduct and pressures to win at the lowest possible costs. The painful lesson of Targeting Civilians in War is that when these two concerns clash, the latter usually prevails.

Nuclear Threats, Nuclear Fear and the Cold War of the 1980s

Author : Eckart Conze,Martin Klimke,Jeremy Varon
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 387 pages
File Size : 53,5 Mb
Release : 2017
Category : History
ISBN : 9781107136281

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Nuclear Threats, Nuclear Fear and the Cold War of the 1980s by Eckart Conze,Martin Klimke,Jeremy Varon Pdf

The book brings together cutting-edge scholarship from the United States and Europe to address political and cultural responses to the arms race of the 1980s.

Cyber Operations and International Law

Author : François Delerue
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 545 pages
File Size : 47,9 Mb
Release : 2020-03-19
Category : Law
ISBN : 9781108490276

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Cyber Operations and International Law by François Delerue Pdf

This book offers a comprehensive overview of the international law applicable to cyber operations. It is grounded in international law, but is also of interest for non-legal researchers, notably in political science and computer science. Outside academia, it will appeal to legal advisors, policymakers, and military organisations.

Post-Cold War Conflict Deterrence

Author : National Research Council,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Commission on Physical Sciences, Mathematics, and Applications,Naval Studies Board
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 243 pages
File Size : 41,9 Mb
Release : 1997-04-02
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9780309175104

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Post-Cold War Conflict Deterrence by National Research Council,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Commission on Physical Sciences, Mathematics, and Applications,Naval Studies Board Pdf

Deterrence as a strategic concept evolved during the Cold War. During that period, deterrence strategy was aimed mainly at preventing aggression against the United States and its close allies by the hostile Communist power centersâ€"the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) and its allies, Communist China and North Korea. In particular, the strategy was devised to prevent aggression involving nuclear attack by the USSR or China. Since the end of the Cold War, the risk of war among the major powers has subsided to the lowest point in modern history. Still, the changing nature of the threats to American and allied security interests has stimulated a considerable broadening of the deterrence concept. Post-Cold War Conflict Deterrence examines the meaning of deterrence in this new environment and identifies key elements of a post-Cold War deterrence strategy and the critical issues in devising such a strategy. It further examines the significance of these findings for the U.S. Navy and Marine Corps. Quantitative and qualitative measures to support judgments about the potential success or failure of deterrence are identified. Such measures will bear on the suitability of the naval forces to meet the deterrence objectives. The capabilities of U.S. naval forces that especially bear on the deterrence objectives also are examined. Finally, the book examines the utility of models, games, and simulations as decision aids in improving the naval forces' understanding of situations in which deterrence must be used and in improving the potential success of deterrence actions.

Cyber War Will Not Take Place

Author : Thomas Rid
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
Page : 235 pages
File Size : 53,8 Mb
Release : 2013
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9780199330638

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Cyber War Will Not Take Place by Thomas Rid Pdf

"Published in the United Kingdom in 2013 by C. Hurst & Co. (Publishers) Ltd"--Title page verso.