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Author : Jessica Amber Jennings,Lauren B. Priddy,Mark Smeltzer
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
Page : 152 pages
File Size : 41,8 Mb
Release : 2022-12-28
Category : Science
ISBN : 9782832509746
Author : Nehal I. Abu-Lail,Haluk Beyenal
Publisher : Elsevier Inc. Chapters
Page : 450 pages
File Size : 48,8 Mb
Release : 2013-03-12
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780128071007
Bacterial adhesion to biomaterials is generally accepted to be the first step in the development of biomaterial-centred bacterial infections (BCBIs). A better understanding of how bacteria interact with biomaterials is essential to the development of surgical intervention strategies that can be used to reduce BCBIs and coatings capable of preventing bacterial adhesion to their surfaces. Bacterial adhesion to a surface is a multi-step process during which single bacterial cells first initiate attachment to the biomaterial, followed by biofilm formation. The first part of this chapter is devoted to an exploration of how the initial bacterial adhesion to biomaterials can be quantified while the second part focuses on how biofilms can be imaged and how such images can be processed to quantify biofilm structure. We have paid special attention to guiding future biomaterials scientists on the best practices currently used in quantifying bacterial interactions with biomaterials at the nano- and macroscales.
Author : Tony Romeo
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 294 pages
File Size : 51,9 Mb
Release : 2008-02-26
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9783540754183
Throughout the biological world, bacteria thrive predominantly in surface-attached, matrix-enclosed, multicellular communities or biofilms, as opposed to isolated planktonic cells. This choice of lifestyle is not trivial, as it involves major shifts in the use of genetic information and cellular energy, and has profound consequences for bacterial physiology and survival. Growth within a biofilm can thwart immune function and antibiotic therapy and thereby complicate the treatment of infectious diseases, especially chronic and foreign device-associated infections. Modern studies of many important biofilms have advanced well beyond the descriptive stage, and have begun to provide molecular details of the structural, biochemical, and genetic processes that drive biofilm formation and its dispersion. There is much diversity in the details of biofilm development among various species, but there are also commonalities. In most species, environmental and nutritional conditions greatly influence biofilm development. Similar kinds of adhesive molecules often promote biofilm formation in diverse species. Signaling and regulatory processes that drive biofilm development are often conserved, especially among related bacteria. Knowledge of such processes holds great promise for efforts to control biofilm growth and combat biofilm-associated infections. This volume focuses on the biology of biofilms that affect human disease, although it is by no means comprehensive. It opens with chapters that provide the reader with current perspectives on biofilm development, physiology, environmental, and regulatory effects, the role of quorum sensing, and resistance/phenotypic persistence to antimicrobial agents during biofilm growth.
Author : Thomas Bjarnsholt,Peter Østrup Jensen,Claus Moser,Niels Høiby
Publisher : Springer
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 45,8 Mb
Release : 2014-10-11
Category : Science
ISBN : 1489982280
This book will cover both the evidence for biofilms in many chronic bacterial infections as well as the problems facing these infections such as diagnostics and treatment regimes. A still increasing interest and emphasis on the sessile bacterial lifestyle biofilms has been seen since it was realized that that less than 0.1% of the total microbial biomass lives in the planktonic mode of growth. The term was coined in 1978 by Costerton et al. who defined the term biofilm for the first time.In 1993 the American Society for Microbiology (ASM) recognised that the biofilmmode of growth was relevant to microbiology. Lately many articles have been published on the clinical implications of bacterial biofilms. Both original articles and reviews concerning the biofilm problem are available.
Author : Ying Deng,Wei Lv
Publisher : Woodhead Publishing
Page : 238 pages
File Size : 41,9 Mb
Release : 2016-10-24
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9780081003985
Biofilms and Implantable Medical Devices: Infection and Control explores the increasing use of permanent and semi-permanent implants and indwelling medical devices. As an understanding of the growth and impact of biofilm formation on these medical devices and biomaterials is vital for protecting the health of the human host, this book provides readers with a comprehensive treatise on biofilms and their relationship with medical devices, also reporting on infections and associated strategies for prevention. Provides useful information on the fundamentals of biofilm problems in medical devices Discusses biofilm problems in a range of medical devices Focuses on strategies for prevention of biofilm formation
Author : L Barnes,Ian Cooper
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 278 pages
File Size : 40,7 Mb
Release : 2014-11-21
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9780857097224
Despite advances in materials and sterilisation, patients who receive biomaterials of medical device implants are still at risk of developing an infection around the implantation site. This book reviews the fundamentals of biomaterials and medical device related infections and methods and materials for the treatment and prevention of infection. The first part of the book provides readers with an introduction to the topic including analyses of biofilms, diagnosis and treatment of infection, pathology and topography. The second part of the book discusses a range of established and novel technologies and materials which have been designed to prevent infection. Provides analysis of biofilms and their relevance to implant associated infections. Assesses technologies for controlling biofilms. Considers advantages and disadvantages of in vivo infection studies.
