Biochemical Sites Of Insecticide Action And Resistance

Author : Isaac Ishaaya
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 353 pages
File Size : 52,5 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783642595493

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Biochemical Sites of Insecticide Action and Resistance by Isaac Ishaaya Pdf

In recent years many of the conventional methods of insect control by broad spectrum synthetic chemicals have come under scrutiny because of their unde sirable effects on human health and the environment. In addition, some classes of pesticide chemistry, which generated resistance problems and severely affected the environment, are no longer used. It is against this background that the authors of this book present up-to-date findings-relating to biochemical sites that can serve as targets for developing insecticides with selective prop erties, and as the basis for the elucidation of resistance mechanisms and countermeasures. The book consists of eight chapters relating to biochemical targets for insec ticide action and seven chapters relating to biochemical modes of resistance and countermeasures. The authors of the chapters are world leaders in pesti cide chemistry, biochemical modes of action and mechanisms of resistance. Biochemical sites such as chitin formation, juvenile hormone and ecdysone receptors, acetylcholine and GABA receptors, ion channels, and neuropeptides are potential targets for insecticide action. The progress made in recent years in molecular biology (presented in depth in this volume) has led to the iden tification of genes that confer mechanisms of resistance, such as increased detoxification, decreased penetration and insensitive target sites. A combina tion of factors can lead to potentiation of the resistance level. Classifications of these mechanisms are termed gene amplification, changes in structural genes, and modification of gene expression.

Author : Simon J. Yu
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 294 pages
File Size : 48,8 Mb
Release : 2011-03-05
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781420059762

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The Toxicology and Biochemistry of Insecticides by Simon J. Yu Pdf

The first book in two decades to address this multi-faceted field, The Toxicology and Biochemistry of Insecticides provides the most up-to-date information on insecticide classification, formulation, mode of action, resistance, metabolism, environmental fate, and regulatory legislation. The book draws on the author's groundbreaking research

Author : National Research Council,Board on Agriculture,Committee on Strategies for the Management of Pesticide Resistant Pest Populations
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 484 pages
File Size : 54,5 Mb
Release : 1986-02-01
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9780309036276

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Pesticide Resistance by National Research Council,Board on Agriculture,Committee on Strategies for the Management of Pesticide Resistant Pest Populations Pdf

Based on a symposium sponsored by the Board on Agriculture, this comprehensive book explores the problem of pesticide resistance; suggests new approaches to monitor, control, or prevent resistance; and identifies the changes in public policy necessary to protect crops and human health from the ravages of pests. The volume synthesizes the most recent information from a wide range of disciplines, including entomology, genetics, plant pathology, biochemistry, economics, and public policy. It also suggests research avenues that would indicate how to counter future problems. A glossary provides the reader with additional guidance.

Author : J.E. Chambers,T. Narahashi
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 277 pages
File Size : 48,7 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781468413243

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Insecticide Action by J.E. Chambers,T. Narahashi Pdf

Intoxication of humans and animals has become increasingly important in recent years as has contamination of the environment by a variety of chemicals. In order to develop effective means by which such intoxication and contamination can be properly handled, it is imperative to know how these environmental agents act in humans and animals. Despite studies conducted by various investigators, the mechanisms of action of these environmental agents have not been fully elucidated. Insecticides are by no means an exception in terms of the seriousness of the problem and of the urgency of the need for such information. In order to complete a picture of the effects of any particular insecticide, it is of utmost importance that its actions at various levels ranging from those of molecules to whole animals be analyzed and synthesized. To understand the toxicological action on animals or humans, it is not sufficient to know the action at each level only. The actions at various levels must be integrated to construct a picture of the toxic effect on the intact organism. However, in spite of the large body of information that has been accumulated during the past few decades, little or no attempt has been made to integrate experimental data obtained at the molecular, cellular, organ, and animal levels together in order to define the whole picture of insecticidal action.

