Big Data Crime And Social Control

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Big Data, Crime and Social Control

Aleš Završnik
Big Data Crime and Social Control Book PDF

Author : Aleš Završnik
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 286 pages
File Size : 43,7 Mb
Release : 2017-09-20
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781315395760

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Big Data, Crime and Social Control by Aleš Završnik Pdf

From predictive policing to self-surveillance to private security, the potential uses to of big data in crime control pose serious legal and ethical challenges relating to privacy, discrimination, and the presumption of innocence. The book is about the impacts of the use of big data analytics on social and crime control and on fundamental liberties. Drawing on research from Europe and the US, this book identifies the various ways in which law and ethics intersect with the application of big data in social and crime control, considers potential challenges to human rights and democracy and recommends regulatory solutions and best practice. This book focuses on changes in knowledge production and the manifold sites of contemporary surveillance, ranging from self-surveillance to corporate and state surveillance. It tackles the implications of big data and predictive algorithmic analytics for social justice, social equality, and social power: concepts at the very core of crime and social control. This book will be of interest to scholars and students of criminology, sociology, politics and socio-legal studies.

The Rise of Big Data Policing

Andrew Guthrie Ferguson
The Rise of Big Data Policing Book PDF

Author : Andrew Guthrie Ferguson
Publisher : NYU Press
Page : 267 pages
File Size : 45,9 Mb
Release : 2019-11-15
Category : Law
ISBN : 9781479869978

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The Rise of Big Data Policing by Andrew Guthrie Ferguson Pdf

Winner, 2018 Law & Legal Studies PROSE Award The consequences of big data and algorithm-driven policing and its impact on law enforcement In a high-tech command center in downtown Los Angeles, a digital map lights up with 911 calls, television monitors track breaking news stories, surveillance cameras sweep the streets, and rows of networked computers link analysts and police officers to a wealth of law enforcement intelligence. This is just a glimpse into a future where software predicts future crimes, algorithms generate virtual “most-wanted” lists, and databanks collect personal and biometric information. The Rise of Big Data Policing introduces the cutting-edge technology that is changing how the police do their jobs and shows why it is more important than ever that citizens understand the far-reaching consequences of big data surveillance as a law enforcement tool. Andrew Guthrie Ferguson reveals how these new technologies —viewed as race-neutral and objective—have been eagerly adopted by police departments hoping to distance themselves from claims of racial bias and unconstitutional practices. After a series of high-profile police shootings and federal investigations into systemic police misconduct, and in an era of law enforcement budget cutbacks, data-driven policing has been billed as a way to “turn the page” on racial bias. But behind the data are real people, and difficult questions remain about racial discrimination and the potential to distort constitutional protections. In this first book on big data policing, Ferguson offers an examination of how new technologies will alter the who, where, when and how we police. These new technologies also offer data-driven methods to improve police accountability and to remedy the underlying socio-economic risk factors that encourage crime. The Rise of Big Data Policing is a must read for anyone concerned with how technology will revolutionize law enforcement and its potential threat to the security, privacy, and constitutional rights of citizens. Read an excerpt and interview with Andrew Guthrie Ferguson in The Economist.

Crime and Punishment in the Future Internet

Sanja Milivojevic
Crime and Punishment in the Future Internet Book PDF

Author : Sanja Milivojevic
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 141 pages
File Size : 40,9 Mb
Release : 2021-04-21
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9781000374391

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Crime and Punishment in the Future Internet by Sanja Milivojevic Pdf