Author : Rolando Chamy
Publisher : BoD – Books on Demand
Page : 382 pages
File Size : 50,8 Mb
Release : 2013-06-14
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9789535111542
This book contains a collection of different biodegradation research activities where biological processes take place. The book has two main sections: A) Polymers and Surfactants Biodegradation and B) Biodegradation: Microbial Behaviour.
Author : Sadik Dincer,Melis Sümengen Özdenefe,Afet Arkut
Publisher : BoD – Books on Demand
Page : 362 pages
File Size : 42,9 Mb
Release : 2020-10-07
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781789858990
This book examines biofilms in nature. Organized into four parts, this book addresses biofilms in wastewater treatment, inhibition of biofilm formation, biofilms and infection, and ecology of biofilms. It is designed for clinicians, researchers, and industry professionals in the fields of microbiology, biotechnology, ecology, and medicine as well as graduate and postgraduate students.
Author : Tamilvanan Shunmugaperumal
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 339 pages
File Size : 46,7 Mb
Release : 2010-12-28
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781118043554
Biofilm Eradication and Preventions presents the basics of biofilm formation on medical devices, diseases related to this formation, and approaches pharmaceutical researchers need to take to limit this problem. Split into three parts, the first deals with the development and characterization of biofilm on the surfaces of implanted or inserted medical devices. Questions as to why biofilms form over medical device surfaces and what triggers biofilm formation are addressed. In the second section, the author discusses biofilm-mediated chronic infections occurred in various organs (eyes, mouth, wounds) and pharmaceutical and drug delivery knowledge gained from research in these area. The third part explores pharmaceutical approaches like lipid-and polymer-based drug delivery carriers for eradicating biofilm on device-related infections. In addition, this section also explores the topic of novel small molecule (like iron and its complexes/metal chelators) and a quorum-sensing inhibitors to control medical biofilm formation.
Author : Nihal Engin Vrana
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 249 pages
File Size : 48,9 Mb
Release : 2018-07-20
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781351377560
The interactions of the biomaterials with the host immune system is crucial for their functionality. This book aims to provide the reader with a better understanding of the role of the immune system in biomaterial applications. For this end, the book has dedicated chapters for i) explaining immune cells taking part in immune response to biomaterials/immune systems interface; ii) the effect of biomaterial shape, form and physicochemical properties on the response of immune system; iii) biofilm formation on implanted materials as a failure of immune system/biomaterial interactions; iv) tissue-specific effects of immune response and its consequences for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine; v) immune reaction in a clinical context (periodontology). In the field of biomaterials there are significant advances in using immunomodulation techniques to improve the success rates of implantable materials. For better understanding of such techniques it is required to have a full grasp of the biomaterial–immune system interactions. This would greatly enhance the understanding of why the human body reacts to implants in a certain way and how to improve the clinical outcomes by developing immune-instructive biomaterials. Provides keen insight into biomaterial–immune cell interactions Presents an explanation of state-of-the-art methodologies in immunomodulation Offers a concise and simple-to-understand treatment of biomaterial–immune cell interactions for materials scientists in a biology heavy topic Explores a comprehensive overview of biomaterial related complications Provides extensive references at the end of each chapter to enhance study for this very hot research area
Author : S. Eick
Publisher : Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers
Page : 247 pages
File Size : 49,6 Mb
Release : 2020-12-21
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9783318068528
Biofilms are highly organized polymicrobial communities that are embedded in an extracellular matrix and formed on natural and artificial surfaces. In the oral cavity, biofilms are formed not only on natural teeth, but also on restorative materials, prosthetic constructions, and dental implants. Oral diseases like caries, gingivitis, periodontitis, and also pulp inflammation are associated with biofilms. This publication is an up-to-date overview on oral biofilms from different clinically relevant perspectives. Experts comprising basic researchers and clinicians report on recent research relating to biofilms - from general summaries to recommendations for daily clinical work. This book covers all aspects of oral biofilms, including models used in the laboratory, biofilms in dental water unit lines, periodontal and peri-implant biofilms, caries-related biofilms, halitosis, endodontic biofilms, and Candida infections, as well as biofilms on dental materials and on orthodontic appliances. Several chapters deal with anti-biofilm therapy, from the efficacy of mechanical methods and the use of antimicrobials, to alternative concepts. This publication is particularly recommended to dental medicine students, practitioners, other oral healthcare professionals, and scientists with an interest in translational research on biofilms.