Author : R. D. O'Brien
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 347 pages
File Size : 43,8 Mb
Release : 2014-06-28
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781483270685

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Insecticides by R. D. O'Brien Pdf

Insecticides: Action and Metabolism provides a comprehensive review of the action of insecticides and a survey of their metabolism. This book discusses the toxicology of insecticides. Organized into 17 chapters, this book begins with an overview of the mechanisms whereby toxicants exert their effects. This text then discusses the insecticidal action of organophosphates, which is described as the toxic organic compounds containing phosphorus. Other chapters consider the mode of action of organophosphates by inhibiting cholinesterase with consequent disruption of nervous activity caused by accumulation of acetylcholine at nerve endings. This book discusses as well the erratic patterns of selective toxicity to insects of the carbamates. The final chapter deals with the real hazard to human health as well as the effects upon wild life of insecticides and chlorinated pesticides. This book is a valuable resource for organic and agricultural chemists, as well as biologists, agriculturists, neurophysiologists, environmental scientists, and research workers.

Author : Wilkinson
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 777 pages
File Size : 44,7 Mb
Release : 2013-11-11
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781489922120

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Insecticide Biochemistry and Physiology by Wilkinson Pdf

Only four short decades ago, the control of insect pests by means of chemicals was in its early infancy. The pioneers in the area consisted largely of a group of dedicated applied entomologists working to the best of their abilities with a very limited arsenal of chemicals that included inorganics (arsenicals, fluorides, etc.), some botanicals (nicotine), and a few synthetic organics (dinitro-o-cresol, organothiocyanates). Much of the early research was devoted to solving practical problems associated with the formulation and application of the few existing materials, and although the discovery of new types of insecticidal chemicals was undoubtedly a pipe dream in the minds of some, little or no basic research effort was expended in this direction. The discovery of the insecticidal properties of DDT by Paul Miiller in 1939 has to be viewed as the event which marked the birth of modern insecticide chemistry and which has served as the cornerstone for its subse quent developement. DDT clearly demonstrated for the first time the dramatic potential of synthetic organic chemicals for insect control and provided the initial stimulus which has caused insecticide chemistry to become a field not only of immense agricultural and public health importance but also one that has had remarkable and unforseeable repercussions in broad areas of the physical, biological, and social sciences. Indeed, there can be few other synthetic chemicals which will be judged in history to have had such a broad and telling impact on mankind as has DDT.

Author : Stanislav Trdan
Publisher : BoD – Books on Demand
Page : 452 pages
File Size : 40,9 Mb
Release : 2016-03-02
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9789535122586

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Insecticides Resistance by Stanislav Trdan Pdf

This book contains 20 chapters, which are divided into 5 sections. Section 1 covers different aspects of insecticide resistance of selected economically important plant insect pests, whereas section 2 includes chapters about the importance, development and insecticide resistance management in controlling malaria vectors. Section 3 is dedicated to some general questions in insecticide resistance, while the main topic of section 4 is biochemical approaches of insecticide resistance mechanisms. Section 5 covers ecologically acceptable approaches for overcoming insecticide resistance, such are the use of mycoinsecticides, and understanding the role of some plant chemical compounds, which are important in interactions between plants, their pests and biological control agents.

Author : Isaac Ishaaya,Danny Degheele
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 289 pages
File Size : 52,7 Mb
Release : 2013-06-29
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9783662035658

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Insecticides with Novel Modes of Action by Isaac Ishaaya,Danny Degheele Pdf

The future of insect control looked very bright in the 1950s and 1960s with new insecticides constantly coming onto the market. Today, however, whole classes of pesticide chemistry have fallen by the wayside due to misuse which generated resistance problems reaching crisis proportions, severe adverse effects on the environment, and public outcry that has led to increasingly stricter regulation and legislation. It is with this background, demanding the need for safer, environmentally friendly pesticides and new strategies to reduce resistance problems, that this book was written. The authors of the various chapters have a wealth of experience in pesticide chemistry, biochemical modes of action, mechanism of resistance and application, and have presented concise reviews. Each is actively involved in thedevelopment of new groups of pesticide chemistry which led to the development of novel insecticides with special impact in controlling agricultural pests. Emphasis has been given to insecticides with selective properties, such as insect growth regulators hormone mimics, ecdysone agonists), (chitin synthesis inhibitors, juvenile chloronicotinyl insecticides (imidacloprid, acetamiprid), botanical insecticides (neem, plant oils), pymetrozine, diafenthiuron, pyrrole insecticides, and others. The importance of these compounds, as components in integrated pest management programs and in insecticide resistance management strategies, is discussed. The data presented are essential in establishing new technologies and developing novel groups of compounds which will have impact on our future agricultural practices.