Crime and Punishment in the Future Internet is an examination of the development and impact of digital frontier technologies (DFTs) such as Artificial Intelligence, the Internet of things, autonomous mobile robots, and blockchain on offending, crime control, the criminal justice system, and the discipline of criminology. It poses criminological, legal, ethical, and policy questions linked to such development and anticipates the impact of DFTs on crime and offending. It forestalls their wide-ranging consequences, including the proliferation of new types of vulnerability, policing and other mechanisms of social control, and the threat of pervasive and intrusive surveillance. Two key concerns lie at the heart of this volume. First, the book investigates the origins and development of emerging DFTs and their interactions with criminal behaviour, crime prevention, victimisation, and crime control. It also investigates the future advances and likely impact of such processes on a range of social actors: citizens, non-citizens, offenders, victims of crime, judiciary and law enforcement, media, NGOs. This book does not adopt technological determinism that suggests technology alone drives social development. Yet, while it is impossible to know where the emerging technologies are taking us, there is no doubt that DFTs will shape the way we engage with and experience criminal behaviour in the twenty-first century. As such, this book starts the conversation about a range of essential topics that this expansion brings to social sciences, and begins to decipher challenges we will be facing in the future. An accessible and compelling read, this book will appeal to those engaged with criminology, sociology, politics, policymaking, and all those interested in the impact of DFTs on the criminal justice system.

Criminal Futures

Simon Egbert,Matthias Leese
Criminal Futures Book PDF

Author : Simon Egbert,Matthias Leese
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 277 pages
File Size : 53,6 Mb
Release : 2020-12-14
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781000281828

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Criminal Futures by Simon Egbert,Matthias Leese Pdf

This book explores how predictive policing transforms police work. Police departments around the world have started to use data-driven applications to produce crime forecasts and intervene into the future through targeted prevention measures. Based on three years of field research in Germany and Switzerland, this book provides a theoretically sophisticated and empirically detailed account of how the police produce and act upon criminal futures as part of their everyday work practices. The authors argue that predictive policing must not be analyzed as an isolated technological artifact, but as part of a larger sociotechnical system that is embedded in organizational structures and occupational cultures. The book highlights how, for crime prediction software to come to matter and play a role in more efficient and targeted police work, several translation processes are needed to align human and nonhuman actors across different divisions of police work. Police work is a key function for the production and maintenance of public order, but it can also discriminate, exclude, and violate civil liberties and human rights. When criminal futures come into being in the form of algorithmically produced risk estimates, this can have wide-ranging consequences. Building on empirical findings, the book presents a number of practical recommendations for the prudent use of algorithmic analysis tools in police work that will speak to the protection of civil liberties and human rights as much as they will speak to the professional needs of police organizations. An accessible and compelling read, this book will appeal to students and scholars of criminology, sociology, and cultural studies as well as to police practitioners and civil liberties advocates, in addition to all those who are interested in how to implement reasonable forms of data-driven policing.

Automating Crime Prevention, Surveillance, and Military Operations

Aleš Završnik,Vasja Badalič
Automating Crime Prevention Surveillance and Military Operations Book PDF

Author : Aleš Završnik,Vasja Badalič
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 252 pages
File Size : 43,5 Mb
Release : 2021-08-19
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9783030732769

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Automating Crime Prevention, Surveillance, and Military Operations by Aleš Završnik,Vasja Badalič Pdf

This interdisciplinary volume critically explores how the ever-increasing use of automated systems is changing policing, criminal justice systems, and military operations at the national and international level. The book examines the ways in which automated systems are beneficial to society, while addressing the risks they represent for human rights. This book starts with a historical overview of how different types of knowledge have transformed crime control and the security domain, comparing those epistemological shifts with the current shift caused by knowledge produced with high-tech information technology tools such as big data analytics, machine learning, and artificial intelligence. The first part explores the use of automated systems, such as predictive policing and platform policing, in law enforcement. The second part analyzes the use of automated systems, such as algorithms used in sentencing and parole decisions, in courts of law. The third part examines the use and misuse of automated systems for surveillance and social control. The fourth part discusses the use of lethal (semi)autonomous weapons systems in armed conflicts. An essential read for researchers, politicians, and advocates interested in the use and potential misuse of automated systems in crime control, this diverse volume draws expertise from such fields as criminology, law, sociology, philosophy, and anthropology.