Author : Kendra P. Rumbaugh,Iqbal Ahmad
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 497 pages
File Size : 47,9 Mb
Release : 2014-05-08
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783642538339
This book provides a survey of recent advances in the development of antibiofilm agents for clinical and environmental applications. The fact that microbes exist in structured communities called biofilms has slowly become accepted within the medical community. We now know that over 80% of all infectious diseases are biofilm-related; however, significant challenges still lie in our ability to diagnose and treat these extremely recalcitrant infections. Written by experts from around the globe, this book offers a valuable resource for medical professionals seeking to treat biofilm-related disease, academic and industry researchers interested in drug discovery and instructors who teach courses on microbial pathogenesis and medical microbiology.
Author : Joan A. Geoghegan, Pietro Speziale
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
Page : 113 pages
File Size : 42,5 Mb
Release : 2015-06-25
Category : Infectious and parasitic diseases
ISBN : 9782889195633
Members of the genus Staphylococcus and Streptococcus are the causative agnets of many human and animal diseases. Over the past decade the complete sequencing of many staphylococcal and streptococcal genomes has promoted a significant advance in our knowledge of these important pathogens. The pathogenicity of these bacteria is due to the expression of a large variety of virulence factors. Such determinants, which are cell wall-associated and secreted proteins, include adhesins that confer to the pathogen the ability to attach to extracellular matrix/plasma and host cell surfaces, proteins that contribute to host cell invasion and intracellular survival and soluble factors that decrease phagocytosis and modulate the immune response. Furthermore, these Gram-positive cocci in many natural environments (heart valve, lung, oral cavity, throat) and infections on implanted devices live in matrix-encased groups known as biofilms. Biofilms are specialized bacterial communities with high order organization analogous to that of a tissue in multicellular organism that adhere to abiotic or biological substrata and produce an exopolymeric matrix composed of polysaccarides, proteins, DNA or combination thereof. Bacteria within a biofilm persist in adverse conditions, show resistance to killing by antibiotics and to host immune defences and are difficult to eradicate and treat clinically. Therefore, understanding the mechanisms of biofilm development will allow us to effectively combat staphylococcal/streptococcal biofilm-based infections. This Research Topic will focus on the molecular components involved in biofilm formation by staphylococci and streptococci, the role they play in the development, maturation and dispersal of biofilm and on the regulatory aspects of such complex processes. The implication for the pathogenesis of infective diseases and potential therapeutic strategies against biofilm-based infections will be also discussed. The articles will highlight both the recent advances and future challenges inherent in this rapidly evolving area.
Author : Amit Bandyopadhyay,Susmita Bose
Publisher : Newnes
Page : 450 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 2013-03-12
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9780124158634
One of the key challenges current biomaterials researchers face is identifying which of the dizzying number of highly specialized characterization tools can be gainfully applied to different materials and biomedical devices. Since this diverse marketplace of tools and techniques can be used for numerous applications, choosing the proper characterization tool is highly important, saving both time and resources. Characterization of Biomaterials is a detailed and multidisciplinary discussion of the physical, chemical, mechanical, surface, in vitro and in vivo characterization tools and techniques of increasing importance to fundamental biomaterials research. Characterization of Biomaterials will serve as a comprehensive resource for biomaterials researchers requiring detailed information on physical, chemical, mechanical, surface, and in vitro or in vivo characterization. The book is designed for materials scientists, bioengineers, biologists, clinicians and biomedical device researchers seeking input on planning on how to test their novel materials, structures or biomedical devices to a specific application. Chapters are developed considering the need for industrial researchers as well as academics. Biomaterials researchers come from a wide variety of disciplines: this book will help them to analyze their materials and devices taking advantage of the multiple experiences on offer. Coverage encompasses a cross-section of the physical sciences, biological sciences, engineering and applied sciences characterization community, providing gainful and cross-cutting insight into this highly multi-disciplinary field. Detailed coverage of important test protocols presents specific examples and standards for applied characterization
Author : Ashraf F. Fouad
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 472 pages
File Size : 44,8 Mb
Release : 2017-02-06
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781118975503
Endodontic Microbiology, Second Edition presents a comprehensive reference to the microbiology, pathogenesis, management, and healing of endodontic pathosis, emphasizing the importance of biological sciences in understanding and managing endodontic disease and its interaction with systemic health. Provides a major revision to the first book to focus on the problems related to microbes in the root canal and periapical tissues Updates current knowledge in endodontic pathosis, especially regarding next generation sequencing and microbial virulence Presents useful diagrams, images, radiographs, and annotated histological images to illustrate the concepts Emphasizes the importance of biological science in understanding and managing endodontic disease Includes contributions from the leading researchers and educators in the field