Biofilm Infections

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The Role of Biofilms in Device-Related Infections

Mark Shirtliff,Jeff G. Leid
The Role of Biofilms in Device Related Infections Book PDF

Author : Mark Shirtliff,Jeff G. Leid
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 276 pages
File Size : 45,7 Mb
Release : 2008-12-19
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9783540681199

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The Role of Biofilms in Device-Related Infections by Mark Shirtliff,Jeff G. Leid Pdf

Approximately 60% of all hospital-associated infections, over one million cases per year, are due to biofilms that have formed on indwelling medical devices. Device-related biofilm infections increase hospital stays and add over one billion dollars/year to U.S. hospitalization costs. Since the use and the types of indwelling medical devices commonly used in modern healthcare are continuously expanding, especially with an aging population, the incidence of biofilm infections will also continue to rise. The central problem with microbial biofilm infections of foreign bodies is their propensity to resist clearance by the host immune system and all antimicrobial agents tested to date. In fact, compared to their free floating, planktonic counterparts, microbes within a biofilm are 50 – 500 times more resistant to antimicrobial agents. Therefore, achieving therapeutic and non-lethal dosing regimens within the human host is impossible. The end result is a conversion from an acute infection to one that is persistent, chronic, and recurrent, most often requiring device removal in order to eliminate the infection. This text will describe the major types of device-related infections, and will explain the host, pathogen, and the unique properties of their interactions in order to gain a better understanding of these recalcitrant infections.

Biofilms in Infection Prevention and Control

Steven L. Percival,David Williams,Tracey Cooper,Jacqueline Randle
Biofilms in Infection Prevention and Control Book PDF

Author : Steven L. Percival,David Williams,Tracey Cooper,Jacqueline Randle
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 394 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 2014-01-30
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780123977519

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Biofilms in Infection Prevention and Control by Steven L. Percival,David Williams,Tracey Cooper,Jacqueline Randle Pdf

Biofilms in Infection and Disease Control: A Healthcare Handbook outlines the scientific evidence and rationale for the prevention of infection, the role biofilms play in infection control, and the issues concerning their resistance to antimicrobials. This book provides practical guidance for healthcare and infection control professionals, as well as students, for preventing and controlling infection. Biofilms are the most common mode of bacterial growth in nature. Highly resistant to antibiotics and antimicrobials, biofilms are the source of more than 65 percent of health care associated infections (HCAI), which, according to the WHO, affect 1.4 million people annually. Biofilms are involved in 80 percent of all microbial infections in the body, including those associated with medical devices such as catheters, endotracheal tubes, joint prostheses, and heart valves. Biofilms are also the principle causes of infections of the middle-ear, dental caries, gingivitis, prostatitis and cystic fibrosis. Importantly, biofilms also significantly delay wound healing and reduce antimicrobial efficiency in at-risk or infected skin wounds. Provides specific procedures for controlling and preventing infection Includes case studies of HCAI, and identifies appropriate treatments Presents national government standards for infection prevention and control Includes extensive references and links to websites for further information

Biofilm-Mediated Diseases: Causes and Controls

Rina Rani Ray,Moupriya Nag,Dibyajit Lahiri
Biofilm Mediated Diseases Causes and Controls Book PDF

Author : Rina Rani Ray,Moupriya Nag,Dibyajit Lahiri
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 284 pages
File Size : 54,8 Mb
Release : 2021-05-05
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9789811607455

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Biofilm-Mediated Diseases: Causes and Controls by Rina Rani Ray,Moupriya Nag,Dibyajit Lahiri Pdf

This book reviews the current concepts in biofilm formation and its implications in human health and disease. The initial chapters introduce the mechanisms of biofilm formation and its composition. Subsequently, the chapters discuss the role of biofilm in acute and chronic infections. It also explores the pivotal role of both innate and adaptive immunity on the course of biofilm infection. In addition, the book elucidates the bacterial biofilm formation on implantable devices and the current approaches to its treatment and prevention. It analyzes the possible relationship between antimicrobial resistance and biofilm formation. Finally, the book also summarizes the current state-of-the-art therapeutic approaches for preventing and treating biofilms. This book is a useful resource for researchers in the field of microbiology, clinical microbiology, and also medical practitioners.