The Fight Against Impunity in EU Law

Luisa Marin,Stefano Montaldo
The Fight Against Impunity in EU Law Book PDF

Author : Luisa Marin,Stefano Montaldo
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
Page : 530 pages
File Size : 48,7 Mb
Release : 2020-11-26
Category : Law
ISBN : 9781509926886

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The Fight Against Impunity in EU Law by Luisa Marin,Stefano Montaldo Pdf

The fight against impunity is an increasingly central concept in EU law-making and adjudication. What is the meaning and the scope of impunity as a legal concept in the EU legal order? How does the fight against impunity influence policy and adjudication? This timely first piece of comprehensive research aims to to address these largely unexplored questions, which involve structural institutional and substantive dilemmas underpinning the most recent developments of the European integration process. In recent years, the fight against impunity has become a pressing concern for the European institutions. It has shaped several EU policies and has led to a recurring argument in the case law of the Court of Justice. The book sheds light on this elusive notion, providing a much needed conceptual appraisal. The first section examines the scope of the notion of impunity, and its role in the EU decision-making process and in the development of EU competences. Subsequent sections discuss the implications of impunity - and of the fight against it - in a variety of complementary domains, namely the allocation of criminal jurisdiction, mutual recognition instruments, the rise of new surveillance technologies and the external dimension of the Area of Freedom, Security and Justice. This book is an original and timely contribution to scholarship, which is of interest to academics, researchers and policy-makers alike.

Crime, Deviance, and Social Control in the 21st Century

Claudio Colaguori
Crime Deviance and Social Control in the 21st Century Book PDF

Author : Claudio Colaguori
Publisher : Canadian Scholars
Page : 564 pages
File Size : 47,9 Mb
Release : 2023-03-06
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781773383330

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Crime, Deviance, and Social Control in the 21st Century by Claudio Colaguori Pdf

Crime, Deviance, and Social Control in the 21st Century seeks to go beyond traditional criminology texts and handle the subject through a perspective focusing on power interest and social justice. Timely and accessibly written, the text provides a comprehensive overview of social and criminological theory, as well as recent trends in theorizing power and deviance. It also delves into the significant implications the committal and control of crime have for human rights. This text aims to answer the questions: “Who has the power to decide which acts are deviant?”; “Whose interests are being served by a given law?”; and “Which social groups are being disadvantaged when society has been constructed along such legally demarcated lines?” The contributors dissect the criminalization of dissent, the changing nature of what constitutes deviance, internet hate, self-harming, transgender identities, the growing rise of transnational criminal enterprises, internet fraud, and the increased public attention on police practices. With a Canadian focus placed in a global context, the text challenges readers to consider crime and deviance as socially structured phenomena, while recognizing that crime is a worldwide issue. Crime, Deviance, and Social Control in the 21st Century is a critical resource for undergraduate students in criminology, police services, and sociology. FEATURES: - Offers an accessible and comprehensive introductory overview of criminology theory - Employs a social justice approach to the fundamentals of criminology, deviance, law, and social control - Includes bolded key terms, a glossary, real-world case studies, and questions for critical thinking

Big Data Analytics and Its Impact on Basin Water Agreements and International Water Law

Imad Antoine Ibrahim,Rafael Dean Brown,Jon Truby
Big Data Analytics and Its Impact on Basin Water Agreements and International Water Law Book PDF

Author : Imad Antoine Ibrahim,Rafael Dean Brown,Jon Truby
Publisher : BRILL
Page : 181 pages
File Size : 48,5 Mb
Release : 2022-01-17
Category : Law
ISBN : 9789004507623

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Big Data Analytics and Its Impact on Basin Water Agreements and International Water Law by Imad Antoine Ibrahim,Rafael Dean Brown,Jon Truby Pdf

Big data analytics is transforming the water sector at the national and international levels. Its potential impact on transboundary water resource governance is being assessed, in the context of selected basins in this book.

Data Visualization and Statistical Literacy for Open and Big Data

Prodromou, Theodosia
Data Visualization and Statistical Literacy for Open and Big Data Book PDF

Author : Prodromou, Theodosia
Publisher : IGI Global
Page : 365 pages
File Size : 50,9 Mb
Release : 2017-03-20
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9781522525134

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Data Visualization and Statistical Literacy for Open and Big Data by Prodromou, Theodosia Pdf

Data visualization has emerged as a serious scholarly topic, and a wide range of tools have recently been developed at an accelerated pace to aid in this research area. Examining different ways of analyzing big data can result in increased efficiency for many corporations and organizations. Data Visualization and Statistical Literacy for Open and Big Data highlights methodological developments in the way that data analytics is both learned and taught. Featuring extensive coverage on emerging relevant topics such as data complexity, statistics education, and curriculum development, this publication is geared toward teachers, academicians, students, engineers, professionals, and researchers that are interested in expanding their knowledge of data examination and analysis.