Author : Mark Edward Whalon,David Mota-Sanchez,Robert M. Hollingworth
Publisher : CABI
Page : 177 pages
File Size : 53,6 Mb
Release : 2008
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781845933531

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Global Pesticide Resistance in Arthropods by Mark Edward Whalon,David Mota-Sanchez,Robert M. Hollingworth Pdf

Pesticide resistance has had a substantial impact on crop production and has been an important driver of change in modern agriculture, animal production and human health. Due to increased selection pressure, this resistance can be linked to export/import health and phytosanitary standards, invasive species eradication projects and global pandemics. However, the development of new biological and chemical products and the use of integrated pest management strategies have been successful in reducing pesticide resistance. Focusing specifically on arthropods, this book provides a comprehensive review of relevant issues in pesticide resistance. Detailed listings and references to all documented reports of resistance from around the world are included as well as discussions on the mechanisms and evolution of resistance and management techniques.

Author : Prabhat Kumar Srivastava,Vijay Pratap Singh,Anita Singh,Durgesh K. Tripathi,Samiksha Singh,Sheo Mohan Prasad,Devendra Kumar Chauhan
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 345 pages
File Size : 55,7 Mb
Release : 2020-02-14
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781119432234

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Pesticides in Crop Production by Prabhat Kumar Srivastava,Vijay Pratap Singh,Anita Singh,Durgesh K. Tripathi,Samiksha Singh,Sheo Mohan Prasad,Devendra Kumar Chauhan Pdf

A guide to the diversity of pesticides used in modern agricultural practices, and the relevant social and environmental issues Pesticides in Crop Production offers an important resource that explores pesticide action in plants; pesticide metabolism in soil microbes, plants and animals; bioaccumulation of pesticides and sensitiveness of microbiome towards pesticides. The authors explore pesticide risk assessment, the development of pesticide resistance in pests, microbial remediation of pesticide intoxicated legumes and pesticide toxicity amelioration in plants by plant hormones. The authors include information on eco-friendly pest management. They review the impact of pesticides on soil microorganism, crops and other plants along with the impact on other organisms like aquatic fauna and terrestrial animals including human beings. The book also contains an analysis of pesticide by GC-MS/MS (Gas Chromatography tandem Mass Spectrometry) a reliable method for the quantification and confirmation of multiclass pesticide residues. This important book: Offers a comprehensive guide to the use of the diversity of pesticides and the pertinent social and environmental issues Explores the impact of pesticides from morphological, anatomical, physiological and biochemical perspectives Shows how pesticides affects soil microorganisms, crops and other plants along with the impact on other organisms like aquatic fauna and animals Critically examines whether chemical pesticides are boon or bane and whether they can be replaced by environmental friendly pesticides Written for students, researchers and professionals in agriculture, botany, entomology and biotechnology, Pesticides in Crop Production examines the effects of chemical pesticides and the feasibility of using bio-pesticides.

Author : Richard Roush,Bruce E. Tabashnik
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 312 pages
File Size : 48,7 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781468464290

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Pesticide Resistance in Arthropods by Richard Roush,Bruce E. Tabashnik Pdf