Recent Advances in Bacterial Biofilm Studies

Liang Wang,Bing Gu,Li Zhang,Zuobin Zhu
Recent Advances in Bacterial Biofilm Studies Book PDF

Author : Liang Wang,Bing Gu,Li Zhang,Zuobin Zhu
Publisher : BoD – Books on Demand
Page : 184 pages
File Size : 48,8 Mb
Release : 2024-02-28
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781803567082

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Recent Advances in Bacterial Biofilm Studies by Liang Wang,Bing Gu,Li Zhang,Zuobin Zhu Pdf

Bacterial biofilm is a complex structure with diverse bacterial cells in a highly organized and ordered group within a matrix of extracellular polymeric substances they produce. Microbes attach to surfaces to develop biofilms, a sophisticated process regulated by factors such as nutritional status and biotic/abiotic surface features. An established biofilm structure mainly comprises bacterial cells, proteins, nucleic acid, and exo-polysaccharides that are extracellular macromolecules excreted as tightly bound layers in microbes, providing a perfect niche for bacteria to exchange genetic material between cells. In addition, bacterial cells in the matrix also communicate via quorum sensing, which greatly impacts biofilm processes. Under clinical circumstances, bacterial biofilm shows great resistance to antibiotics, disinfectants, and body defense systems, making it difficult for clinicians to eradicate and facilitate many infectious disease processes, leading to chronic infections of patients with long-term hospitalization and high mortality rates. Therefore, it is very important to understand the recent advances in forming, regulating, and eradicating biofilms in human infections to better prevent, control, and treat biofilm infections in humans. Written by an international team of basic and clinical researchers, the chapters of this book provide novel insights and advanced knowledge for life science researchers, clinical researchers, doctors, and other interested readers on some of the latest developments in biofilms.

Control of Biofilm Infections by Signal Manipulation

Naomi Balaban
Control of Biofilm Infections by Signal Manipulation Book PDF

Author : Naomi Balaban
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 186 pages
File Size : 42,8 Mb
Release : 2007-11-28
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9783540738534

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Control of Biofilm Infections by Signal Manipulation by Naomi Balaban Pdf

The number of patients affected by and dying from what can be considered as a "biofilm disease" is higher than heart disease and cancer combined. Thus, this is a hugely important work that describes the molecular mechanisms of cell-to-cell communication among bacterial cells in a biofilm, the development of antibiofilm inhibitors such as quorum-sensing inhibitors, and the use of biofilm inhibitors to prevent and treat bacterial infections in humans and other animals.

Culture Negative Orthopedic Biofilm Infections

Garth D. Ehrlich,Patrick J. DeMeo,J. William Costerton,Heinz Winkler
Culture Negative Orthopedic Biofilm Infections Book PDF

Author : Garth D. Ehrlich,Patrick J. DeMeo,J. William Costerton,Heinz Winkler
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 148 pages
File Size : 45,9 Mb
Release : 2012-12-18
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783642295546

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Culture Negative Orthopedic Biofilm Infections by Garth D. Ehrlich,Patrick J. DeMeo,J. William Costerton,Heinz Winkler Pdf

During the recent transition between acute diseases caused by swarms of single planktonic bacteria, and chronic infections caused by bacteria growing in slime-enclosed biofilms, a general clinical consensus has emerged that pathologies with bacterial etiologies are frequently culture negative. Because biofilm infections now affect 17 million Americans per year (killing approximately 450,000), the suggestion that these common and lethal infections regularly go unnoticed by the only FDA-approved method for their detection and characterization is a matter of urgent concern. Biologically, we would expect that planktonic bacterial cells would colonize any new surface, including the surface of an agar plate, while the specialized sessile cells of a biofilm community would have no such proclivity. In the study of biofilm diseases ranging from otitis media to prostatitis, it was found that direct microscopy and DNA- and RNA-based molecular methods regularly document the presence of living bacteria in tissues and samples that are culture negative. The editors selected orthopedic biofilm infections as the subject of this book because these infections occur against a background of microbiological sterility in which modern molecular methods would be expected to find bacterial DNA, RNA-based microscopic methods would be expected to locate bacterial cells, and cultures would be negative. Moreover, in Orthopedics we find an already biofilm-adapted surgical group in which current strategies are based on the meticulous removal of compromised tissues, antibiotic options as based on high biofilm-killing local doses, and there are practical bedside strategies for dealing with biofilm infections. So here is where the new paradigm of biofilm infection meets the equally new paradigm of the culture negativity of biofilms, and this volume presents a conceptual synthesis that may soon combine the most effective molecular methods for the detection and identification of bacteria with a surgical discipline that is ready to help patients.

