Biological Effects Of Radiofrequency Radiation

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Biological Effects and Health Implications of Radiofrequency Radiation

Author : James C. Lin,Sol M. Michaelson
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 678 pages
File Size : 53,5 Mb
Release : 2013-03-09
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781475746143

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Biological Effects and Health Implications of Radiofrequency Radiation by James C. Lin,Sol M. Michaelson Pdf

The study of electromagnetic bioeffects is multidisciplinary; it draws heavily from the disciplines of physics, engineering, mathematics, biol ogy, chemistry, medicine, and environmental health. This book is about these disciplines and how they mutually integrate in the study of electromagnetic pathophysiology. Over aperiod of years, the authors have become increasingly aware of the difficulty in locating information concerning interaction of electro magnetic energy and biological tissues. There are numerous reports and publications, but no single comprehensive source in the American literature where such information is readily accessible. Regrettably, much of the importantinformation is contained in government documents and reports, some of which are inaccessible, or spread through many diverse journals, making retrieval and analysis of the material difficult. Although this book is primarily clinically oriented, it also focuses on those biophysical, biochemical, and fundamental molecular studies and findings that provide the basis for understanding the presence or absence of pathophysiological manifestations of exposure to radiofrequency, including microwave, energies. Detailed discussion and analysis of the relevant comprehensive physics, engineering, and biophysics are con tained in Chapters 2-5. Because the treatment is multidisciplinary, wherever possible analy sis is begun with basic background information that may appear elementary to some readers but is essential to understanding for those from a different discipline. Most confusion and controversies that exist in the field today arise from individuals of one discipline not appreciating basic facts or theories from another.

Radiofrequency Radiation Standards

Author : B. Jon Klauenberg,Martino Grandolfo,David N. Erwin
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 436 pages
File Size : 40,7 Mb
Release : 2013-11-22
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781489909459

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Radiofrequency Radiation Standards by B. Jon Klauenberg,Martino Grandolfo,David N. Erwin Pdf

The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) has sponsored research and personnel safety standards development for exposure to Radiofrequency Radiation (RFR) for over twenty years. The Aerospace Medical Panel of the Advisory Group For Aerospace Research and Development (AGARD) sponsored Lecture Series No. 78 Radiation Hazards,! in 1975, in the Netherlands, Germany, and Norway, on the subject of Radiation Hazards to provide a review and critical analysis of the available information and concepts. In the same year, Research Study Group 2 on Protection of Personnel Against Non-Ionizing Electromagnetic Radiation (Panel VIIl of AC/243 Defence Research Group, NATO) proposed a revision to Standardization Agreement (STANAG) 2345. The intent of the proposal was to revise the ST ANAG to incorporate frequency-dependent-RFR safety guidelines. These changes are documented in the NATO STANAG 2345 (MED), Control and Recording of Personnel Exposure to Radiofrequency Radiation,2 promulgated in 1979. Research Study Group 2 (RSG2) of NATO Defense Research Group Panel VIII (AC1243) was organized, in 1981, to study and contribute technical information concerning the protection of military personnel from the effects of radiofrequency electromagnetic radiation. A workshop at the Royal Air Force Institute of Aviation Medicine, Royal Aircraft Establishment, Farnborough, U. K. was held to develop and/or compile sufficient knowledge on the long-term effects of pulsed RFR to maintain safe procedures and to minimize unnecessary operational constraints.

Radio Frequency Radiation Dosimetry and Its Relationship to the Biological Effects of Electromagnetic Fields

Author : B. Jon Klauenberg,Damijan Miklavcic
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 577 pages
File Size : 42,9 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789401141918

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Radio Frequency Radiation Dosimetry and Its Relationship to the Biological Effects of Electromagnetic Fields by B. Jon Klauenberg,Damijan Miklavcic Pdf