Bruce E. Tabashnik and Richard T. Roush Pesticide resistance is an increasingly urgent worldwide problem. Resistance to one or more pesticides has been documented in more than 440 species of insects and mites. Resistance in vectors of human dise8se, particularly malaria-transmit ting mosquitoes, is a serious threat to public health in many nations. Agricultural productivity is jeopardized because of widespread resistance in crop and livestock pests. Serious resistance problems are also evident in pests of the urban environ ment, most notably cockroaches. Better understanding of pesticide resistance is needed to devise techniques for managing resistance (Le. , slowing, preventing, or reversing development of resistance in pests and promoting it in beneficial natural enemies). At the same time, resistance is a dramatic example of evolution. Knowledge of resistance can thus provide fundamental insights into evolution, genetics, physiology, and ecology. Resistance management can help to reduce the harmful effects of pesticides by decreasing rates of pesticide use and prolonging the efficacy of environmentally safe pesticides. In response to resistance problems, the concentration or frequency of pesticide applications is often increased. Effective resistance management would reduce this type of increased pesticide use. Improved monitoring of resis tance would also decrease the number of ineffective pesticide applications that are made when a resistance problem exists but has not been diagnosed. Resistance often leads to replacement of one pesticide with another that is more expensive and less compatible with alternative controls.

Author : Jørgen Stenersen
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 298 pages
File Size : 53,6 Mb
Release : 2004-05-27
Category : Science
ISBN : 0203646835

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Chemical Pesticides Mode of Action and Toxicology by Jørgen Stenersen Pdf

Environmental-friendliness, issues of public health, and the pros and cons of genetically-modified crops all receive regular coverage in the world's media. This, in turn, has led to increased questioning and investigation of chemical pesticides. Stenersen's concise and timely introduction to chemical pesticides describes these compounds according to their mode of action at the cellular and biochemical level. Chemical Pesticides provides answers to questions such as why pesticides are toxic to the target organism and why pesticides are toxic to some organisms and not others. It describes how various poisons interfere with biochemical processes in organisms. The book also explores how resistance to pesticides develops, how resistance can be used to illustrate the theory of evolution, and how it can be used to produce herbicide-resistant crop plants. Legal matters and potential environmental problems are also discussed. By providing an integrated, yet simple description of modern chemical pesticides, the author provides a relevant text for professionals and students in biological disciplines such as biochemistry, medicine, agriculture, and veterinary science.

Author : C. A. Mullin
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 55,5 Mb
Release : 1992
Category : Electronic
ISBN : OCLC:708386400

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Molecular Mechanisms of Insecticide Resistance by C. A. Mullin Pdf

Author : Kenneth Arnold Hassall
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 562 pages
File Size : 41,5 Mb
Release : 1990
Category : Biochemical toxicology
ISBN : MINN:31951D00513234A

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The Biochemistry and Uses of Pesticides by Kenneth Arnold Hassall Pdf

This second edition reflects the dramatic progress being made towards an understanding of how pesticides function, how metabolism contributes to selectivity and safety, and of how the development of resistance is linked to biochemistry and molecular biology.

Author : Christopher Foster Wilkinson
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 800 pages
File Size : 51,5 Mb
Release : 1976-08
Category : Medical
ISBN : MINN:319510000159301

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Insecticide Biochemistry and Physiology by Christopher Foster Wilkinson Pdf

Only four short decades ago, the control of insect pests by means of chemicals was in its early infancy. The pioneers in the area consisted largely of a group of dedicated applied entomologists working to the best of their abilities with a very limited arsenal of chemicals that included inorganics (arsenicals, fluorides, etc.), some botanicals (nicotine), and a few synthetic organics (dinitro-o-cresol, organothiocyanates). Much of the early research was devoted to solving practical problems associated with the formulation and application of the few existing materials, and although the discovery of new types of insecticidal chemicals was undoubtedly a pipe dream in the minds of some, little or no basic research effort was expended in this direction. The discovery of the insecticidal properties of DDT by Paul Miiller in 1939 has to be viewed as the event which marked the birth of modern insecticide chemistry and which has served as the cornerstone for its subse quent developement. DDT clearly demonstrated for the first time the dramatic potential of synthetic organic chemicals for insect control and provided the initial stimulus which has caused insecticide chemistry to become a field not only of immense agricultural and public health importance but also one that has had remarkable and unforseeable repercussions in broad areas of the physical, biological, and social sciences. Indeed, there can be few other synthetic chemicals which will be judged in history to have had such a broad and telling impact on mankind as has DDT.