Bacterial Biofilms

Tony Romeo
Bacterial Biofilms Book PDF

Author : Tony Romeo
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 294 pages
File Size : 50,5 Mb
Release : 2008-02-26
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9783540754183

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Bacterial Biofilms by Tony Romeo Pdf

Throughout the biological world, bacteria thrive predominantly in surface-attached, matrix-enclosed, multicellular communities or biofilms, as opposed to isolated planktonic cells. This choice of lifestyle is not trivial, as it involves major shifts in the use of genetic information and cellular energy, and has profound consequences for bacterial physiology and survival. Growth within a biofilm can thwart immune function and antibiotic therapy and thereby complicate the treatment of infectious diseases, especially chronic and foreign device-associated infections. Modern studies of many important biofilms have advanced well beyond the descriptive stage, and have begun to provide molecular details of the structural, biochemical, and genetic processes that drive biofilm formation and its dispersion. There is much diversity in the details of biofilm development among various species, but there are also commonalities. In most species, environmental and nutritional conditions greatly influence biofilm development. Similar kinds of adhesive molecules often promote biofilm formation in diverse species. Signaling and regulatory processes that drive biofilm development are often conserved, especially among related bacteria. Knowledge of such processes holds great promise for efforts to control biofilm growth and combat biofilm-associated infections. This volume focuses on the biology of biofilms that affect human disease, although it is by no means comprehensive. It opens with chapters that provide the reader with current perspectives on biofilm development, physiology, environmental, and regulatory effects, the role of quorum sensing, and resistance/phenotypic persistence to antimicrobial agents during biofilm growth.

Biofilm-based Healthcare-associated Infections

Gianfranco Donelli
Biofilm based Healthcare associated Infections Book PDF

Author : Gianfranco Donelli
Publisher : Springer
Page : 195 pages
File Size : 49,5 Mb
Release : 2014-11-10
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9783319097824

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Biofilm-based Healthcare-associated Infections by Gianfranco Donelli Pdf

The aim of this book is to provide readers with a wide overview of the main healthcare-associated infections caused by bacteria and fungi able to grow as biofilm. The recently acquired knowledge on the pivotal role played by biofilm-growing microorganisms in healthcare-related infections has given a new dynamic to detection, prevention and treatment of these infections in patients admitted to both acute care hospitals and long-term care facilities. Clinicians, hygienists and microbiologists will be updated by leading scientists on the state-of-art of biofilm-based infections and on the most innovative strategies for prevention and treatment of these infections, often caused by emerging multidrug-resistant biofilm-growing microorganisms.

Biofilm Infections

Thomas Bjarnsholt,Peter Østrup Jensen,Claus Moser,Niels Høiby
Biofilm Infections Book PDF

Author : Thomas Bjarnsholt,Peter Østrup Jensen,Claus Moser,Niels Høiby
Publisher : Springer
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 52,6 Mb
Release : 2014-10-11
Category : Science
ISBN : 1489982280

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Biofilm Infections by Thomas Bjarnsholt,Peter Østrup Jensen,Claus Moser,Niels Høiby Pdf

This book will cover both the evidence for biofilms in many chronic bacterial infections as well as the problems facing these infections such as diagnostics and treatment regimes. A still increasing interest and emphasis on the sessile bacterial lifestyle biofilms has been seen since it was realized that that less than 0.1% of the total microbial biomass lives in the planktonic mode of growth. The term was coined in 1978 by Costerton et al. who defined the term biofilm for the first time.In 1993 the American Society for Microbiology (ASM) recognised that the biofilmmode of growth was relevant to microbiology. Lately many articles have been published on the clinical implications of bacterial biofilms. Both original articles and reviews concerning the biofilm problem are available.