The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) has sponsored research supporting development of personnel safety standards for exposure to Radio Frequency Radiation (RFR) for over a quarter century. NATO previously recognized that one of the most important tools used in the RFR effects research laboratory is accurate dosimetry when it supported a NATO Advanced Studies Institute (ASI) on Advances in Biological Effects and Dosimetry of Low Energy Electromagnetic Fields held in 1981, in Erice, Sicily. That meeting resulted in a NATO ASI publication; Biological Effects and Dosimetry of l Non-ionizing Radiation: Radiofrequency and Microwave Energies . The most recent NATO sponsored program on RFR was an Advanced Research Workshop (ARW) on "Developing a New Standardization Agreement (STANAG) for Radio frequency Radiation" held May 1993, at the Pratica di Mare Italian Air Force Base, Pomezia (Rome) Italy. That ARW produced an ASI proceedings, published in 1995: Radio frequency Radiation Standards, Biological Effects, Dosimetry, Epidemiology, and Public Health Policy2. The Rome ARW and the Proceedings served as a springboard to the much needed revision of the NATO Standardization Agreement (STANAG) 2345 MED "Evaluation and Control of Personnel Exposure to Radio Frequency Fields - 3 kHz to 300 GHz,,3, which was subsequently promulgated in October 1998. One of the published recommendations developed by the Rome ARW was to hold this second ARW focusing on dosimetry and measurements.

Biological Effects of Radiofrequency Radiation

Author : Joe Allen Elder,Daniel F. Cahill
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 284 pages
File Size : 45,8 Mb
Release : 1984
Category : Microwaves
ISBN : PSU:000045473760

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Biological Effects of Radiofrequency Radiation by Joe Allen Elder,Daniel F. Cahill Pdf

Biological Effects and Exposure Criteria for Radiofrequency Electromagnetic Fields

Author : National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements
Publisher : Ncrp
Page : 402 pages
File Size : 55,7 Mb
Release : 1986
Category : Science
ISBN : UOM:39015011174748

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Biological Effects and Exposure Criteria for Radiofrequency Electromagnetic Fields by National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements Pdf

Biological Effects and Dosimetry of Nonionizing Radiation

Author : Martino Gandolfo
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 664 pages
File Size : 50,9 Mb
Release : 2013-11-11
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781468442533

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Biological Effects and Dosimetry of Nonionizing Radiation by Martino Gandolfo Pdf

During the last 35 years, there has been considerable develop ment and increase in the number of devices that emit nonionizing radiant energies. These energies such as radiofrequency including microwaves are used in all sectors of our society for military, industrial. telecommunications, medical, and consumer applications. This increase in sources of nonionizing radiant energies has resulted in growing interest on the part of government regulatory agencies, industrial and military physicians, research workers, clinicians, and environmentalists. Although there is information on biologic effects and potential hazards to man from exposure to microwave/radiofrequency energies, considerable confusion and misinformation has permeated not only the public press but also some scientific and technical publications. Because of the complexity of the interactions of nonionizing radiation in biological systems, an inter-disciplinary approach is necessary to assess and elucidate the problems that evolve as this field advances and as the use of these energies expands. It is important to maintain a proper perspective and assess realistically the biomedical effects of these radiant energies so that the worker or general public will not be unduly exposed nor will research, development and beneficial utilization of these energies be hampered or restricted by an undue concern for effects which may be nonexis tent or minimal in comparison to other environmental hazards.

A Technical Review of the Biological Effects of Non-ionizing Radiation

Author : United States. Office of Science and Technology Policy
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 112 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 1978
Category : Electromagnetic fields
ISBN : MINN:31951D00792291D

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A Technical Review of the Biological Effects of Non-ionizing Radiation by United States. Office of Science and Technology Policy Pdf

Advances in Electromagnetic Fields in Living Systems

Author : James C. Lin
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 240 pages
File Size : 46,9 Mb
Release : 2006-05-28
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780387240244

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Advances in Electromagnetic Fields in Living Systems by James C. Lin Pdf

This comprehensive and topical volume presents a number of significant advances on many fronts in this area of research, particularly emphasizing current and future biomedical applications of electromagnetic fields.

Radio-Frequency and ELF Electromagnetic Energies

Author : R. Timothy Hitchcock,Robert M. Patterson
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 560 pages
File Size : 48,5 Mb
Release : 1995-03-08
Category : Sports & Recreation
ISBN : 0471284548

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Radio-Frequency and ELF Electromagnetic Energies by R. Timothy Hitchcock,Robert M. Patterson Pdf

Tailored especially for the working health professional, Radio Frequency and ELF Electrogmagnetic Energies is a practical guide to understanding, evaluating, and controlling the human health effects of radio-frequency (RF) and extremely low frequency (ELF) electromagnetic fields. Providing a perfect blend of applied information and theory, you'll find all you need to know about radiation safety, from the basic physics to how to set up a safety program. This book brings you cutting-edge discussions of exposure limits, monitoring instrumentation, new measurements required by human exposure standards, induced currents and contact currents, and the latest data on biological effects.