The Routledge Handbook of Technology, Crime and Justice

M. R. McGuire,Thomas J. Holt
The Routledge Handbook of Technology Crime and Justice Book PDF

Author : M. R. McGuire,Thomas J. Holt
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
Page : 696 pages
File Size : 45,6 Mb
Release : 2017-02-24
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781317590767

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The Routledge Handbook of Technology, Crime and Justice by M. R. McGuire,Thomas J. Holt Pdf

Technology has become increasingly important to both the function and our understanding of the justice process. Many forms of criminal behaviour are highly dependent upon technology, and crime control has become a predominantly technologically driven process – one where ‘traditional’ technological aids such as fingerprinting or blood sample analysis are supplemented by a dizzying array of tools and techniques including surveillance devices and DNA profiling. This book offers the first comprehensive and holistic overview of global research on technology, crime and justice. It is divided into five parts, each corresponding with the key stages of the offending and justice process: Part I addresses the current conceptual understanding of technology within academia and the criminal justice system; Part II gives a comprehensive overview of the current relations between technology and criminal behaviour; Part III explores the current technologies within crime control and the ways in which technology underpins contemporary formal and informal social control; Part IV sets out some of the fundamental impacts technology is now having upon the judicial process; Part V reveals the emerging technologies for crime, control and justice and considers the extent to which new technology can be effectively regulated. This landmark collection will be essential reading for academics, students and theorists within criminology, sociology, law, engineering and technology, and computer science, as well as practitioners and professionals working within and around the criminal justice system.

Artificial Intelligence, Computational Modelling and Criminal Proceedings

Serena Quattrocolo
Artificial Intelligence Computational Modelling and Criminal Proceedings Book PDF

Author : Serena Quattrocolo
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 230 pages
File Size : 47,8 Mb
Release : 2020-08-27
Category : Law
ISBN : 9783030524708

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Artificial Intelligence, Computational Modelling and Criminal Proceedings by Serena Quattrocolo Pdf

This book discusses issues relating to the application of AI and computational modelling in criminal proceedings from a European perspective. Part one provides a definition of the topics. Rather than focusing on policing or prevention of crime – largely tackled by recent literature – it explores ways in which AI can affect the investigation and adjudication of crime. There are two main areas of application: the first is evidence gathering, which is addressed in Part two. This section examines how traditional evidentiary law is affected by both new ways of investigation – based on automated processes (often using machine learning) – and new kinds of evidence, automatically generated by AI instruments. Drawing on the comprehensive case law of the European Court of Human Rights, it also presents reflections on the reliability and, ultimately, the admissibility of such evidence. Part three investigates the second application area: judicial decision-making, providing an unbiased review of the meaning, benefits, and possible long-term effects of ‘predictive justice’ in the criminal field. It highlights the prediction of both violent behaviour, or recidivism, and future court decisions, based on precedents. Touching on the foundations of common law and civil law traditions, the book offers insights into the usefulness of ‘prediction’ in criminal proceedings.