Biofilms, Infection, and Antimicrobial Therapy

John L. Pace,Mark E. Rupp,Roger G. Finch
Biofilms Infection and Antimicrobial Therapy Book PDF

Author : John L. Pace,Mark E. Rupp,Roger G. Finch
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 512 pages
File Size : 50,8 Mb
Release : 2005-08-29
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781420028232

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Biofilms, Infection, and Antimicrobial Therapy by John L. Pace,Mark E. Rupp,Roger G. Finch Pdf

Rather than existing in a planktonic or free-living form, evidence indicates that microbes show a preference for living in a sessile form within complex communities called biofilms. Biofilms appear to afford microbes a survival advantage by optimizing nutrition, offering protection against hostile elements, and providing a network for cell-to-cell signaling and genetic exchange. Biofilms, Infection, and Antimicrobial Therapy provides an in-depth exploration of biofilms, offering broad background information, as well a detailed look at the serious concerns to which biofilm-associated infections give rise. Prosthetic device infections, such as those involving artificial heart valves, intravascular catheters, or prosthetic joints, are prime examples of biofilm-associated infections. With the increasing use of such devices in the modern practice of medicine, the prevalence of these infections is expected to increase. Unfortunately, one of the most troubling characteristics of microbes found in biofilms is a profound resistance to antimicrobial agents. As biofilm-associated infections are particularly difficult to treat, they result in significant mortality, morbidity, and increased economic burden. Clearly, a better understanding of the pathogenesis of these infections and improved means for prevention and treatment are urgently needed! InBiofilms, Infection, and Antimicrobial Therapy, Drs Pace, Rupp, and Finch assemble the contributions of more than 50 of the world’s leading authorities on microbial biofilms who present recent findings on antibacterial tolerance and bacterial persistence associated with biofilms and discuses the implications of those findings with regard to human health. They explore the molecular mechanisms of bacterial adherence, biofilm formation, regulation of biofilm maintenance, and cell-to-cell communication and present the latest information on various treatment protocols that should aid physicians in the treatment of these refractory and often difficult-to-treat infections.

Biofilms in Human Diseases: Treatment and Control

Sunil Kumar,Niharika Chandra,Leena Singh,Muhammad Zaffar Hashmi,Ajit Varma
Biofilms in Human Diseases Treatment and Control Book PDF

Author : Sunil Kumar,Niharika Chandra,Leena Singh,Muhammad Zaffar Hashmi,Ajit Varma
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 318 pages
File Size : 45,6 Mb
Release : 2019-11-19
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9783030307578

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Biofilms in Human Diseases: Treatment and Control by Sunil Kumar,Niharika Chandra,Leena Singh,Muhammad Zaffar Hashmi,Ajit Varma Pdf

This book highlights treatment strategies for bacterial biofilms in connection with a variety of human diseases. In particular, it reviews bacterial biofilm formation and its mechanism. Topics covered include biofilms in human health, the role of biofilms in mediating human diseases, and methods for testing bacterial biofilms. Further sections concentrate on biofilm-mediated diseases in different parts of the human gastrointestinal tract, while therapeutic strategies for biofilm control and natural agents that disrupt bacterial biofilms are also covered. Readers will also find the latest advances in probiotics and biofilms, as well as the use of probiotics to counteract biofilm-associated infections. Biofilms and antimicrobial resistance are discussed. Subsequent chapters address the management of inflammatory bowel disease via probiotics biofilms, as well as the role of probiotics bacteria in the treatment of human diseases associated with bacterial biofilms. The book is chiefly intended for clinicians/scientists in the fields of medical microbiology, applied microbiology, biochemistry, and biotechnology.