Biological Effects of Electromagnetic Fields

Author : Peter Stavroulakis
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 809 pages
File Size : 52,8 Mb
Release : 2013-03-09
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9783662060797

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Biological Effects of Electromagnetic Fields by Peter Stavroulakis Pdf

Reporting new results, this book covers the subject of biological effects of EMF in its entirety. Experimental verification of the theoretical results is given when at all possible, and the book is expected to open new areas of research, providing material for university course creation.

RF / Microwave Interaction with Biological Tissues

Author : André Vander Vorst,Arye Rosen,Youji Kotsuka
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 346 pages
File Size : 49,5 Mb
Release : 2006-02-06
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9780471752042

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RF / Microwave Interaction with Biological Tissues by André Vander Vorst,Arye Rosen,Youji Kotsuka Pdf

From engineering fundamentals to cutting-edge clinical applications This book examines the biological effects of RF/microwaves and their medical applications. Readers will discover new developments in therapeutic applications in such areas as cardiology, urology, surgery, ophthalmology, and oncology. The authors also present developing applications in such areas as cancer detection and organ imaging. Focusing on frequency ranges from 100 kHz to 10 GHz, RF/Microwave Interaction with Biological Tissues is divided into six chapters: * Fundamentals in Electromagnetics--examines penetration of RF/microwaves into biological tissues; skin effect; relaxation effects in materials and the Cole-Cole model (display); the near field of an antenna; blackbody radiation and the various associated laws; and microwave measurements. * RF/Microwave Interaction Mechanisms in Biological Materials--includes a section devoted to the fundamentals of thermodynamics and a discussion on energy and entropy. * Biological Effects--investigates the effects of radio frequency fields on the nervous system, the brain and spinal cord, the blood-brain barrier, and cells and membranes. * Thermal Therapy--includes a description of applicators and an extensive discussion on the foundation of dielectric heating and inductive heating. * EM-Wave Absorbers Protecting the Biological and Medical Environment--investigates materials for EM-wave absorbers from both a theoretical and applications perspective. Special attention is given to ferrite absorbers. * RF/Microwave Delivery Systems for Therapeutic Applications--begins with the fundamental features of major components used in RF/microwave delivery systems for therapeutic applications. New research towards the development of future measurement techniques is also presented. The book features problem sets at the end of each chapter, making it an excellent introduction for bioengineering and engineering students. Researchers, physicians, and technicians in the field will also find this an excellent reference that offers all the fundamentals, the most cutting-edge applications, and insight into future developments. An Instructor's Manual presenting detailed solutions to all the problems in the book is available from the Wiley editorial department.

Non-ionizing Radiation Protection

Author : Andrew W. Wood,Ken Karipidis
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 608 pages
File Size : 42,9 Mb
Release : 2017-04-10
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781119284208

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Non-ionizing Radiation Protection by Andrew W. Wood,Ken Karipidis Pdf

A comprehensive review of non-ionizing radiation and its public health and environmental risks, for researchers, policy makers, and laymen This book explains the characteristics of all forms of electromagnetic non-ionizing radiation (NIR) and analyzes the relationship between exposure and its biological effects, as well as the known dose-response relationships associated with each. Taking a uniquely holistic approach to the concept of health that builds upon the WHO definition to include not only absence of disease, but the physical, mental and social well-being of individuals and the population, it reviews established and potential risks and protections, along with regulatory issues associated with each. The risks to public health of NIR, whether in the form of UV light, radio waves from wireless devices, or electric and magnetic fields associated with electrical power systems, is currently a cause of great concern among members of the public and lawmakers. But in order to separate established science from speculation and make informed decisions about how to mitigate the risks of NIR and allocate precious resources, policymakers, manufacturers, and individuals need a comprehensive source of up-to-date information based on the current scientific evidence. Written by a team of experts in their fields, this book is that source. Among other things, it: Summarizes scientific findings on the safety of different forms of NIR and the rationale behind current standards Describes devices for monitoring NIR along with the established and potential hazards of each form Explores proper protections against UV light and lasers, RF radiation, ELF fields and other forms of NIR Discusses how to avoid injuries through occupational training or public awareness programs, and how to perform medical assessments in cases of suspected NIR injuries Considers how to decide whether or not to spend money on certain mitigation measures, based on cost-benefit analyses Offering expert reviews and analyses of the latest scientific findings and public policy issues concerning the risks to public health and the environment of NIR, Non-ionizing Radiation Protection is an indispensable source of information for manufacturers, government regulators, and regulatory agencies, as well as researchers, concerned laypersons, and students.