Algorithmic Institutionalism

Ricardo Fabrino Mendonca,Virgilio Almeida,Fernando Filgueiras
Algorithmic Institutionalism Book PDF

Author : Ricardo Fabrino Mendonca,Virgilio Almeida,Fernando Filgueiras
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 242 pages
File Size : 53,8 Mb
Release : 2023-11-14
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780192697196

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Algorithmic Institutionalism by Ricardo Fabrino Mendonca,Virgilio Almeida,Fernando Filgueiras Pdf

Algorithmic Institutionalism is the first book to conceive algorithms as institutions in contemporary societies, focusing on different dimensions of how they structure decision-making and enact power relations. In many situations in contemporary societies, algorithms structure social interactions, resulting in patterns of action and human behavior in collective contexts. Almeida, Filgueiras, and Mendonca discuss how algorithms are gradually occupying an institutional space in societies, deciding on different aspects of social life and shaping collective and individual human behaviors. As institutions, algorithms work as decision systems that define what is allowed, hindered, facilitated, or made impossible as well as positions within society's organizational structures. Algorithmic institutionalism uses the perspective of institutional theories to explain the functioning of these decision systems and how they establish patterns and norms that affect human behavior and lead to deep changes in contemporary society. The book points to the challenges of political orders that are gradually institutionalized with algorithms, comprising new dynamics of interaction between humans and machines. These disruptive dynamics of interaction between humans and machines create new challenges related to the democratization of algorithms and the impasses that emerge with technological advancement through digital technologies. Providing an analytical framework for an adequate comprehension of the social and political implications of algorithmic systems, Algorithmic institutionalism applies this framework to make sense of recommendation systems, the platformization of governments, and the deployment of algorithms in security. It then addresses the challenge of developing approaches to democratize the new political order influenced by the global expansion of algorithmic decision-making, pointing to key democratic values that are relevant once we consider the construction of legitimate decisions in contemporary societies.

Artificial Intelligence, Social Harms and Human Rights

Aleš Završnik,Katja Simončič
Artificial Intelligence Social Harms and Human Rights Book PDF

Author : Aleš Završnik,Katja Simončič
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 281 pages
File Size : 45,7 Mb
Release : 2023-01-12
Category : Law
ISBN : 9783031191497

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Artificial Intelligence, Social Harms and Human Rights by Aleš Završnik,Katja Simončič Pdf

T​his book critically explores how and to what extent artificial intelligence (AI) can infringe human rights and/or lead to socially harmful consequences and how to avoid these. The European Union has outlined how it will use big data, machine learning, and AI to tackle a number of inherently social problems, including poverty, climate change, social inequality and criminality. The contributors of this book argue that the developments in AI must take place in an appropriate legal and ethical framework and they make recommendations to ensure that harm and human rights violations are avoided. The book is split into two parts: the first addresses human rights violations and harms that may occur in relation to AI in different domains (e.g. border control, surveillance, facial recognition) and the second part offers recommendations to address these issues. It draws on interdisciplinary research and speaks to policy-makers and criminologists, sociologists, scholars in STS studies, security studies scholars and legal scholars.

100 Activities for Teaching Research Ethics and Integrity

Catherine Dawson
100 Activities for Teaching Research Ethics and Integrity Book PDF

Author : Catherine Dawson
Publisher : SAGE
Page : 509 pages
File Size : 48,8 Mb
Release : 2022-07-23
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781529785708

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100 Activities for Teaching Research Ethics and Integrity by Catherine Dawson Pdf

This practical, user-friendly guide consists of 100 original activities that have been designed to inspire and support educators of research ethics and integrity at undergraduate and postgraduate level. Focussing on eight key areas, activities include: • Respecting human dignity, privacy and rights • Obtaining informed consent in the digital world • Capturing data on sexual orientation and gender identity • Recognizing and addressing bias when collecting data • Creating social change through research practice • Assessing the ethical implications of data sharing. Complete with detailed teaching notes and downloadable student handouts, as well as guidance on the type and level of each activity, 100 Activities for Teaching Research Ethics and Integrity is an essential resource for both online and face-to-face teaching.

The Cambridge Handbook of Policing in the United States

Tamara Rice Lave,Eric J. Miller
The Cambridge Handbook of Policing in the United States Book PDF

Author : Tamara Rice Lave,Eric J. Miller
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 615 pages
File Size : 52,8 Mb
Release : 2019-07-04
Category : Law
ISBN : 9781108420556

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The Cambridge Handbook of Policing in the United States by Tamara Rice Lave,Eric J. Miller Pdf

A comprehensive collection on police and policing, written by experts in political theory, sociology, criminology, economics, law, public health, and critical theory.