Emerging Concepts in Bacterial Biofilms

Sabu Thomas
Emerging Concepts in Bacterial Biofilms Book PDF

Author : Sabu Thomas
Publisher : Cambridge Scholars Publishing
Page : 381 pages
File Size : 54,5 Mb
Release : 2020-01-10
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781527545175

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Emerging Concepts in Bacterial Biofilms by Sabu Thomas Pdf

The ability to form biofilms is a universal attribute of bacteria. Bacteria are able to grow on almost every surface, forming these architecturally complex communities. In biofilms, the cells grow in multicellular aggregates, encased in an extracellular matrix produced by the bacteria themselves. They impact humans in many ways, and can form in natural, medical and industrial settings. For example, the formation of biofilms on medical devices such as catheters or implants often results in difficult-to-treat chronic infections. This book focuses on emerging concepts in bacterial biofilm research, such as the different mechanisms of biofilm formation in Gram negative and Gram positive bacteria, and the burden of biofilm associated infections. It also highlights the various anti-biofilm strategies that can be translated to curb biofilm-associated infections and the escalation of antimicrobial resistance determinants.

Biofilms and Implantable Medical Devices

Ying Deng,Wei Lv
Biofilms and Implantable Medical Devices Book PDF

Author : Ying Deng,Wei Lv
Publisher : Woodhead Publishing
Page : 238 pages
File Size : 49,6 Mb
Release : 2016-10-24
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9780081003985

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Biofilms and Implantable Medical Devices by Ying Deng,Wei Lv Pdf

Biofilms and Implantable Medical Devices: Infection and Control explores the increasing use of permanent and semi-permanent implants and indwelling medical devices. As an understanding of the growth and impact of biofilm formation on these medical devices and biomaterials is vital for protecting the health of the human host, this book provides readers with a comprehensive treatise on biofilms and their relationship with medical devices, also reporting on infections and associated strategies for prevention. Provides useful information on the fundamentals of biofilm problems in medical devices Discusses biofilm problems in a range of medical devices Focuses on strategies for prevention of biofilm formation

Biofilm-based Healthcare-associated Infections

Gianfranco Donelli
Biofilm based Healthcare associated Infections Book PDF

Author : Gianfranco Donelli
Publisher : Springer
Page : 185 pages
File Size : 44,8 Mb
Release : 2014-11-03
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9783319110387

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Biofilm-based Healthcare-associated Infections by Gianfranco Donelli Pdf

The aim of this book is to provide readers with a wide overview of the main healthcare-associated infections caused by bacteria and fungi able to grow as biofilm. The recently acquired knowledge on the pivotal role played by biofilm-growing microorganisms in healthcare-related infections has given a new dynamic to detection, prevention and treatment of these infections in patients admitted to both acute care hospitals and long-term care facilities. Clinicians, hygienists and microbiologists will be updated by leading scientists on the state-of-art of biofilm-based infections and on the most innovative strategies for prevention and treatment of these infections, often caused by emerging multidrug-resistant biofilm-growing microorganisms.

Microbial Biofilms in Healthcare

Karen Vickery
Microbial Biofilms in Healthcare Book PDF

Author : Karen Vickery
Publisher : MDPI
Page : 166 pages
File Size : 55,5 Mb
Release : 2020-03-16
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9783039284108

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Microbial Biofilms in Healthcare by Karen Vickery Pdf

Biofilms are ubiquitous and their presence in industry can lead to production losses. However, nowhere do biofilms impact human health and welfare as much as those that are found contaminating the healthcare environment, surgical instruments, equipment, and medical implantable devices. Approximately 70% of healthcare-associated infections are due to biofilm formation, resulting in increased patient morbidity and mortality. Biofilms formed on medical implants are recalcitrant to antibiotic treatment, which leaves implant removal as the principal treatment option. In this book, we investigate the role of biofilms in breast and dental implant disease and cancer. We include in vitro models for investigating treatment of chronic wounds and disinfectant action against Candida sp. Also included are papers on the most recent strategies for treating biofilm infection ranging from antibiotics incorporated into bone void fillers to antimicrobial peptides and quorum sensing.